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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 11.80-81
tatra ālāpaḥ—
cāṭu-priyoktir ālāpaḥ ||
kā stry aṅga te kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena
sammohitā’rya-padavīṁ na calet trilokyām |
trailokya-saubhagam idaṁ ca nirīkṣya rūpaṁ
yad go-dvija-druma-mṛgān pulakāny abibhrat ||quoted · tatra ālāpaḥ
The verse — decoded
L1definition
cāṭu-priyoktir ālāpaḥ ||
cāṭu-priyoktiḥcoaxing, endearing speech — sweet-talk offered to win someone overमनुहार भरी प्रेम-वाणी
ālāpaḥis what is called ālāpa (loving address)उसी को 'आलाप' कहते हैं
cāṭu-priyoktiḥ — coaxing, endearing speech; ālāpaḥ — is called ālāpa.
cāṭu-priyoktiḥ — मनुहार (चाटु) भरी प्रेम-वाणी; ālāpaḥ — उसी को 'आलाप' कहते हैं।
Coaxing, affectionate speech is what is called ālāpa. This is the lakṣaṇa (definition) of ālāpa, one of the outward vācika (spoken) symptoms of bhāva.
चाटु अर्थात मनुहार से भरी प्रेमभरी वाणी को 'आलाप' कहते हैं।
L2example
kā stry aṅga te kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena
kā strīwhat woman [is there]कौन-सी स्त्री
aṅgaO dear one — an affectionate address to Kṛṣṇa vocative particle of endearmentहे प्रिय! (स्नेह भरा संबोधन)
teby yourतेरी
kala-padāyata-mūrcchitenabecause she is [bewitched] by the sweet-noted (kala-pada), long-drawn (āyata), swelling-in-melody (mūrcchita) [flute-music] instrumental of cause; Viśvanātha (s2) identifies this whole phrase as the veṇu-gīta, the flute-songमधुर स्वरों वाली, दीर्घ और मूर्च्छना से युक्त (वंशी-ध्वनि) के कारण
aṅga — O dear one; kā strī — what woman; te kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena — by your sweet-noted, drawn-out, swelling flute-notes...
kā strī — कौन-सी स्त्री; aṅga — हे प्रिय!; te — तेरी; kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena — मधुर स्वरों वाली, दीर्घ और मूर्च्छना-युक्त (वंशी-ध्वनि) के कारण।
O dear Kṛṣṇa, what woman, hearing the sweet, long-drawn, swelling notes of your flute...
हे प्रिय (कृष्ण)! तेरी मधुर स्वरों वाली, दीर्घ और मूर्च्छना-युक्त (वंशी-ध्वनि) से (मोहित होकर) कौन-सी स्त्री —
An udāharaṇa (illustration) of ālāpa, the 'coaxing loving speech' defined in L1; the words are the gopīs of Vraja addressing Kṛṣṇa (so Viśvanātha, s1).
यह L1 में परिभाषित 'आलाप' (मनुहार भरी प्रेम-वाणी) का उदाहरण (उदाहरण-श्लोक) है; ये वचन व्रज की गोपियों के हैं, जो कृष्ण को संबोधित कर रही हैं (विश्वनाथ, s1 के अनुसार)।
L3example
sammohitā’rya-padavīṁ na calet trilokyām |
sammohitābeing utterly bewildered [by it] past participle, nom. fem., agreeing with kā strīभलीभाँति मोहित हुई (जो स्त्री)
ārya-padavīṁfrom the path of the noble, chaste [women] accusative of the path deviated from — 'stray from the road of virtue'आर्य-पथ (सदाचार के मार्ग) से
na caletwould not keep to (would not fail to stray)विचलित न हो जाए / न भटके
trilokyāmanywhere in the three worldsतीनों लोकों में
trilokyām — in all three worlds; kā strī — what woman; sammohitā — so bewildered; ārya-padavīṁ na calet — would not stray from the path of the virtuous.
sammohitā — भलीभाँति मोहित हुई; ārya-padavīṁ — आर्य-पथ (सदाचार के मार्ग) से; na calet — विचलित न हो; trilokyām — तीनों लोकों में।
...would be so utterly bewitched that she could not keep to the path of chastity? In all three worlds, is there such a woman? The question is rhetorical: none — every woman would be swept off the road of virtue.
तीनों लोकों में ऐसी कौन-सी स्त्री होगी, जो (उस वंशी-गान से) भलीभाँति मोहित होकर सदाचार के मार्ग से विचलित न हो जाए?
L4example
trailokya-saubhagam idaṁ ca nirīkṣya rūpaṁ
trailokya-saubhagamwhich is the very good fortune (beauty, glory) of the three worldsतीनों लोकों के सौभाग्य-रूप (सर्वाधिक सुंदर)
idaṁthis [beauty here before us]इस
caand — adding a second cause beyond the flute-songऔर
nirīkṣyaon gazing upon [it]देखकर
rūpaṁyour beauty, your form object of nirīkṣya; trailokya-saubhagam and idaṁ qualify itरूप को
idaṁ trailokya-saubhagaṁ rūpaṁ ca — and this beauty of yours, the glory of the three worlds; nirīkṣya — on beholding it...
trailokya-saubhagam — तीनों लोकों के सौभाग्य-रूप; idaṁ — इस; ca — और; nirīkṣya — देखकर; rūpaṁ — रूप को।
And there is more than the flute. On beholding this beauty of yours — the very fortune of the three worlds — what woman would not be swept away? The 'and' (ca) adds beauty as a second bewitching cause alongside the flute-song.
और तीनों लोकों के सौभाग्य-स्वरूप इस (तेरे) रूप को देखकर —
L5example
yad go-dvija-druma-mṛgān pulakāny abibhrat ||
yad— that beauty at the sight of which relative (neut.) referring back to rūpaṁ, introducing the wonderजो (रूप)
go-dvija-druma-mṛgānthe cows, birds (dvija = the twice-born, i.e. birds), trees, and deer dvija here = birds; druma = treesगौओं, पक्षियों, वृक्षों और मृगों को
pulakānythrills of horripilation — the bristling of the body in raptureरोमांच (पुलक)
abibhratbore, displayed — read as plural abibharuḥ, 'they bore' (so Jīva, s1) singular verb standing for a plural; Jīva resolves itधारण करा दिया / (उनमें) उत्पन्न कर दिया
yad rūpaṁ nirīkṣya — which beauty, on seeing; go-dvija-druma-mṛgāḥ — the cows, birds, trees, and deer; pulakāni abibhran (abibhrat) — bore thrills of horripilation.
yad — जो (रूप); go-dvija-druma-mṛgān — गौओं, पक्षियों, वृक्षों और मृगों को; pulakāny — रोमांच; abibhrat — धारण करा दिया।
A beauty so overwhelming that even the cows, the birds, the trees, and the deer, at the sight of it, bristled all over with thrills of rapture. Jīva notes the singular verb abibhrat here stands for the plural abibharuḥ, 'they [all] bore.'
जिस (रूप) ने गौओं, पक्षियों, वृक्षों और मृगों तक को रोमांचित कर दिया — (उनमें) रोमांच धारण करा दिया।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1gloss
abibhrat abibharuḥ ||
abibhratthe verse's form abibhrat ('[it] bore', 3rd sg.)(एकवचन क्रिया) 'अबिभ्रत्'
abibharuḥis to be understood as abibharuḥ ('they bore', 3rd pl.)अर्थात बहुवचन 'अबिभरुः' (उन्होंने धारण किया)
abibhrat — the singular abibhrat; abibharuḥ — means abibharuḥ, 'they [all] bore.'
abibhrat — (एकवचन) 'अबिभ्रत्'; abibharuḥ — अर्थात बहुवचन 'अबिभरुः' (उन्होंने धारण किया)।
Jīva gives a one-word grammatical fix: the singular verb abibhrat ('it bore') here stands for the plural abibharuḥ, 'they bore' — since the subject is many (cows, birds, trees, deer). This resolves the number mismatch in the line.
यहाँ (एकवचन) 'अबिभ्रत्' को बहुवचन 'अबिभरुः' (उन्होंने धारण किया) समझना चाहिए।
s3other
(73)
(73)an editorial reference number (73) carried in from the source, not part of the commentary's argument(सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)
(73) — a structural numbering marker.
(73) — (सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)।
A bare numbering marker (73) sitting in the source text. It is an editorial cross-reference, not commentarial content, so there is nothing to decode.
(सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
vraja-devyaḥ śrī-kṛṣṇam āhuḥ—kā strīti |
vraja-devyaḥthe goddesses of Vraja — that is, the gopīsव्रज की देवियाँ (गोपियाँ)
śrī-kṛṣṇamto Śrī Kṛṣṇaश्रीकृष्ण से
āhuḥspeak, sayकहती हैं
kā strītiin the verse beginning 'kā strī...' pratīka — a lemma-cue flagging which verse is being introduced'का स्त्री' इस श्लोक से (प्रतीक)
vraja-devyaḥ — the gopīs of Vraja; śrī-kṛṣṇam — to Śrī Kṛṣṇa; āhuḥ — speak; kā strī iti — the verse 'kā strī...'.
vraja-devyaḥ — व्रज की देवियाँ (गोपियाँ); śrī-kṛṣṇam — श्रीकृष्ण से; āhuḥ — कहती हैं; kā strīti — 'का स्त्री' इस श्लोक से (प्रतीक)।
Viśvanātha sets the scene and names the speakers: the gopīs of Vraja address Śrī Kṛṣṇa in the verse that begins 'kā strī...'. So the whole verse is spoken in the gopīs' voice.
व्रज की देवियाँ (गोपियाँ) श्रीकृष्ण से कहती हैं — 'का स्त्री' इत्यादि श्लोक (यहाँ आरम्भ होता है)।
s2gloss
veṇu-gīteti |
veṇu-gīta[the phrase kala-padāyata-mūrcchita means] the flute-songवंशी-गान (बाँसुरी की तान)
itithat is — marks this as the word-gloss of the verse's instrumental phraseऐसा (तात्पर्य है)
[kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena =] veṇu-gīta iti — 'the flute-song.'
veṇu-gīta — वंशी-गान (बाँसुरी की तान); iti — ऐसा (तात्पर्य)।
Viśvanātha decodes the verse's 'sweet-noted, drawn-out, swelling' phrase in a single word: it means his flute-song. That is what bewitches the women.
('कल-पदायत-मूर्च्छित' पद का अर्थ है) वंशी-गान (बाँसुरी की तान) — ऐसा (विश्वनाथ कहते हैं)।
s3gloss
guṇānāṁ mohanatvam |
guṇānāṁof the flute-song's excellences (its sweet notes)गुणों का
mohanatvam[there belongs] the power to bewilderमोहित करने का सामर्थ्य (मोहनत्व)
guṇānāṁ — of the flute's excellences; mohanatvam — belongs the power to bewitch.
guṇānāṁ — गुणों का; mohanatvam — मोहित करने का सामर्थ्य।
Viśvanātha pins down what 'sammohitā' (utterly bewildered) rests on: the excellences of the flute-song carry a power to bewitch. It is the melody's own quality that does the bewildering.
(इस वंशी-गान से) कृष्ण के गुणों का मोहित कर देने वाला सामर्थ्य (प्रकट होता है)।
s4gloss
trilokyām iti |
trilokyāmthe verse-word 'in the three worlds''त्रिलोक्याम्' (तीनों लोकों में)
iti— pointing to the word to stress its sweep: no woman anywhere is exemptइस पद पर (कहते हैं)
trilokyām iti — the word 'in the three worlds.'
trilokyām — 'त्रिलोक्याम्' (तीनों लोकों में); iti — इस पद पर।
Viśvanātha flags the word 'trilokyām', 'in the three worlds', to underline the universality of the claim: nowhere in all three worlds is there an exempt woman. This sets up the next distinction, between women far off and women nearby.
'त्रिलोक्याम्' (तीनों लोकों में) — इस पद के विषय में (विश्वनाथ कहते हैं)।
s5gloss
dūra-vartinīṣu strīṣu nirīkṣya rūpam iti, nikaṭa-vartinīṣu guṇasya rūpasya ca |
dūra-vartinīṣu strīṣuas regards the women dwelling far away [only the flute-song reaches them] locative of 'in the case of / as regards'दूर रहने वाली स्त्रियों के विषय में
nirīkṣya rūpam itithe clause 'on seeing the beauty''रूप को देखकर' (यह लागू होता है — केवल रूप से मोहन)
nikaṭa-vartinīṣu[applies] to the women dwelling nearbyनिकट रहने वाली (स्त्रियों) के विषय में
guṇasya rūpasya cafor whom both the sound-quality and the beauty [do the bewitching]गुण (वंशी-गान) और रूप — दोनों का (मोहन)
dūra-vartinīṣu strīṣu — for the far-dwelling women [the flute-song alone works]; nirīkṣya rūpam iti — the clause 'on seeing the beauty'; nikaṭa-vartinīṣu — applies to the near-dwelling women; guṇasya rūpasya ca — for whom both the sound and the beauty [work].
dūra-vartinīṣu strīṣu — दूर रहने वाली स्त्रियों के विषय में; nirīkṣya rūpam iti — 'रूप को देखकर' (केवल रूप से); nikaṭa-vartinīṣu — निकट रहने वाली (स्त्रियों) के विषय में; guṇasya rūpasya ca — गुण (वंशी-गान) और रूप — दोनों का।
Viśvanātha splits the women in two. Those far away cannot see Kṛṣṇa, so only the flute-song reaches and bewitches them. The verse's phrase 'on seeing this beauty' is meant for the women close by — for them both the flute's melody and the sight of his beauty do the bewitching.
दूर रहने वाली स्त्रियों के विषय में 'रूप को देखकर' (केवल रूप से मोहन होता है); किन्तु निकट रहने वाली स्त्रियों के विषय में गुण (वंशी-गान) और रूप — दोनों से (मोहन होता है)।
s6objection
nanu, kevalaṁ mañjiṣṭhayor guṇa-rūpayor eva mohanatvaṁ, strī-niṣṭhasya kāmasyāpi tatra sāhāyya-dānādi cet ? tatrāhuḥ—go-dvijeti |
nanubut one may objectभला (यह शंका उठती है)
kevalaṁ ... evais it only, and nothing elseकेवल ... ही
mañjiṣṭhayoḥ guṇa-rūpayoḥof the two deeply-potent things — the flute-quality and the beauty mañjiṣṭha = the fast crimson madder-dye, hence 'deeply, indelibly dyed / most intense'अत्यन्त प्रगाढ़ (मंजिष्ठा-रंग-से गहरे) गुण और रूप का
mohanatvaṁthat the bewitching-power belongsमोहित करने का सामर्थ्य (है)
strī-niṣṭhasya kāmasya apior does even the desire (kāma) seated in the womenअथवा स्त्रियों में स्थित काम (वासना) का भी
tatra sāhāyya-dānādilend a helping hand and the like, there [in the bewitching]उसमें सहायता देना आदि (है क्या)
cetif [one asks this]?यदि (ऐसा हो)
tatrāhuḥto that the gopīs replyउस पर (गोपियाँ) कहती हैं
go-dvijetiin the line 'go-dvija...' (about the animals) pratīka introducing L5'गो-द्विज' इत्यादि (L5) से (प्रतीक)
nanu — but one may ask; kevalaṁ ... eva — is it only; mañjiṣṭhayoḥ guṇa-rūpayoḥ — of the two potent ones, the flute-quality and the beauty; mohanatvaṁ — that the bewitching belongs; strī-niṣṭhasya kāmasya api — or does even the women's own desire; tatra sāhāyya-dānādi — lend a helping hand there; cet — if so?; tatra āhuḥ — to that the gopīs say; go-dvija iti — 'go-dvija...'.
nanu — भला (शंका); kevalaṁ ... eva — केवल ... ही; mañjiṣṭhayoḥ guṇa-rūpayoḥ — अत्यन्त प्रगाढ़ गुण और रूप का; mohanatvaṁ — मोहनत्व (मोहित करने का सामर्थ्य); strī-niṣṭhasya kāmasya api — अथवा स्त्रियों में स्थित काम का भी; tatra sāhāyya-dānādi — उसमें सहायता आदि; cet — यदि हो; tatrāhuḥ — उस पर कहती हैं; go-dvijeti — 'गो-द्विज' इत्यादि (L5) से।
An objection. Is the bewitching power really only in those two intense things — the flute's melody and Kṛṣṇa's beauty? Or does the women's own inner desire (kāma) also lend a hand in it? To settle it, the gopīs speak the line about the animals, 'go-dvija...'.
(शंका:) क्या मोहन केवल इन अत्यन्त प्रगाढ़ गुण और रूप का ही है, अथवा स्त्रियों में स्थित काम (वासना) भी उसमें सहायता देता है? इस पर (गोपियाँ) 'गो-द्विज' इत्यादि (L5) कहती हैं।
mañjiṣṭha is the madder plant and its fast, deep-crimson dye; used figuratively for what is 'deeply, indelibly dyed', hence 'most intense, thoroughly potent.'
मंजिष्ठा (मजीठ) एक पौधा और उसका पक्का, गहरा लाल रंग है; लाक्षणिक रूप से जो 'गहराई से, अमिट रूप से रँगा हो' — अतः 'अत्यन्त तीव्र, पूर्णतया प्रबल' के अर्थ में।
s7reply
gāvaḥ pakṣiṇo mṛgāś ca muhyantīti teṣāṁ kutaḥ kāmaḥ ? iti |
gāvaḥ pakṣiṇaḥ mṛgāḥ cathe cows, the birds, and the deer [too]गौएँ, पक्षी और मृग
muhyantiare [themselves] bewitched, faint with bewildermentमोहित हो जाते हैं
iti— so [the verse says]ऐसा (कहकर)
teṣāṁ kutaḥ kāmaḥwhere, then, would there be any desire in them? rhetorical: animals have no kāma at allउनमें काम (वासना) कहाँ से (हो सकता है)?
iti— closing the reasoningऐसा (भाव)
gāvaḥ pakṣiṇaḥ mṛgāḥ ca — the cows, birds, and deer; muhyanti iti — are themselves bewitched; teṣāṁ — in them; kutaḥ kāmaḥ — whence any desire?
gāvaḥ pakṣiṇaḥ mṛgāḥ ca — गौएँ, पक्षी और मृग; muhyanti — मोहित हो जाते हैं; iti — ऐसा कहकर; teṣāṁ kutaḥ kāmaḥ — उनमें काम कहाँ से?; iti — यह भाव।
The reply. The cows, birds, and deer are bewitched too. But where would they get any desire? They have none. So the bewitching cannot depend on the women's own desire — the flute-song and the beauty accomplish it entirely by themselves.
गौएँ, पक्षी और मृग भी मोहित हो जाते हैं — तो उनमें काम (वासना) कहाँ से? (उनमें तो काम है ही नहीं; अतः मोहन काम से नहीं होता।)
s8conclusion
kṛpayā asmān aṅgīkurv iti bhāvaḥ |
kṛpayāout of mercy, kindlyकृपा करके
asmānusहमें
aṅgīkuruaccept! take us as your own!स्वीकार कर लो / अंगीकार करो
iti bhāvaḥ— such is the underlying purportयह तात्पर्य है
kṛpayā — out of mercy; asmān — us; aṅgīkuru — accept as your own; iti bhāvaḥ — is the inner purport.
kṛpayā — कृपा करके; asmān — हमें; aṅgīkuru — स्वीकार कर लो; iti bhāvaḥ — यह तात्पर्य है।
Viśvanātha draws out the hidden import behind the gopīs' words: 'So, out of mercy, please accept us as your own!' That plea is what the whole coaxing speech is really driving at.
'कृपा करके हमें स्वीकार कर लो' — यही (गोपियों के वचनों का) तात्पर्य है।
s9objection
nanu nāyikānāṁ sambhoga-prārthanā-mayī cāṭu-prayoktī rasābhāsaḥ, tasmād arasikā yuṣmān aṅgīkaromīti cet ? tatra sarasvaty eva samādadhāti—gīta-sammohiteti |
nanubut one may object [now in Kṛṣṇa's mouth]भला (यह शंका हो सकती है)
nāyikānāṁof women, of the heroinesनायिकाओं (गोपियों) की
sambhoga-prārthanā-mayīconsisting of a plea for sexual unionसंभोग (मिलन) की प्रार्थना से भरी
cāṭu-prayoktīsuch coaxing, flattering speechचाटु-वाणी (मनुहार भरी उक्ति)
rasābhāsaḥis a false semblance of rasa — an improper, discordant moodरसाभास (रस का आभास मात्र) है
tasmāt arasikātherefore [you are] without taste, unrefinedइसलिए वह रसहीन है
yuṣmān aṅgīkaromi[why] should I accept you?(तो क्या) मैं तुम्हें स्वीकार करूँ?
iti cetif [Kṛṣṇa says this]?यदि (कृष्ण) ऐसा कहें, तो
tatra sarasvatī eva samādadhātito that, Sarasvatī herself — the very goddess of speech — sets it right eva: the goddess of eloquence herself, no less, supplies the answer — the reply is built into the wordingउस पर स्वयं सरस्वती (वाग्देवी) ही समाधान करती हैं
gīta-sammohitetiin the word 'sammohitā', bewildered-by-the-song pratīka — the answer is lodged in the verse-word sammohitā'गीत-सम्मोहिता' इस (पद) से (प्रतीक — उत्तर 'सम्मोहिता' शब्द में ही निहित है)
nanu — one may object; nāyikānāṁ sambhoga-prārthanā-mayī cāṭu-prayoktī — women's coaxing speech that is a plea for union; rasābhāsaḥ — is a semblance of rasa; tasmāt arasikā — so [you are] tasteless; yuṣmān aṅgīkaromi — [why] should I accept you; iti cet — if [he says so]?; tatra sarasvatī eva samādadhāti — to that Sarasvatī herself resolves it; gīta-sammohita iti — in 'bewildered by the song.'
nanu — भला (शंका); nāyikānāṁ — नायिकाओं की; sambhoga-prārthanā-mayī — मिलन की प्रार्थना से भरी; cāṭu-prayoktī — चाटु-वाणी; rasābhāsaḥ — रसाभास है; tasmāt arasikā — अतः वह रसहीन (है); yuṣmān aṅgīkaromi — (तो क्या) मैं तुम्हें स्वीकार करूँ; iti cet — यदि ऐसा कहें; tatra sarasvatī eva samādadhāti — उस पर स्वयं सरस्वती ही समाधान करती हैं; gīta-sammohiteti — 'गीत-सम्मोहिता' इस पद से (प्रतीक)।
A sharper objection, now imagined in Kṛṣṇa's own mouth: for women to speak coaxingly, openly begging for union, is a discordant, improper mood — a mere semblance of rasa, not real rasa. 'So you are unrefined — why should I accept you?' To this, says Viśvanātha, Sarasvatī herself — the very goddess of speech — supplies the answer, and it is lodged right in the verse's own word 'sammohitā', bewitched by the song.
(शंका:) नायिकाओं (गोपियों) की, संभोग की प्रार्थना से भरी यह चाटु-वाणी तो रसाभास है; अतः वह रसहीन है — फिर (क्या) मैं तुम्हें स्वीकार करूँ? यदि (कृष्ण) ऐसा कहें, तो उस पर स्वयं वाग्देवी सरस्वती ही 'गीत-सम्मोहिता' (इस पद) से समाधान कर देती हैं।
rasābhāsa is a technical term: a 'semblance' or mis-firing of rasa — an emotional register offered in the wrong way, which fails to become true rasa. The charge is that women openly begging for union would be such a mis-fire.
रसाभास एक पारिभाषिक शब्द है — रस का 'आभास' या विपथगमन; ऐसा भाव जो अनुचित रीति से प्रस्तुत हो और सच्चे रस में परिणत न हो सके। यहाँ आपत्ति यह है कि स्त्रियों का खुलकर मिलन-याचना करना ऐसा ही रसाभास होगा।
s10reply
tvayā muralī-gītenonmādya mohitānām āsāṁ svabhāva-viparyayaḥ kṛtaḥ |
tvayāby you [yourself] instrumental of agent — the doing is Kṛṣṇa's ownतुम्हारे द्वारा (यह स्वयं तुम्हारा किया हुआ है)
muralī-gītenawith your flute-songमुरली (वंशी) के गान से
unmādyahaving driven [them] madउन्मत्त करके
mohitānām āsāṁof these bewitched womenमोहित हुई इन (स्त्रियों) का
svabhāva-viparyayaḥa reversal of their very nature [their normal modesty]स्वभाव का उलट जाना (विपर्यय)
kṛtaḥhas been brought aboutकर दिया गया है
tvayā — by you; muralī-gītena — with the flute-song; unmādya — having maddened them; mohitānām āsāṁ — of these bewitched women; svabhāva-viparyayaḥ — a reversal of nature; kṛtaḥ — has been wrought.
tvayā — तुम्हारे द्वारा; muralī-gītena — मुरली-गान से; unmādya — उन्मत्त करके; mohitānām āsāṁ — मोहित हुई इन स्त्रियों का; svabhāva-viparyayaḥ — स्वभाव का विपर्यय; kṛtaḥ — कर दिया गया।
Sarasvatī's answer, first move: it is you who, with your own flute-song, first drove these women mad and bewitched them — and so it is you who overturned their very nature. Their boldness is your doing, not a fault of their own.
तुमने ही मुरली के गान से (इन्हें) उन्मत्त करके, मोहित हुई इन स्त्रियों का स्वभाव उलट डाला है।
s11conclusion
tena madhupānenonmāditānāṁ vadhūnāṁ nirlajjatā sambhoga-prārthanādyā na doṣāḥ, pratyuta rasāvahatvād guṇā eva, yathā tathaivāsām apīti bhāvaḥ ||
tena madhu-pānenajust as by that drinking of wine (madhu) instrumental; opens the analogy of the wine-intoxicated womenउस मदिरा-पान से
unmāditānāṁ vadhūnāṁof women maddened [by it]उन्मत्त हुई स्त्रियों की
nirlajjatā sambhoga-prārthanādyāshamelessness, begging for union, and the likeनिर्लज्जता, संभोग (मिलन) की प्रार्थना आदि
na doṣāḥare not faultsदोष नहीं हैं
pratyutaon the contraryउल्टे / प्रत्युत
rasāvahatvātbecause they carry and heighten rasa ablative of causeक्योंकि वे रस उत्पन्न करती हैं (रसावहत्व के कारण)
guṇāḥ evaare, in fact, virtuesगुण ही हैं
yathā tathā eva āsām apiexactly so for these women tooजैसे (वहाँ) वैसे ही इन (गोपियों) के लिए भी
iti bhāvaḥ— such is the purportयही तात्पर्य है
tena madhu-pānena unmāditānāṁ vadhūnāṁ — of women intoxicated by that wine-drinking; nirlajjatā sambhoga-prārthanādyāḥ — shamelessness, pleas for union, and the like; na doṣāḥ — are not faults; pratyuta rasāvahatvāt guṇāḥ eva — rather, because they heighten rasa, are virtues indeed; yathā tathā eva āsām api — just so for these women too; iti bhāvaḥ — is the purport.
tena madhu-pānena — उस मदिरा-पान से; unmāditānāṁ vadhūnāṁ — उन्मत्त हुई स्त्रियों की; nirlajjatā sambhoga-prārthanādyā — निर्लज्जता, मिलन-याचना आदि; na doṣāḥ — दोष नहीं; pratyuta — प्रत्युत; rasāvahatvāt — क्योंकि वे रस उत्पन्न करती हैं; guṇāḥ eva — गुण ही हैं; yathā tathā eva āsām api — जैसे वहाँ वैसे ही इनके लिए भी; iti bhāvaḥ — यह तात्पर्य है।
Now the clinching analogy. When women are intoxicated with wine, their loss of shame and their open pleas for union are not counted as faults — on the contrary, because they heighten the mood (rasa), they count as merits. Exactly the same holds here. The mapping: the wine is your flute-music; the wine-drunk woman is the bewitched gopī; and the point proved is that forwardness born of your own bewitching is a rasa-enhancing virtue, not a flaw. So the answer to Kṛṣṇa's charge is complete: these women are drunk on your flute, and their boldness is a merit, not a mis-firing of rasa.
जैसे उस मदिरा-पान से उन्मत्त हुई स्त्रियों की निर्लज्जता और मिलन की याचना आदि दोष नहीं, बल्कि रस उत्पन्न करने के कारण गुण ही हैं — वैसे ही इन (गोपियों) के लिए भी (ये दोष नहीं, गुण ही हैं) — यही तात्पर्य है।
s13other
(73)
(73)an editorial reference number (73) carried in from the source, not part of the commentary's argument(सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)
(73) — a structural numbering marker.
(73) — (सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)।
A bare numbering marker (73) sitting in the source text — an editorial cross-reference, not commentarial content, so there is nothing to decode.
(सन्दर्भ-संख्या 73)।