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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 11.19-20
yathā— / atha mādhuryam—-
mādhuryaṁ nāma ceṣṭānāṁ sarvāvasthāsu cārutā ||
asavyaṁ kaṁsārer bhuja-śirasi dhṛtvā pulakinaṁ
nija-śroṇyāṁ savyaṁ karam anṛju-viṣkambhita-padā |
dadhānā mūrdhānaṁ laghutara-tiraḥ-sraṁsinam iyaṁ
babhau rāsottīrṇā muhur alasa-mūrtiḥ śaśimukhī ||
The verse — decoded
L1definition
mādhuryaṁ nāma ceṣṭānāṁ sarvāvasthāsu cārutā ||
mādhuryaṁ nāmawhat is called mādhurya (charm, sweetness) nāma flags mādhurya as the term now being defined"माधुर्य" नामक (जिस गुण की अब परिभाषा दी जा रही है)
ceṣṭānāṁbelonging to one's gestures and movementsचेष्टाओं की (गति-भंगिमाओं की)
sarvāvasthāsuin every state, at every moment locative of range — across all conditions, not oneसमस्त अवस्थाओं में (किसी एक दशा में नहीं)
cārutāis the sustained charm, the lovelinessमनोहरता / सौन्दर्य
mādhuryaṁ nāma — what is called mādhurya; ceṣṭānāṁ — of one's gestures; sarvāvasthāsu — in every state; cārutā — is the charm.
mādhuryaṁ nāma — जिसे माधुर्य कहते हैं वह गुण; ceṣṭānāṁ — चेष्टाओं की; sarvāvasthāsu — समस्त अवस्थाओं में (बनी रहनेवाली); cārutā — मनोहरता (यही माधुर्य है)।
What is called mādhurya is this: the gestures stay lovely in every state. Not just in one pose or one mood, but across all of them. That constant grace of movement is the anubhāva named mādhurya.
माधुर्य वह है जिससे चेष्टाएँ हर अवस्था में मनोहर बनी रहती हैं। किसी एक दशा में नहीं, बल्कि सब दशाओं में उनका सौन्दर्य टिका रहता है।
mādhurya here is one of the anubhāvas (the outward symptoms that display bhāva) catalogued in prakaraṇa 11 — not the broad 'sweetness' of Kṛṣṇa's form, but the technical quality by which a lover's every gesture keeps its charm.
यहाँ "माधुर्य" प्रकरण 11 में गिनाए गए अनुभावों में से एक है — कृष्ण के रूप की व्यापक मधुरता नहीं, बल्कि वह विशिष्ट गुण जिससे प्रेमी-प्रेमिका की प्रत्येक चेष्टा अपना सौन्दर्य बनाए रखती है।
L2example
asavyaṁ kaṁsārer bhuja-śirasi dhṛtvā pulakinaṁ
asavyaṁher right hand [object of dhṛtvā] a-savya, 'not-left' = right; Viśvanātha glosses dakṣiṇa-karamअसव्य अर्थात् दाहिना (हाथ)
kaṁsāreronto Kaṁsāri's — Kṛṣṇa's, the foe of Kaṁsaकंस के शत्रु (कृष्ण) के
bhuja-śirasion the top of the arm, the shoulder Viśvanātha: skandhe, 'the shoulder'भुजा के शिर पर, अर्थात् कंधे पर
dhṛtvāhaving laid, placedरखकर
pulakinaṁ[the hand] itself bristling, thrilled with horripilation accusative agreeing with asavyaṁ karamपुलकित (रोमांचित) — उसी दाहिने हाथ का विशेषण
asavyaṁ [karam] pulakinaṁ — her right hand, bristling with thrill; kaṁsārer bhuja-śirasi — on Kṛṣṇa's shoulder; dhṛtvā — having laid.
asavyaṁ — दाहिना (हाथ); kaṁsārer — कंसारि कृष्ण के; bhuja-śirasi — कंधे पर; dhṛtvā — रखकर; pulakinaṁ — रोमांच से पुलकित उस हाथ को।
She lays her right hand on Kṛṣṇa's shoulder. The hand itself is bristling — horripilation, the thrill of the touch. Kaṁsāri is Kṛṣṇa, 'the enemy of Kaṁsa.'
वह अपना दाहिना हाथ, जो रोमांच से पुलकित है, कृष्ण के कंधे पर रखकर।
The first line of the illustrative verse (udāharaṇa) for mādhuryam, 'the charm of gestures in all states,' defined just above in 11.19. The whole pose it paints — one hand on Kṛṣṇa, one on her own hip, feet crossed, head tilting — is offered as charm that holds through a weary, post-dance moment.
यह माधुर्य के उदाहरण-श्लोक की पहली पंक्ति है — वही "सब अवस्थाओं में चेष्टाओं का सौन्दर्य", जो ऊपर 11.19 में परिभाषित हुआ। यहाँ जो पूरी मुद्रा चित्रित है — एक हाथ कृष्ण पर, एक अपनी कमर पर, पैर आड़े, सिर तनिक झुका — वह रास के बाद की थकी हुई अवस्था में भी टिकनेवाले सौन्दर्य के रूप में प्रस्तुत है।
L3example
nija-śroṇyāṁ savyaṁ karam anṛju-viṣkambhita-padā |
nija-śroṇyāṁon her own hip locative — where the left hand restsअपने नितम्ब (कमर) पर
savyaṁ karamher left hand [also object of dhṛtvā] savya = leftबायाँ हाथ
anṛju-viṣkambhita-padāwith her feet planted crookedly, set apart at a slant an-ṛju, 'not-straight'; bahuvrīhi describing herजिसने पैरों को सीधा नहीं, टेढ़ा फैलाकर रखा है (उसका विशेषण)
savyaṁ karam — her left hand; nija-śroṇyāṁ — on her own hip; [dhṛtvā, from L2]; anṛju-viṣkambhita-padā — with feet planted aslant.
nija-śroṇyāṁ — अपने नितम्ब पर; savyaṁ karam — बायाँ हाथ (रखकर); anṛju-viṣkambhita-padā — टेढ़े फैले पैरोंवाली वह।
Her left hand rests on her own hip. Her feet are planted not straight but crossed, set aslant — the tired, casual stance of someone just off the dance floor.
बायाँ हाथ अपनी कमर पर रखे हुए, और पैरों को आड़ा-टेढ़ा फैलाए हुए।
L4example
dadhānā mūrdhānaṁ laghutara-tiraḥ-sraṁsinam iyaṁ
dadhānāholding, carrying [she, feminine]धारण करती हुई
mūrdhānaṁher headसिर को
laghutara-tiraḥ-sraṁsinamdrooping ever so lightly to one side, as if slipping sideways laghutara = very slightly; tiraḥ = sideways; sraṁsin = slipping — accusative with mūrdhānaṁबहुत थोड़ा तिरछा (बगल में) ढलकते हुए — सिर का विशेषण
iyaṁthis woman, right here deictic — the one Rati-mañjarī is pointing out (Viśvanātha)यह (जिसे रति-मंजरी दिखा रही है)
iyaṁ — this woman; mūrdhānaṁ laghutara-tiraḥ-sraṁsinam — her head, drooping faintly to one side; dadhānā — holding.
dadhānā — धारण करती हुई; mūrdhānaṁ — सिर को; laghutara-tiraḥ-sraṁsinam — बहुत थोड़ा एक ओर ढलकते हुए उस सिर को; iyaṁ — यह (नायिका)।
She holds her head tilting faintly to one side, as if it were about to slip. 'This one, right here' — iyaṁ — is the woman being pointed out.
सिर को बहुत हल्के-से एक ओर ढलकाए हुए यह नायिका।
L5example
babhau rāsottīrṇā muhur alasa-mūrtiḥ śaśimukhī ||
babhaushone, looked radiant [main verb]सुशोभित हुई
rāsottīrṇāhaving just come out of the rāsa dance uttīrṇā, 'crossed over / emerged from' the rāsaरास से पार आई हुई (रास पूर्ण करके निकली हुई)
muhuragain and again, moment by momentबार-बार
alasa-mūrtiḥher whole form languid, going limp with wearinessआलस्य से भरी देहवाली
śaśimukhīthe moon-faced one — Rādhā, or her friend (Viśvanātha)चन्द्रमुखी (नायिका)
śaśimukhī — the moon-faced one; rāsottīrṇā — just off the rāsa dance; muhur alasa-mūrtiḥ — her form languid again and again; [iyaṁ, from L4]; babhau — shone.
babhau — सुशोभित हुई; rāsottīrṇā — रास से पार आई हुई; muhur — बार-बार; alasa-mūrtiḥ — आलस्यभरी देहवाली; śaśimukhī — चन्द्रमुखी वह।
The moon-faced one has just stepped out of the rāsa dance. Her whole body is languid, going limp moment by moment. And in exactly that weary state — she shines. That is the teaching point: charm that survives even exhaustion, the 'all states' of the definition.
रास पूरा करके आई हुई, बार-बार आलस्य से भरी देहवाली वह चन्द्रमुखी शोभा पा रही थी।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam.
na vyākhyātam[this verse was] not explained Jīva passes over the verse without commentइसकी कोई व्याख्या नहीं (की गई) — जीव इस श्लोक पर मौन रहते हैं
na vyākhyātam — [it was] not explained.
na vyākhyātam — (इस श्लोक की) व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
Jīva Gosvāmī gives no comment on this verse.
जीव गोस्वामी इस श्लोक पर कुछ नहीं कहते।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
rati-mañjarī dūrāt sva-sakhīṁ darśayiti |
rati-mañjarīRati-mañjarī [is the one speaking the verse]रति-मंजरी
dūrātfrom a distance, from afar ablative — she watches from some way offदूर से
sva-sakhīṁher own friend (sakhī)अपनी सखी को
darśayatipoints out, shows [her to someone] text prints darśayiti, read for darśayatiदिखाती है (पाठ में darśayiti छपा है, darśayati पढ़ें)
rati-mañjarī — Rati-mañjarī; dūrāt — from afar; sva-sakhīṁ — her own friend; darśayati — points out.
rati-mañjarī — रति-मंजरी; dūrāt — दूर से; sva-sakhīṁ — अपनी सखी को; darśayati — दिखाती है।
Viśvanātha sets the scene: Rati-mañjarī, standing some way off, points out her friend to someone. So the whole verse is spoken as one gopī showing another the sight of Rādhā just off the dance.
रति-मंजरी दूर से अपनी सखी को दिखा रही है।
s2gloss
asavyaṁ dakṣiṇa-karam |
asavyaṁthe mūla's word asavya"असव्य" (शब्द का अर्थ)
dakṣiṇa-karammeans the right handदाहिना हाथ
asavyaṁ — asavya [means]; dakṣiṇa-karam — the right hand.
asavyaṁ — (अर्थात्) dakṣiṇa-karam — दाहिना हाथ।
asavya, literally 'not-left,' means the right hand.
"असव्य" का अर्थ है दाहिना हाथ।
s3gloss
bhuja-śirasi skandhe |
bhuja-śirasithe phrase bhuja-śiras, 'the head of the arm'"भुजा-शिर" (पद का अर्थ)
skandhemeans on the shoulderकंधे पर
bhuja-śirasi — bhuja-śiras [means]; skandhe — on the shoulder.
bhuja-śirasi — (अर्थात्) skandhe — कंधे पर।
bhuja-śiras, 'the head of the arm,' means the shoulder.
"भुजा-शिर" का अर्थ है कंधा।
s4alternative
śaśimukhī śrī-rādhā tasyāḥ sakhī vā ||
śaśimukhīthe moon-faced one [of the verse]चन्द्रमुखी
śrī-rādhāis Śrī Rādhāश्रीराधा (हैं)
tasyāḥ sakhīor a friend (sakhī) of hers genitive tasyāḥ — 'of Rādhā'उनकी (राधा की) सखी
or — either reading may standअथवा
śaśimukhī — the moon-faced one; śrī-rādhā — [is] Śrī Rādhā; — or; tasyāḥ sakhī — a friend of hers.
śaśimukhī — चन्द्रमुखी; śrī-rādhā — श्रीराधा; tasyāḥ sakhī — उनकी सखी; — अथवा।
Who is the moon-faced one? Either Śrī Rādhā herself, or one of her sakhīs. Viśvanātha leaves both readings open — vā, 'or' — and does not settle which.
"चन्द्रमुखी" या तो श्रीराधा हैं, अथवा उनकी कोई सखी — दोनों पक्ष खुले रखे गए हैं।
s6other
(18)
(18)a bare reference number carried in the commentary flow(18) — श्लोक-संख्या
(18) — [a parenthetical numeral].
(18) — श्लोक-क्रमांक अठारह।
A stray reference number, '(18)', left in the commentary text — an editorial or cross-reference marker, with nothing to decode on its own.
यह श्लोक-क्रमांक अठारह है।