L1definition
āpekṣikādhikānāṁ yat tisṛṇāṁ laghuṣu sphuṭam |
āpekṣika-adhikānāṁof those who rank higher only by comparison — above some companions, not above all āpekṣika = relative, measured against others; genitive, whose office is described belowजो अपेक्षाकृत (दूसरियों की तुलना में) अधिक श्रेष्ठ हैं, उनका
yatbecause, since correlative — its 'therefore' (tataḥ) lands in L2जो (कार्य) — जिसका फल आगे L2 में 'इसलिए' रूप में आता है
tisṛṇāṁof the three such [sakhīs] genitive, in step with āpekṣika-adhikānāṁउन तीनों का
laghuṣutoward the ones lower than they are locative marking the sphere in which the errand-running happensछोटी (सखियों) के विषय में — जहाँ यह कार्य होता है
sphuṭamopenly, plainlyस्पष्ट रूप से (प्रकट रूप से)
yat āpekṣika-adhikānāṁ tisṛṇāṁ laghuṣu sphuṭam — because, of the three who rank higher only by comparison, [the errand-running] toward their inferiors is done openly…
āpekṣika-adhikānāṁ — जो अपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ हैं उनका; yat — जो (कार्य); tisṛṇāṁ — तीनों का; laghuṣu — छोटी (सखियों) के विषय में; sphuṭam — स्पष्ट रूप से।
Take three sakhīs who count as 'higher' only in comparison — above some of their fellows, not above everyone. The line sets up a reason. Toward those below them, and out in the open,…
जो तीन (सखियाँ) अपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ हैं, उनका जो कार्य छोटी सखियों के विषय में स्पष्ट रूप से (होता है) —
The three are left unnamed here; the mūla only marks them as 'relatively higher.' The decode keeps them generic — no included commentator names them.
यहाँ तीनों का नाम नहीं लिया गया; मूल केवल इतना बताता है कि वे अपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ हैं। डिकोड इन्हें सामान्य रूप में ही रखता है — किसी सम्मिलित टीकाकार ने इनका नाम नहीं दिया।
L2definition
kadācid eva dūtyaṁ tā nāyikā-prāyikās tataḥ
kadācid evaonly once in a while, just occasionally eva restricts — the errand-running is the exception, not their normal workकभी-कभी ही (यही अपवाद है, नित्य कार्य नहीं)
dūtyaṁacting as a go-between, the messenger's office (dūtī work)दूती का कार्य (सन्देश पहुँचाना)
tāḥthey — those threeवे (तीनों)
nāyikā-prāyikāḥare as good as heroines, heroine-like -prāyika = 'for the most part, all but' — they nearly are nāyikāsप्रायः नायिका के समान (लगभग नायिका ही)
tataḥtherefore answers the yat of L1 — the reason concludes hereइसी कारण (L1 के 'जो' का उत्तर)
…dūtyaṁ kadācid eva [bhavati], tataḥ tāḥ nāyikā-prāyikāḥ — …their go-between work happens only occasionally; therefore they are all but heroines.
kadācid eva — कभी-कभी ही; dūtyaṁ — दूती-कार्य; tāḥ — वे; nāyikā-prāyikāḥ — प्रायः नायिका के समान; tataḥ — इसी कारण।
…they carry a message only now and then — it is not their standing job. Because their errand-running is so rare, they count as practically heroines themselves. That is the force of 'therefore.' A full-time dūtī serves; these three barely do, so they read as nāyikās.
वे तीनों कभी-कभी ही दूती का काम करती हैं; इसी कारण वे लगभग नायिका के समान ही मानी जाती हैं।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1gloss
āpekṣikādhikānāṁ tisṛṇāṁ yady asmāt laghuṣu kadācid eva dūtyaṁ syāt tat tasmāt tisro nāyikā ucyante ||
āpekṣika-adhikānāṁ tisṛṇāṁof the three who are higher only by comparisonअपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ उन तीनों का
yady asmātsince, from this very fact Jīva unpacks the verse's terse yat as yadi-asmāt = 'because of this'यदि इस कारण से (जीव मूल के संक्षिप्त 'यत्' को यदि-अस्मात् रूप में खोलते हैं)
laghuṣutoward the ones below themछोटी (सखियों) के प्रति
kadācid eva dūtyaṁ syātgo-between work would occur only occasionally eva = only; syāt supplies the verb the mūla left unstatedकभी-कभी ही दूती-कार्य हो (मूल में अनुक्त क्रिया 'स्यात्' यहाँ जोड़ी गई)
tat tasmāton that account, for that reason Jīva spells out the verse's tataḥ as tat-tasmātतो उसी कारण (जीव मूल के 'तताः' को तत्-तस्मात् रूप में स्पष्ट करते हैं)
tisro nāyikā ucyantethe three are called heroines (nāyikā) he supplies the finite verb ucyante and reads nāyikā-prāyikāḥ plainly as 'called nāyikā'तीनों नायिका कही जाती हैं
āpekṣika-adhikānāṁ tisṛṇāṁ yady asmāt laghuṣu kadācid eva dūtyaṁ syāt tat tasmāt tisro nāyikā ucyante — since, of the three who are higher only by comparison, go-between work toward their inferiors would happen only occasionally, for that reason the three are called heroines.
āpekṣika-adhikānāṁ tisṛṇāṁ — अपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ तीनों का; yady asmāt — यदि इस कारण; laghuṣu — छोटी (सखियों) के प्रति; kadācid eva dūtyaṁ syāt — कभी-कभी ही दूती-कार्य हो; tat tasmāt — तो उसी कारण; tisro nāyikā ucyante — तीनों नायिका कही जाती हैं।
Jīva simply re-runs the verse as a plain if-then. The three rank higher only by comparison. Since (his yady asmāt = the verse's yat) they run errands for their inferiors only once in a while, for that reason (his tat tasmāt = tataḥ) the three are called heroines. He fills in the two words the verse leaves unsaid: the verb syāt, and ucyante, 'are called.'
जीव कहते हैं — अपेक्षाकृत श्रेष्ठ जो तीन (सखियाँ) हैं, यदि इस कारण से वे छोटी सखियों के प्रति कभी-कभी ही दूती-कार्य करती हैं, तो उसी कारण वे तीनों नायिका कहलाती हैं।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
āpekṣiketi |
āpekṣika iti'āpekṣika…' — i.e. the verse that opens with this word iti quotes the opening word as the pratīka, flagging which verse he now glosses'आपेक्षिक' — श्लोक का आरम्भिक शब्द प्रतीक रूप में उद्धृत करके
āpekṣika iti [ślokaḥ] — [the verse] beginning 'āpekṣika'.
āpekṣika iti — 'आपेक्षिक' इत्यादि (श्लोक का प्रतीक-वचन)।
Viśvanātha picks the verse up by its first word, 'āpekṣika,' just to mark which verse he is about to comment on.
विश्वनाथ श्लोक का आरम्भिक शब्द 'आपेक्षिक' उद्धृत करके बताते हैं कि अब वे इसी श्लोक की व्याख्या आरम्भ कर रहे हैं।
s2gloss
kathyante iti śeṣaḥ ||
kathyante'they are called / spoken of' — the passive verbकही जाती हैं
iti śeṣaḥis the word to be supplied to finish the sentence śeṣaḥ = the remainder the reader must read in; the mūla states no finite verb— ऐसा शेष (अध्याहार) समझ लेना चाहिए, क्योंकि मूल में कोई क्रिया नहीं कही गई
kathyante iti śeṣaḥ — 'kathyante' (they are called) is the word to be supplied.
kathyante — कही जाती हैं; iti śeṣaḥ — ऐसा शेष (जोड़कर पढ़ना चाहिए)।
The verse names the three and calls them heroine-like but gives no verb. Viśvanātha supplies it: read in 'kathyante' — 'they are [so] called.' So the full sense runs: [therefore] they are called all-but-heroines. (Where Jīva read in ucyante, Viśvanātha reads in its synonym kathyante — both 'are called.')
विश्वनाथ कहते हैं — यहाँ 'कही जाती हैं' (कथ्यन्ते) क्रिया शेष रूप में जोड़ लेनी चाहिए, क्योंकि मूल में कोई क्रिया प्रकट नहीं की गई।