L1other
dvitrāṇy etya padāni kuñja-vasater dvāre vilāsonmukhī
dvi-trāṇi padānitwo or three steps — only a step or two, not a full walk acc. pl., object of etyaदो-तीन कदम (को)
etyahaving come, once she had walked up gerundचलकर, पास आकर
kuñja-vasater dvāreto the doorway of the bower-cottage — kuñja-vasati, the hut in the grove where the tryst is loc. of place; vasateḥ gen. into the compoundकुंज-निवास के द्वार पर
vilāsa-unmukhīeager and forward for love-play — face turned toward vilāsa (Viśvanātha reads a second sense too) nom. fem., describes Śyāmalāविलास (प्रेम-क्रीड़ा) के लिए उन्मुख (श्यामला)
dvi-trāṇi padāni etya — having come two or three steps; kuñja-vasater dvāre — to the door of the bower-cottage; vilāsonmukhī — eager for love-play.
दो-तीन कदम चलकर, कुंज-निवास के द्वार पर (आकर), विलास के लिए उन्मुख (वह श्यामला)…
Kṛṣṇa is remembering the girl. She had come just two or three steps up to the door of the bower where they were to meet, and she came 'vilāsonmukhī' — leaning toward love-play, eager for it. Hold that word: Viśvanātha will show it carries a second reading as well (her face made lovely by the ornament called vilāsa). For now, take the plain sense: she was drawn forward, ready.
श्यामला दो-तीन कदम आगे बढ़कर कुंज-निवास के द्वार पर आ पहुँची, प्रेम-क्रीड़ा के लिए उत्सुक थी।
kuñja-vasati = the little dwelling in the grove, the trysting-bower; dvāre fixes her right at its threshold — she has come almost all the way in.
L2other
sadyaḥ kampa-taraṅgad-aṅga-latikā tiryag-vivṛttā hriyā |
sadyaḥat once, that same instant — the turn is sudden adverbउसी क्षण, तत्काल
kampa-taraṅgad-aṅga-latikāher vine-like body rippling with a shiver — kampa 'trembling,' taraṅgat 'surging like waves,' aṅga-latikā 'the creeper of her limbs' nom. fem. bahuvrīhi, describes herकाँपने से तरंगित अंग-लता वाली
tiryag-vivṛttāturned aside, swung sideways — she twists away nom. fem. past part.तिरछी मुड़ी हुई
hriyāout of shyness — bashfulness is what makes her turn instr. of causeलज्जा के कारण
sadyaḥ — at once; hriyā — out of shyness; kampa-taraṅgad-aṅga-latikā — her creeper-body rippling with a shiver; tiryag-vivṛttā — turned aside.
उसी क्षण, काँपने से तरंगित अंग-लता वाली (वह), लज्जा के कारण तिरछी मुड़ गई।
Then, all at once, she changes. Her body is a slender vine, and a shiver runs through it like a ripple through water — 'kampa-taraṅgad-aṅga-latikā.' And out of pure shyness (hriyā) she twists aside, turning her body away. She had come forward eager; now, the same moment, shame pulls her sideways.
उसी क्षण उसकी लता-सी देह कंपन से तरंगित हो उठी, और वह लज्जा के मारे तिरछी मुड़ गई।
aṅga-latikā ('the creeper of her limbs') is the stock image of a slender female body; here it lets the shiver be pictured as a wave running down a vine.
L3other
bhūyaḥ snigdha-sakhī-girāṁ parimalais talpāntam āseduṣī
bhūyaḥagain, a second time — after turning away, she comes back adverbफिर, पुनः
snigdha-sakhī-girāṁof the words of her loving friends — snigdha 'affectionate,' sakhī 'girlfriends,' girām 'of their words' gen. pl., feeds parimalaiḥस्नेहमयी सखियों के वचनों के
parimalaiḥby the fragrances — the coaxing words work on her like sweet scents instr. of meansसुगंधों के द्वारा
talpāntamto the edge of the bed — talpa 'couch,' anta 'the near side, the edge' acc. of goalशय्या के छोर तक
āseduṣīhaving reached, having come up to nom. fem. perf. active part. of ā-sadपहुँची हुई
bhūyaḥ — again; snigdha-sakhī-girāṁ parimalaiḥ — by the fragrances of her loving friends' words; talpāntam āseduṣī — having reached the edge of the bed.
फिर, स्नेहमयी सखियों के वचनों की सुगंधों के द्वारा शय्या के छोर तक पहुँची हुई…
But she does not leave. Again ('bhūyaḥ') she is drawn back — this time by the 'fragrances' of her affectionate friends' words. The coaxing of the sakhīs works on her the way a scent draws you: she cannot resist it. And so she comes all the way up to the very edge of the bed. Watch the word 'parimala,' fragrance — Viśvanātha will build a whole flower-and-bee picture out of it.
फिर स्नेहमयी सखियों के वचनों की सुगंध से (आकृष्ट होकर) वह शय्या के समीप जा पहुँची।
girāṁ parimalaiḥ literally 'by the fragrances of [their] words' — a bold phrase, since words have no smell; that oddity is exactly the hook the commentary picks up.
L4other
svāntaṁ hanta jahāra hāri-hariṇī-netrā mama śyāmalā
svāntaṁmy heart, my very mind — sva-anta, one's own inmost self acc., object of jahāra(मेरे) मन को
hantaah! — a cry of wonder, Kṛṣṇa marveling at himself being robbed exclamationहा! अहो!
jahārashe stole, she carried it clean away perf. of hṛ; main verbहर लिया, चुरा लिया
hāri-hariṇī-netrāshe with the captivating doe's eyes — hāri 'stealing, charming,' hariṇī 'doe,' netrā 'eyed' nom. fem., describes Śyāmalāमनोहर हरिणी-सी आँखों वाली
mamamy — the heart is his gen.मेरे
śyāmalāŚyāmalā, the dark-hued girl — the heroine, subject of the whole verse nom., subjectश्यामला (ने)
hanta — ah!; hāri-hariṇī-netrā śyāmalā — dark Śyāmalā with her captivating doe-eyes; mama svāntaṁ — my heart; jahāra — stole away.
हा! मनोहर मृगनयनी श्यामला ने मेरे मन को हर लिया।
Now the point of it all. 'Ah!' — he can only exclaim, 'hanta' — that dark girl Śyāmalā, with eyes like a charming doe's, stole my heart clean away. Everything before this was the story of how she came, turned back, was coaxed forward; this last line says what it did to him. The whole verse is Kṛṣṇa confessing to Subala that he has been robbed.
अहो! मृगनयनी मनोहर श्यामला ने मेरे मन को चुरा लिया।
hariṇī-netrā ('doe-eyed') is the classic simile for a beautiful woman's soft, darting glance; hāri does double duty — 'lovely' and, literally, 'stealing,' which chimes with jahāra 'she stole.'
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1definition
sa-vrīḍo rate ramaṇa-viṣaye prasanno yasyāḥ sā |
sa-vrīḍaḥshy, laced with bashfulness — the willingness comes with shame nom., predicate inside the bahuvrīhiलज्जा-सहित (होते हुए भी)
rate ramaṇa-viṣayein love-making, that is, in the matter of the lover — Viśvanātha glosses rati as 'the business of union with the beloved' loc.; ramaṇa-viṣaye restates rateरति में — अर्थात् रमण (प्रियतम) के विषय में
prasannaḥwilling, favorably inclined — she says yes nom., predicateप्रसन्न
yasyāḥ sāshe in whom this is so — [that is the heroine meant] bahuvrīhi resolutionजिसका (ऐसा भाव हो), वह
rate ramaṇa-viṣaye — in love-making with the beloved; sa-vrīḍaḥ prasannaḥ yasyāḥ — she whose willingness is bashful; sā — that is she.
लज्जा-सहित होते हुए भी रति में — अर्थात् रमण के विषय में — जो प्रसन्न है, वह।
First Viśvanātha unpacks the label the editor gave this verse — the heroine 'bashfully willing in love.' He reads it out as a bahuvrīhi: rati, he says, means the matter of union with her lover; and in that she is 'prasanna,' willing — but 'sa-vrīḍa,' with shyness folded in. So the type being illustrated is the girl who consents to love, yet whose consent is shot through with shame. The verse to come will show exactly that mix.
जो लज्जा-सहित होकर भी रति में, अर्थात् अपने प्रियतम के विषय में, प्रसन्न रहती है — वह (यहाँ अभिप्रेत है)।
rati here is glossed ramaṇa-viṣaya, 'the affair of the lover' — i.e. love-union, not the technical rati (the stable emotion of a rasa). The whole point of the type is the coexistence of willingness and shame.
s2avataranika
śrī-kṛṣṇaḥ prātaḥ subalam āha—dvi-treti |
śrī-kṛṣṇaḥŚrī Kṛṣṇa — the speaker of the verse nom., subjectश्रीकृष्ण (ने)
prātaḥin the morning — the next day, recalling the night adverb of timeप्रातःकाल
subalam āhasays to Subala — his cowherd friend and confidant acc. + main verbसुबल से कहा
dvi-tra itithe verse beginning 'dvi-tra...' (dvitrāṇy etya) iti citing the pratīka'द्वि-त्र…' इत्यादि (यह पद उद्धृत करके)
śrī-kṛṣṇaḥ prātaḥ — Kṛṣṇa, in the morning; subalam āha — speaks to Subala; dvi-tra iti — the verse 'dvitrāṇi...'.
श्रीकृष्ण ने प्रातःकाल सुबल से 'द्वित्र…' इत्यादि कहा।
Viśvanātha sets the scene. It is morning, and Kṛṣṇa is speaking to his friend Subala — telling him the 'dvitrāṇi' verse. So the whole verse is not narration by the poet but Kṛṣṇa's own confession to a friend, the morning after, of how the girl overcame him. That framing colors every line: this is a lover recounting his own defeat.
श्रीकृष्ण प्रातःकाल सुबल से यह ('द्वित्राणि…') श्लोक कहते हैं।
Subala is Kṛṣṇa's intimate cowherd friend (priya-sakhā); a hero confiding his love to such a friend is a standard frame in this literature.
s3gloss
vilāsonmukhī suratābhilāṣiṇīty autsukyāśleṣeṇa vilāsa-nāmālaṅkāreṇotkṛṣṭaṁ sundaraṁ mukhaṁ yasyāḥ sā |
vilāsa-unmukhī suratābhilāṣiṇī iti'vilāsonmukhī' means 'longing for love-union' — the first, plain reading iti closes the paraphrase'विलासोन्मुखी' अर्थात् 'सुरत (रति-क्रीड़ा) की अभिलाषिणी' — यह
autsukya-āśleṣeṇataking it by the pun on 'eagerness' — unmukhī heard as 'facing toward, keen for' instr., 'by way of'औत्सुक्य (उत्सुकता) के श्लेष के द्वारा
vilāsa-nāma-alaṅkāreṇabut by the ornament actually named vilāsa — vilāsa is one of the natural graces (hāvas) of a woman instr. of means, feeds the second reading'विलास' नामक अलंकार के द्वारा (यह दूसरा अर्थ)
utkṛṣṭaṁ sundaraṁ mukhaṁ yasyāḥ sāshe whose face is heightened and made lovely [by that grace] — reading un-mukhī as 'having an exalted face' bahuvrīhi; the second readingजिसका मुख उत्कृष्ट (उन्नत) और सुंदर हो, वह
vilāsonmukhī — (1) suratābhilāṣiṇī, by the pun on autsukya 'eagerness'; (2) vilāsa-nāma-alaṅkāreṇa utkṛṣṭaṁ sundaraṁ mukhaṁ yasyāḥ sā, 'she whose face is made lovely by the grace called vilāsa.'
'विलासोन्मुखी' = 'सुरत की अभिलाषिणी' — यह औत्सुक्य के श्लेष से (एक अर्थ); तथा 'विलास' नामक अलंकार के द्वारा — जिसका मुख उत्कृष्ट और सुंदर हो, वह (दूसरा अर्थ)।
Here is the śleṣa, and Viśvanātha keeps both meanings live at once. Read one way — splitting it vilāsa + unmukhī, 'facing toward love-play' — it means she was longing for union; this is the pun on 'autsukya,' eagerness. Read the other way, 'vilāsa' is the name of a specific ornament, one of a woman's natural graces, and 'un-mukhī' is 'having a lifted, radiant face': she whose face is made beautiful by the grace called vilāsa. One word, two pictures: the eager girl, and the girl whose face shines with a named charm. Both stand; the poet meant you to hear them together.
'विलासोन्मुखी' का एक अर्थ है 'सुरत की अभिलाषिणी', जो उत्सुकता के श्लेष से निकलता है। और 'विलास' नामक अलंकार के द्वारा दूसरा अर्थ है — जिसका मुख उन्नत और सुंदर हो, वह।
vilāsa is a technical hāva (a spontaneous ornament of beauty in a loving woman — the play of feature and gesture that appears at the sight of the beloved). The śleṣa works because vilāsa is at once an ordinary word ('love-play') and this named grace, so 'vilāsonmukhī' splits two ways.
यहाँ श्लेष है: 'विलासोन्मुखी' को दो प्रकार से पढ़ा गया — (क) विलास+उन्मुखी 'रति-क्रीड़ा के लिए उन्मुख', औत्सुक्य के श्लेष से; और (ख) 'विलास' अलंकार के आश्रय से, उत्+कृष्ट मुख वाली।
s4gloss
kampena taraṅgantī taraṅgāyamāṇāṅga-latikā yasyāḥ sā |
kampena taraṅgantīrippling because of her trembling — the shiver makes her sway like water instr. of cause + pres. part.कंपन के कारण तरंगित होती हुई
taraṅgāyamāṇa-aṅga-latikā yasyāḥ sāshe whose vine-like body behaves like surging waves — taraṅgat glossed as taraṅgāyamāṇa, 'acting like waves' bahuvrīhi resolution of the verse-compoundजिसकी अंग-लता तरंगायमान (लहराती हुई) हो, वह
kampena taraṅgantī — rippling from the trembling; taraṅgāyamāṇa-aṅga-latikā yasyāḥ sā — she whose creeper-body surges like waves.
कंपन के कारण तरंगित होती हुई — जिसकी अंग-लता तरंगायमान हो, वह।
Viśvanātha spells out the verse's compound. Her trembling ('kampa') sets her body rippling; her vine-slender limbs ('aṅga-latikā') move 'taraṅgāyamāṇa' — like waves running across water. He simply turns the verse's 'taraṅgat' (surging) into the plainer 'taraṅgāyamāṇa' (behaving like waves), so we see the physical picture: a shiver traveling down her body like a ripple.
कंपन के कारण जिसकी लता-सी देह लहरा उठे — ऐसी वह।
taraṅgāyamāṇa is a denominative — 'to act like a wave (taraṅga)' — Viśvanātha's homely restatement of the verse's rarer participle taraṅgat.
s5gloss
sadyas tat-kṣaṇa eva kānta-kartṛka-darśanāghāteneva tiryag vivṛtya parāvartita-mukhī pṛṣṭhīkṛta-kāntā vāma-pāṇināvaguṇṭhanam utsārayāmāsety arthaḥ |
sadyaḥ tat-kṣaṇa eva'sadyaḥ' = that very instant — no gap at all gloss of the verse-word'सद्यः' अर्थात् उसी क्षण
kānta-kartṛka-darśana-āghātena ivaas if struck a blow by the lover's gaze — kānta the agent, his looking landing on her like an impact; iva 'as if' instr. + iva, simile of causeमानो प्रियतम के द्वारा किए गए दर्शन के आघात से
tiryag vivṛtya parāvartita-mukhīhaving twisted aside, her face turned away — this is what 'tiryag-vivṛttā' means gerund + resulting stateतिरछी होकर मुख फेर लेने वाली
pṛṣṭhīkṛta-kāntāhaving put her lover behind her — she gives him her back nom. fem. bahuvrīhiप्रियतम को पीठ दे देने वाली
vāma-pāṇinā avaguṇṭhanam utsārayām āsawith her left hand she drew the veil across — hiding her face as she turned instr. + acc. + periphrastic perf.बाएँ हाथ से घूँघट को सरका दिया
iti arthaḥ— that is the sense closes the paraphraseऐसा अर्थ है
sadyaḥ tat-kṣaṇa eva — that very instant; kānta-kartṛka-darśana-āghātena iva — as if struck by the lover's gaze; tiryag vivṛtya parāvartita-mukhī pṛṣṭhīkṛta-kāntā — turning aside, face away, her back to him; vāma-pāṇinā avaguṇṭhanam utsārayām āsa — with her left hand she drew the veil; iti arthaḥ.
'सद्यः' = उसी क्षण; मानो प्रियतम के दर्शन के आघात से तिरछी होकर मुख फेरकर, प्रियतम को पीठ देकर, बाएँ हाथ से घूँघट सरका दिया — ऐसा अर्थ है।
Now Viśvanātha stages the turn as a whole action. 'Sadyaḥ' — that very instant, he says. It was as if his gaze fell on her like a blow ('darśana-āghāta') — the moment his eyes met her, she recoiled. So she twisted aside, turned her face away, put her back to her lover, and with her left hand drew her veil across. He has read the single verse-word 'tiryag-vivṛttā' into a small sequence of shy movements. 'That,' he says, 'is the sense.'
'सद्यः' का अर्थ है उसी क्षण। मानो प्रियतम के दर्शन के आघात से वह तिरछी होकर मुख फेर लेती है, प्रियतम को पीठ दे देती है, और बाएँ हाथ से घूँघट सरका देती है — यही अभिप्राय है।
darśana-āghāta ('the blow of [his] looking') is a striking phrase: his mere glance hits her like a physical strike, and shyness makes her flinch away. avaguṇṭhana is the face-veil; utsāraṇa here = drawing/moving it to cover, part of the same shrinking motion.
s6conclusion
evaṁ ca śaṅkā-lajjā-vegautsukyānāṁ sandhiḥ |
evaṁ caand so, on this reading connectiveऔर इस प्रकार
śaṅkā-lajjā-vega-autsukyānāṁof apprehension, shyness, the sudden rush, and eagerness — the four passing feelings crowding her gen. pl., what is being joinedशंका, लज्जा, वेग और औत्सुक्य (उत्सुकता) का
sandhiḥthere is a sandhi — a knot where several transient feelings meet at once nom., the figure identifiedसंधि (भावों का मिलन) है
evaṁ ca — and so; śaṅkā-lajjā-vega-autsukyānāṁ — of apprehension, shyness, the rush, and eagerness; sandhiḥ — there is a meeting-point.
और इस प्रकार शंका, लज्जा, वेग तथा औत्सुक्य की संधि है।
Viśvanātha names what is happening emotionally. In that one instant four transient feelings collide: śaṅkā (fear that they'll be seen), lajjā (shyness), vega (the sudden inner rush), and autsukya (eager longing). When several such passing feelings knot together at one moment, rasa-śāstra calls it a 'sandhi,' a junction. So the verse is not just pretty description — it is a textbook case of a sandhi of transient emotions.
और इस प्रकार यहाँ शंका, लज्जा, वेग और उत्सुकता की संधि (भावों का मिलन) है।
sandhi (in rasa theory) = the meeting or coalescing of two or more sañcāri-bhāvas (transient feelings) in a single moment. Here four are named; the point is that eagerness and shame, fear and impulse, are all present at once.
s7gloss
tataś ca bhūya ity anena snigdhety anena ca girām iti parimalair iti bahu-vacanābhyāṁ ca tasyā ānayanārthaṁ sakhī-vinaya-praṇaya-śrī-kṛṣṇokta-cāṭu-kathana-gamanāgamana-sāma-dānābhyupāyā vyañjitāḥ |
tataś ca bhūya iti anenaand then, by the word 'bhūyaḥ' (again) instr., 'by means of this word'और इसके पश्चात्, 'भूयः' इस शब्द के द्वारा
snigdha iti anena caand by the word 'snigdha' (affectionate) instr.और 'स्निग्ध' इस शब्द के द्वारा
girām iti parimalaiḥ iti bahu-vacanābhyāṁ caand by the two plurals 'girām' (words) and 'parimalaiḥ' (fragrances) instr. dual, 'by the two plural forms'तथा 'गिराम्' और 'परिमलैः' — इन दो बहुवचन रूपों के द्वारा
tasyā ānayana-arthaṁfor the purpose of bringing her [back] acc. of purposeउस (नायिका) को ले आने के लिए (किए गए)
sakhī-vinaya-praṇaya-śrī-kṛṣṇokta-cāṭu-kathana-gamanāgamana-sāma-dāna-abhyupāyāḥthe friends' whole toolkit — their coaxing, their affection, their repeating of Kṛṣṇa's sweet words, their to-and-fro trips, their soothing and gifts nom. pl., the many upāyas listedसखी की विनय, प्रणय, श्रीकृष्ण-कथित चाटु-वचनों का कथन, आना-जाना, साम और दान — ये उपाय
vyañjitāḥare hinted, made to suggest themselves — carried by dhvani, not stated nom. pl. past part.व्यंजित (सूचित) किए गए हैं
bhūyaḥ iti anena, snigdha iti anena, girām iti parimalaiḥ iti bahu-vacanābhyāṁ ca — by 'again,' by 'affectionate,' and by the two plurals 'words' and 'fragrances'; tasyā ānayana-arthaṁ sakhī-...-abhyupāyāḥ — the friends' many means of bringing her back; vyañjitāḥ — are suggested.
और 'भूयः' शब्द से, 'स्निग्ध' शब्द से, तथा 'गिराम्' व 'परिमलैः' — इन दो बहुवचनों से — उस नायिका को ले आने के लिए (किए गए) सखी की विनय, प्रणय, श्रीकृष्ण-कथित चाटु-वचनों का कथन, आना-जाना, साम और दान — ये उपाय व्यंजित होते हैं।
Viśvanātha now reads L3 as loaded with suggestion. Each word does hidden work. 'Bhūyaḥ' (again) tells you she had left and had to be won a second time. 'Snigdha' (affectionate) shows the friends love her. And the two plurals — 'girām' (words) and 'parimalaiḥ' (fragrances) — signal that there were many of them, many words, many efforts. From all this the poet suggests, without saying it, everything the friends did to bring her back: their coaxing and humility, their affection, their reporting of the sweet things Kṛṣṇa had said, their running back and forth, their gentle talk and little gifts. None of that is stated; it is all 'vyañjita,' suggested.
'भूयः', 'स्निग्ध', तथा 'गिराम्' और 'परिमलैः' — इन दो बहुवचन रूपों से यह व्यंजित होता है कि नायिका को ले आने के लिए सखी ने विनय, प्रणय, श्रीकृष्ण के चाटु-वचनों का कथन, बार-बार आना-जाना, तथा साम और दान — ये उपाय किए।
sāma and dāna are two of the four classical upāyas (stratagems) from nīti-śāstra — conciliation and gift-giving (the others being bheda and daṇḍa). The friends use the soft two. vyañjanā (suggestion) is the technical power of dhvani by which a word conveys more than it says.
s8gloss
atra parimalair ity anena girāṁ puṣpa-mañjarītvam |
atra parimalaiḥ iti anenahere, by the word 'parimalaiḥ' (fragrances) instr., 'by means of this word'यहाँ 'परिमलैः' इस शब्द के द्वारा
girāṁ puṣpa-mañjarītvamthe words are made into flower-clusters — since only flowers have fragrance, the 'words' become blossoms nom.; -tva 'being made X'वचनों का पुष्प-मंजरी होना (दर्शाया गया)
atra parimalaiḥ iti anena — here by 'fragrances'; girāṁ puṣpa-mañjarītvam — the words become flower-blossoms.
यहाँ 'परिमलैः' शब्द से वचनों का पुष्प-मंजरीत्व (दर्शाया गया)।
Now Viśvanātha starts building a picture out of that odd phrase 'fragrances of words.' Since fragrance belongs to flowers, the word 'parimalaiḥ' quietly turns the friends' words into flower-clusters ('puṣpa-mañjarī'). The words are blossoms. This is the first piece of an extended metaphor he is about to assemble.
यहाँ 'परिमलैः' शब्द से (सखियों के) वचनों को पुष्प-मंजरी के रूप में दर्शाया गया है।
puṣpa-mañjarī = a cluster or spray of flowers. The metaphor is triggered entirely by 'parimala' (fragrance): a word cannot literally smell, so the words must be flowers.
s9gloss
snigdha-sakhīnāṁ komala-vallītvam |
snigdha-sakhīnāṁ komala-vallītvamthe affectionate friends become soft creepers — vallī, the vines on which such blossoms grow gen. + nom.; -tva 'being made X'स्नेहमयी सखियों का कोमल-लता होना (दर्शाया गया)
snigdha-sakhīnāṁ komala-vallītvam — the loving friends [become] tender creepers.
स्नेहमयी सखियों का कोमल-वल्लीत्व (दर्शाया गया)।
The picture grows. If the words are flowers, then the affectionate friends who speak them become the tender creepers ('komala-vallī') on which flowers grow. So: the sakhīs are vines, and their words are the blossoms on those vines. Viśvanātha is laying the plants of a garden before naming who comes to it.
स्नेहमयी सखियों को कोमल लताओं के रूप में दर्शाया गया है।
vallī = a creeper or flowering vine; the friends supply the words the way a vine bears its flowers, so they are figured as the vines themselves.
s10gloss
tasyā nāyikāyā bhramarītvaṁ śrī-kṛṣṇasya bhramaratvaṁ cānītam |
tasyā nāyikāyā bhramarītvaṁthat heroine is made a she-bee — bhramarī, drawn to the flowers' scent gen. + nom.; -tva 'being made X'उस नायिका का भ्रमरी (मादा भौंरा) होना
śrī-kṛṣṇasya bhramaratvaṁ caand Kṛṣṇa a he-bee — bhramara, the bee that seeks her out gen. + nom., pairedऔर श्रीकृष्ण का भ्रमर (भौंरा) होना
ānītamis brought in, worked into the picture nom. past part.(यह भाव) ले आया / दर्शाया गया है
tasyā nāyikāyā bhramarītvaṁ — the heroine [becomes] a she-bee; śrī-kṛṣṇasya bhramaratvaṁ ca — and Kṛṣṇa a he-bee; ānītam — is brought in.
उस नायिका का भ्रमरीत्व और श्रीकृष्ण का भ्रमरत्व — (यह भाव) दर्शाया गया है।
Now the picture is complete. If the words are flowers and the friends are vines, then the heroine, drawn toward that fragrance, becomes a she-bee ('bhramarī'), and Kṛṣṇa becomes the he-bee ('bhramara'). Viśvanātha says these two bee-identities are 'brought in' — carried in by the same flower-imagery. The whole garden now maps cleanly: friends = vines, their words = blossoms, Śyāmalā = she-bee, Kṛṣṇa = he-bee.
उस नायिका को भ्रमरी और श्रीकृष्ण को भ्रमर के रूप में दर्शाया गया है।
The mapping is the point: vine → friends, flower → their words, fragrance → the sweetness of the coaxing, she-bee → Śyāmalā drawn by it, he-bee → Kṛṣṇa. Bees are pulled irresistibly by scent — which is exactly how the words draw her.
s11gloss
tathā saurabha-lobhenāyāt bhramarī bhramareṇa sambhuktety atiśayokty-aprastuta-praśaṁse ca dhvanite |
tathāand so, on the same imagery connectiveतथा
saurabha-lobhena āyātgreedy for the fragrance, she came — lobha 'greed,' the scent pulls her in instr. of cause + verbसुगंध के लोभ से आई हुई
bhramarī bhramareṇa sambhuktāthe she-bee was enjoyed by the he-bee — the union told wholly in bee-terms nom. + instr. of agent + past part.भ्रमरी भ्रमर के द्वारा भोगी गई (मिलन को प्राप्त हुई)
iti— so runs the suggested line closes the imagined statementइस प्रकार (की उक्ति)
atiśayokti-aprastuta-praśaṁse ca dhvaniteand two figures are sounded out — atiśayokti (the lovers wholly turned into bees) and aprastuta-praśaṁsā (talking of bees to mean them) nom. dual + past part. dual; both 'are suggested'अतिशयोक्ति और अप्रस्तुत-प्रशंसा — ये दोनों (अलंकार) ध्वनित होते हैं
tathā saurabha-lobhena āyāt bhramarī bhramareṇa sambhuktā iti — 'greedy for the scent the she-bee came and was enjoyed by the he-bee'; atiśayokti-aprastuta-praśaṁse ca dhvanite — and both atiśayokti and aprastuta-praśaṁsā are thereby suggested.
तथा 'सुगंध के लोभ से आई भ्रमरी भ्रमर से भोगी गई' — इस (उक्ति) के द्वारा अतिशयोक्ति और अप्रस्तुत-प्रशंसा — ये दोनों अलंकार ध्वनित होते हैं।
Viśvanātha finishes the figure. Read it all in bee-terms and you get: 'Greedy for the fragrance, the she-bee came — and the he-bee enjoyed her.' Because the lovers have been wholly turned into bees, this suggests two figures of speech at once. One is atiśayokti (hyperbole), where the subject is so completely superimposed that Śyāmalā and Kṛṣṇa disappear entirely into 'she-bee' and 'he-bee.' The other is aprastuta-praśaṁsā, where you speak of the off-topic thing (the bees) precisely to convey the real topic (the two lovers). Both are 'dhvanita' — sounded by suggestion, never stated.
तथा 'सुगंध के लोभ से आई हुई भ्रमरी भ्रमर के साथ मिलन को प्राप्त हुई' — इस भाव से अतिशयोक्ति और अप्रस्तुत-प्रशंसा — ये दोनों अलंकार ध्वनित होते हैं।
atiśayokti = hyperbole in which the described is wholly identified with something else (here the lovers become bees outright). aprastuta-praśaṁsā = 'praise of the irrelevant': you describe the un-topical (aprastuta = the bees) in order to point at the topical (prastuta = the lovers). Both are held as suggested, not asserted.
s12avataranika
hāri-hariṇīti |
hāri-hariṇī itithe phrase beginning 'hāri-hariṇī...' — i.e. 'hāri-hariṇī-netrā' of the last line iti citing the pratīka'हारि-हरिणी…' इत्यादि (यह पद उद्धृत करके)
hāri-hariṇī iti — the phrase 'hāri-hariṇī...'.
'हारि-हरिणी…' इत्यादि।
Viśvanātha now flags the last phrase for comment — 'hāri-hariṇī-netrā,' the doe-eyed clause. He simply cites it as the next thing to explain, which he does in the following line.
अब 'हारि-हरिणी…' पद की व्याख्या।
A pratīka: quoting the verse's opening words to mark which phrase the next gloss will handle.
s13gloss
tadānīntana-tādṛśa-netrānta-cāñcalyaṁ ca tasyās tenāsvāditam iti ||
tadānīntana-tādṛśa-netrānta-cāñcalyaṁthe flickering at the corners of her eyes just then, exactly as it was — tadānīntana 'of that moment,' netra-anta 'eye-corner,' cāñcalya 'restlessness' acc., object of āsvāditamउस समय की उस प्रकार की नेत्र-प्रान्त की चंचलता को
caand — on top of everything already said connectiveऔर
tasyāḥher — Śyāmalā's gen.उस (श्यामला) की
tena āsvāditamwas savored by him — Kṛṣṇa tasted it like a flavor instr. of agent + past part.उसके (कृष्ण के) द्वारा आस्वादित किया गया
iti— so ends his comment closes the segmentइस प्रकार (ऐसा अभिप्राय)
tasyāḥ tadānīntana-tādṛśa-netrānta-cāñcalyaṁ ca — and the very flickering of her eye-corners at that moment; tena āsvāditam — was relished by him; iti.
और उस समय की उस प्रकार की नेत्र-प्रान्त-चंचलता को — उस (श्यामला) की — उसने (कृष्ण ने) आस्वादित किया — ऐसा (अभिप्राय)।
Viśvanātha closes on the eyes. 'Hāri-hariṇī-netrā' means: the restless flicker at the corners of her eyes, just as it was in that moment, was 'savored' by Kṛṣṇa — he tasted it like a relish. So the doe-eyed phrase is not mere description; it names the one thing he carried away and is still relishing the morning after. The verse ends where his 'stolen heart' began — with those darting eyes.
और उस समय की वैसी नेत्र-प्रान्तों की चंचलता को उस श्यामला की (उस चंचलता को) कृष्ण ने आस्वादित किया — ऐसा अर्थ है।
netrānta-cāñcalya = the play/restlessness of the eye-corners, the sidelong darting glance; āsvādita ('tasted, relished') frames her glance as something Kṛṣṇa consumed like a flavor — the language of rasa (relish).