Premabase · Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi · Prakaraṇa 3
Show
SanskritHindiEnglish
Study decode
Phrases
Script
IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 3.61
kintu saubhāgya-dhaureyā aṣṭau rādhādayo matāḥ |
yūthādhipātve’py aucityaṁ dadhānā lalitādayaḥ |
sveṣṭa-rādhādi-bhāvasya lobhāt sakhya-ruciṁ dadhuḥ
The verse — decoded
L1definition
kintu saubhāgya-dhaureyā aṣṭau rādhādayo matāḥ |
kintubut — turning from the gopīs at large to the elite fewपरन्तु
saubhāgya-dhaureyāḥwho carry the greatest weight of good fortune dhaureya = the lead ox at the yoke, bearing the heaviest share of the loadसौभाग्य का सबसे बड़ा भार वहन करने वाली
aṣṭaueight [of them]आठ
rādhādayaḥRādhā and the rest, headed by Rādhāराधा आदि (राधा को आदि लेकर आठ)
matāḥare held to beमानी गई हैं
kintu — but; aṣṭau — eight; rādhādayaḥ — headed by Rādhā; saubhāgya-dhaureyāḥ — who carry the greatest weight of good fortune; matāḥ — are held to be.
परन्तु सौभाग्य का सबसे बड़ा भार वहन करने वाली राधा आदि आठ मानी गई हैं।
But eight of them, with Rādhā at the head, are held to bear the greatest weight of good fortune. They are the topmost among all the gopīs.
किन्तु सौभाग्य का सबसे बड़ा भार तो राधा आदि आठ ही वहन करती हैं। वे ही सर्वाधिक सौभाग्यवती मानी गई हैं।
dhaureya (from dhur, the yoke) is the chief draught-bullock harnessed at the front, taking the heaviest part of the load — the image is of the top-ranking bearers of saubhāgya.
धौरेय = जुए में जुता हुआ अग्रणी बैल, जो सबसे भारी बोझ ढोता है; अतः जिन पर सौभाग्य का सबसे बड़ा भार है।
L2definition
yūthādhipātve’py aucityaṁ dadhānā lalitādayaḥ |
yūthādhipātve apieven for leading a group of their own locative: 'in the matter of being a yūtha-leader (yūtheśvarī)'; api = even soयूथ की स्वामिनी (यूथेश्वरी) होने के विषय में भी
aucityaṁthe suitability [to do it]औचित्य (योग्यता)
dadhānāḥthough they possessधारण करती हुई
lalitādayaḥLalitā and the othersललिता आदि
lalitādayaḥ — Lalitā and the rest; yūthādhipātve api — even for leading a group of their own; aucityaṁ dadhānāḥ — though they possess the fitness [for it].
यूथ की स्वामिनी होने के विषय में भी औचित्य (योग्यता) रखती हुई ललिता आदि...
Lalitā and the others are themselves fit to head their own group of gopīs. They have every qualification to be group-leaders (yūtheśvarīs) in their own right.
ललिता आदि में यूथेश्वरी होने की भी योग्यता है। फिर भी...
L3conclusion
sveṣṭa-rādhādi-bhāvasya lobhāt sakhya-ruciṁ dadhuḥ
sveṣṭa-rādhādi-bhāvasyafor the loving mood toward their own beloved Rādhā and the rest sva-iṣṭa = their own cherished one; bhāva = the affectionate moodअपनी इष्ट राधा आदि के भाव का
lobhātout of longing, because they crave it ablative of causeलोभ के कारण
sakhya-ruciṁa taste for being a companion (sakhī)सख्य (सखीभाव) में रुचि
dadhuḥthey took on, adoptedधारण की
sveṣṭa-rādhādi-bhāvasya — for the loving mood toward their own dear Rādhā and the rest; lobhāt — out of longing; sakhya-ruciṁ dadhuḥ — they took on a taste for being companions.
अपनी इष्ट राधा आदि के भाव के लोभ के कारण उन्होंने सख्य में रुचि धारण की।
Yet they crave the loving mood of serving their own dear Rādhā. Out of that longing they set leadership aside and took to being her sakhīs instead. They would rather taste friendship under Rādhā than lead a group of their own.
अपनी प्रिय राधा आदि के प्रति भाव के लोभवश उन्होंने (यूथेश्वरी बनने के बजाय) सखी बनने में रुचि रखी।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
yūthādhipātve’py aucityam ity atra yuktiś ca vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇyāṁ darśitāsti ||
yūthādhipātve’py aucityam ition the words 'fit even for group-leadership' pratīka — quoting mūla L2'यूथाधिपत्वेऽप्यौचित्यम्' — यह पद
atraon this pointइस विषय में
yuktiḥ cathe reasoning behind it too ca = as wellऔर युक्ति (तर्क) भी
vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇyāṁin the Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī locative: Jīva's own commentary on the Bhāgavataवैष्णव-तोषणी में
darśitā astihas already been shownदिखाई गई है
yūthādhipātve’py aucityam iti atra — as for 'fit even for group-leadership' here; yuktiḥ ca — the reasoning as well; vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇyāṁ darśitā asti — has been shown in the Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī.
'यूथाधिपत्वेऽप्यौचित्यम्' — इस विषय में युक्ति भी वैष्णव-तोषणी में दिखाई गई है।
As for the phrase 'fit even for group-leadership,' the argument for it has already been laid out. Jīva points the reader to his own Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī, where he demonstrated it. He does not repeat it here.
'यूथाधिपत्वेऽप्यौचित्यम्' — इस पद के विषय में इसका तर्क भी वैष्णव-तोषणी में दर्शाया गया है।
Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī is Jīva Gosvāmī's commentary on the Bhāgavata; this segment is a cross-reference to his fuller treatment there, not a fresh argument.
वैष्णव-तोषणी = जीव गोस्वामी की श्रीमद्भागवत पर टीका।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
saubhāgya-dhaureyāh saubhāgya-bhāravatyaḥ |
saubhāgya-dhaureyāḥ[the mūla word] 'foremost in good fortune' pratīka'सौभाग्य-धौरेयाः' — यह पद
saubhāgya-bhāravatyaḥmeans: the women who bear the whole load of good fortuneसौभाग्य के भार को धारण करने वाली
saubhāgya-dhaureyāḥ — 'foremost in good fortune' [means] saubhāgya-bhāravatyaḥ — those who carry the full weight of good fortune.
'सौभाग्य-धौरेयाः' अर्थात् सौभाग्य के भार को धारण करने वाली।
Viśvanātha unpacks 'saubhāgya-dhaureyā.' A dhaureya is the lead ox that carries the yoke's whole burden. So these gopīs are the ones who bear the entire weight of good fortune.
'सौभाग्य-धौरेयाः' का अर्थ है — सौभाग्य का भार वहन करने वाली।
He glosses the metaphor dhaureya ('lead bearer') plainly with bhāravatī ('one who carries the load') — same image, spelled out: the top-ranking bearers of saubhāgya.
s2gloss
aucityaṁ yogyatāṁ sveṣām abhiṣṭo’bhilāṣa-viṣayībhūto yo rādhādīnāṁ bhāvaḥ prītis tasya lobhāt yūthādhipātve śrī-rādhādy-abhisāra-kāle tatra sva-sthity-abhāvena tat-sukha-dānāsiddheḥ ||
aucityaṁ[the mūla word] 'suitability' pratīka'औचित्यम्' — यह पद
yogyatāṁmeans fitness, being deserving of itअर्थात् योग्यता
sveṣām abhīṣṭaḥcherished by them, dear to their own hearts text prints abhiṣṭo for abhīṣṭaḥअपना अभीष्ट (जो उनका प्रिय है)
abhilāṣa-viṣayī-bhūtaḥhaving become the very object of their longingअभिलाषा का विषय बना हुआ
yaḥ rādhādīnāṁ bhāvaḥthe loving mood directed toward Rādhā and the restजो राधा आदि का भाव
prītiḥthat is, their love [for her] apposition spelling out what bhāva meansअर्थात् प्रीति
tasya lobhātout of longing for that [mood] ablative of causeउसके लोभ के कारण
yūthādhipātveas for their being a group-leader locative: the case being explainedयूथाधिपत्व के विषय में
śrī-rādhādy-abhisāra-kāleat the hour of Śrī Rādhā's and the others' tryst-journey (abhisāra)श्री राधा आदि के अभिसार के समय
tatrathere, at that trystवहाँ
sva-sthiti-abhāvenabecause they would have no place of their own there instrumental of causeअपनी स्थिति का अभाव होने के कारण
tat-sukha-dāna-asiddheḥsince then giving Rādhā that pleasure could not be pulled off ablative of reasonउन्हें सुख देना सिद्ध न होने के कारण
aucityaṁ — 'suitability' [means] yogyatāṁ — fitness; yaḥ rādhādīnāṁ bhāvaḥ — the loving mood toward Rādhā and the rest, prītiḥ — namely love, sveṣām abhīṣṭaḥ abhilāṣa-viṣayī-bhūtaḥ — cherished by them and become the object of their longing; tasya lobhāt — out of craving for that; [and as for] yūthādhipātve — being a group-leader: śrī-rādhādy-abhisāra-kāle — at the hour of Rādhā's tryst, tatra sva-sthiti-abhāvena — because they would have no place of their own there, tat-sukha-dāna-asiddheḥ — Rādhā's pleasure could not be served.
'औचित्यम्' अर्थात् योग्यता। अपना अभीष्ट, अभिलाषा का विषय बना हुआ, जो राधा आदि का भाव अर्थात् प्रीति है — उसके लोभ के कारण। यूथाधिपत्व के विषय में — अर्थात् श्री राधा आदि के अभिसार के समय — वहाँ अपनी स्थिति का अभाव होने से उन्हें सुख देना सिद्ध न होने के कारण।
Viśvanātha reads 'aucityaṁ' as fitness. Then he spells out what they long for: the loving mood toward their own dear Rādhā — that is, their love for her, the very thing their hearts want most. Out of craving for that mood they choose friendship. And here is why leadership would not fit: if each were off leading her own group, then at the hour of Rādhā's abhisāra — her secret journey to meet Kṛṣṇa — they would have no place at her side. With no place there, they could not give Rādhā that pleasure. So being a yūtheśvarī in one's own right would actually defeat the very thing they want.
'औचित्य' का अर्थ है योग्यता। अपनी इष्ट राधा आदि का भाव अर्थात् प्रीति — जो उनका अभीष्ट है और अभिलाषा का विषय बनी हुई है — उसका उन्हें ऐसा लोभ है। यूथाधिपत्व के विषय में, अर्थात् श्री राधा आदि के अभिसार के समय, वहाँ अपनी स्थिति न रह पाने के कारण राधा को सुख देना सिद्ध नहीं होता।
abhisāra (rasa-śāstra) is the heroine's stealthy journey to a rendezvous with her beloved; here it is Rādhā's going to meet Kṛṣṇa. The printed abhiṣṭo stands for abhīṣṭaḥ ('cherished, longed-for').
तर्क यह है: यदि ये स्वयं यूथ की स्वामिनी हों तो राधा के अभिसार-समय वहाँ इनकी अपनी उपस्थिति न रहती, और तब राधा को सुख देना सिद्ध न होता; इसीलिए ये सख्य चुनती हैं।