उत्तरकृदन्तप्रकरणम्

Covers SK 3169–3386 (218 sūtras): all present (written in two parts, each coverage-checked by script: 3169–3271, 3272–3386).

Part I covers SK 3169–3271: uṇādayo bahulam and the future-sense affixes, tumun and ṇvul for a purpose, and the bhāva / non-agent kāraka affixes ghañ, ac and ap with their exceptions, ending with ktri, athuc, naṅ, nan and ki. Part II covers SK 3272–3386: the feminine action nouns from striyāṃ ktin, lyuṭ and the neuter, gha, khal and yuc, ṇini, the kṛtyas and ktic, ktvā and lyap, and ṇamul and khamuñ, to the close of the uttarārdha. Our Bālamanoramā layer is empty for p69: BM is cited from the printed SK+BM (Wikisource uttara-4) as "not in our source".

uttarakṛdantaprakaraṇam — outline (p69, SK 3169–3386, all 218 sūtras)

Part I — SK 3169–3271: uṇādi words and their times and kārakas; tumun and ṇvul for a purpose; ghañ, ac and ap in bhāva and the non-agent kārakas, with their exceptions; ktri, athuc, naṅ, nan, ki

Covers SK 3169–3271 (103 sūtras): all present.

• The Aṣṭādhyāyī spine and where the SK moves rules. The run is 3.3.1–3.3.93, taken in order, with these departures:
• Gaps. 3.3.4–9 (laṭ/liṅ with yāvat, purā, kadā…) were taught with the lakāra senses (SK 2783–2788). 3.3.13–15 (lṛṭ, sat, luṭ) were taught in the tiṅanta (SK 2193, 3107, 2185).
• Pulled forward. The uṇādi kāraka rules 3.4.73–75 (3172–3174) come straight after 3.3.1–3. The tumun rules 3.3.158, 3.4.65, 3.4.66 and 3.3.167 (3176–3179) come after tumunṇvulau… (3.3.10).
• Book 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 rules placed where a form needs them: 6.1.47 (3185, ā in sphāra); 6.4.27–29 (3187–3189, n-loss before ghañ); 8.3.86 (3193, abhiniṣṭāna); 8.3.94 (3206, viṣṭāra); 5.4.14 and 7.3.6 (3216–3217, the taddhita añ after ṇac and the bar on aic); 5.4.15 (3219, aṇ after inuṇ); 8.3.93 (3233, viṣṭara); 2.4.38 (3236, ghasḷ for ad); 8.2.22 (3262, l for the r of pari).
• AS-refs. All 103 are checked against references/ashtadhyayi/sutraani-data.json, by SK number and by sūtra text, and all match. So does every SK cross-reference cited below.
• The headings, and what is "supplied" rather than "carried forward."
• bhaviṣyati (3171) runs through 3181. kriyāyāṃ kriyārthāyām (3175) runs into 3180–3181 and stops after 3181. The kaumudī says at 3182 that "bhaviṣyati has ceased."
• ghañ is the heading from 3182 to just before erac (3231) (BM).
• bhāve (3184) and akartari ca kārake (3186) are both headings. The kaumudī says at 3187 that both run on as far as kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (SK 2841), so they cover the rest of Part I from 3184 on and run into Part II as far as the rules before 3.3.113. Exceptions: 3215 (ṇac) and 3266 (ktri) take bhāve alone (BM).
• The agent sense in 3182–3183. It is the standing default of kartari kṛt (SK 2832; BM "kartari ity eva"). It is not an anuvṛtti, since 3.4.67 comes after 3.3.16 (audit W02).
• ap is enjoined at ṛdorap (3232) and runs through 3234–3264. Where BM only says "ap syāt iti śeṣaḥ", naming 3232 as its source is the translator's identification (audits W06, W07). The same holds for ghañ ← 3182 in 3195–3209 and grah ← 3220 in 3221: this outline says "supplied" there.
• Print readings followed (NSP 1915, scan-confirmed; collation batch01–02 and audits W01–W08):
• 3169: the heading "atha uttarakṛdantam 66", missing from ours, is supplied in brackets; pratyayāś ca (ours pratyayāś cayāś ca).
• 3172 saṃpradāne kārake. 3183 iti sāraḥ, rudhirādikam. 3195 anupasarge. 3224 uddrāvaḥ. 3233 straḥ (ours sraḥ; audit W05, not in the collation). 3246 utpūrvaś ca, udājaḥ. 3265 hanyante.
• The print numbers and orders 3186–3189 differently: 3186 syado jave, 3187 avodaidhaudma…, 3188 akartari…, 3189 ghañi ca…. Ours follows Wikisource, and the owner kept it. The cross-ref inside sk3187 is rendered "(SK 3186)".
• Class V/C, ours kept: 3172 daśanti (glossed "give"); 3190 jarayanti (print jārayanti); 3191 and 3201 ṝ (C); 3200 unyoḥ; 3234 caknasaḥ (unresolved on the scan); 3264 udghaḥ given for ours uddhaḥ (C); 3266 "[there is no] analysis" supplied with BM and Wikisource.
• Where TB and BM lie (only the kaumudī is translated, SK-TRANSLATE §25):
• BM. Our Bālamanoramā layer is empty for this range. BM is read from Wikisource uttara-4/0021–0043 and cited "not in our source". Wikisource has no BM on 3172–3174, 3193, 3233 or 3252.
• TB filed under a neighbour:
• 3169: the tail of sk.90748.t1 (p68).
• 3173–3174: sk.3171.t1. 3179–3181: tail of sk.3178.t1. 3185: tail of sk.3184.t1.
• 3187's "prāyikam": sk.3189.t1. 3191: tail of sk.3190.t1, running on into sk.3191.t1, which also carries 3192 and 3195.
• 3209–3211 and 3213: tail of sk.3207.t1. 3217: sk.3216.t1.
• 3229–3244: sk.3228.t1. 3266: sk.3264.t1.
• No TB in print on 3172, 3186, 3188, 3193, 3194, 3196–3201, 3203, 3204, 3206, 3208, 3212, 3222, 3224–3227, 3235, 3237, 3240, 3243, 3246, 3247, 3249–3252, 3254, 3255, 3257–3263, 3265, 3267, 3269, 3271.
• Audit corrections followed (W01–W08: no MUST-FIX, all MINOR; applied here even where the en.yml may not yet carry them):
• 3171 and 3173: the forms are nipātita. On gamī, BM has ṇini, with the ṇ's effect cancelled by nipātana; TB has the uṇādi ini. On 3173, TB derives praskandana and prarakṣa with lyuṭ and ac, not with uṇādi affixes.
• 3190: parimāṇa is a measure of what the affix denotes (BM, TB). BM and TB give different reasons for sarva-.
• 3191: BM's gloss is akartari kārake only.
• 3200: graḥ is a fifth-case word.
• 3205: vi comes from 3204. 3206: BM's mention of 8.3.93 (SK 3233) gives the source of "vi + stṛ + ghañ".
• 3232: TB's ṛ ca uc ca, not ṛt + u.
• 3247: glaha is the stake in gaming, not "dice".
• 3256: the prakoṣṭhas are oblong platforms; the ṇ of praghāṇa (only) needs the nipātana.
• 3259: "according to some, drughaṇaḥ" is a view, not a variant reading; ayoghana is "that with which iron is struck".
• 3266: TB contrasts pākena with pakvena (the kta-form), and so supports bhāva-only. Only BM supports the negative "no analysis with the ktri-form".
• Where Part I ends. At 3271 karmaṇy adhikaraṇe ca (3.3.93), ki in the locus sense (jaladhiḥ). Part II opens with striyāṃ ktin (3.3.94, SK 3272), whose kaumudī ("ajapau tu paratvād bādhate") turns back to the ac and ap of this part.

I.A. Uṇādi words: their time and their kāraka — running example: tataḥ 'sau bhavati → tan + tun (agent) → tantuḥ; vṛttaṃ tat → vṛt + manin (karman) → vartma

• 3169 uṇādayo bahulam 3.3.1 — the uṇādi affixes come variously (bahulam) in the present and in names. The present comes from vartamāne laṭ (SK 2151) and names from puvaḥ saṃjñāyām (SK 3166). TB adds that dhātoḥ, pratyayaḥ and kṛd atiṅ continue, which makes the uṇādis kṛt affixes after a dhātu, in the agent sense by default (SK 2832). Some affixes are not taught at all and must be inferred. The Bhāṣya verse: in names, infer the root and the affix, and know the anubandha from what it does. TB's examples: ulac taught after hṛṣ also gives śaṅkulā; untaught phiḍa/phiḍḍa give ṛphiḍaḥ. The heading "atha uttarakṛdantam" is supplied from the print.
• 3170 bhūte 'pi dṛśyante 3.3.2 — the uṇādis are also seen in the past. There is no kaumudī in ours, the print or Wikisource. TB: 3170–3171 show that the uṇādis come mostly in the present and only occasionally in the past or future.
• 3171 bhaviṣyati gamyādayaḥ 3.3.3 — gamī and the rest are nipātita in the future (audit W01). gamiṣyati → gamī grāmam, āgāmī. TB: gam + uṇādi ini, ṇit after āṅ, so āgāmī has vṛddhi. BM: ṇini, with no ṇ-effect in gamī by nipātana (prasthāyī). There is no kaumudī.
• 3172 dāśagoghnau sampradāne 3.4.73 — dāśa and goghna are nipātita in the recipient sense. daśanti tasmai → dāśaḥ ("they give to him"); gāṃ hanti tasmai → goghno 'tithiḥ ("a guest for whom a cow is killed").
• 3173 bhīmādayo 'pādāne 3.4.74 — bhīma and the rest are nipātita in the source sense: bhīmaḥ, bhīṣmaḥ, praskandanaḥ, prarakṣaḥ, mūrkhaḥ, khalatiḥ. TB analyses each with "asmāt". bhīṣma and mūrkha are uṇādi forms (uṇādi 145, 700); praskandana takes lyuṭ in the apādāna, and prarakṣa the pacādi ac.
• 3174 tābhyām anyatroṇādayaḥ 3.4.75 — in kārakas other than those two, the uṇādis come. "tābhyām" is there to take in the recipient as well as the source (TB). Examples: tan + tun → tantuḥ (agent: "it becomes extended"); vṛt + manin → vartma (karman: "it is traversed"); carma (karman).

I.B. tumun and ṇvul for a purpose, tumun with other upapadas, and the bhāva affixes and aṇ in the purposive future — running example: dṛś + tumun → (am augment: dra-ś; ś → ṣ, t → ṭ) draṣṭum: kṛṣṇaṃ draṣṭuṃ yāti; dṛś + ṇvul → (vu → aka, guṇa) darśakaḥ: kṛṣṇaṃ darśako yāti

• 3175 tumunṇvulau kriyāyāṃ kriyārthāyām 3.3.10 — when a word for an action whose purpose is another action stands as upapada, tumun and ṇvul come in the future sense (from 3171). Here yāti is the upapada; dṛś takes the affix. tumun ends in m, so the form is an avyaya by kṛn mejantaḥ (SK 449): draṣṭum. ṇvul gives darśakaḥ.
• Because ṇvul is stated again, tṛc and the rest do not come by vāsarūpa (SK 2830).
• BM and TB: tumun is in bhāva (avyayakṛto bhāve), ṇvul is in the agent sense. There is no sixth case by SK 627 or 628.
• 3176 samānakartṛkeṣu tumun 3.3.158 — tumun with an upapada meaning desire (from icchārtheṣu, SK 2814; BM) that has the same agent, even though the desire is not "for the sake of" the action. icchati bhoktum, likewise vaṣṭi / vāñchati bhoktum.
• 3177 śakadhṛṣajñāglāghaṭarabhalabhakramasahārhāstyartheṣu tumun 3.4.65 — tumun with śak, dhṛṣ, jñā, glā, ghaṭ, rabh, labh, kram, sah, arh or a word meaning "is" as upapada: śaknoti bhoktum, dhṛṣṇoti bhoktum. "artha" goes with asti alone: asti / bhavati / vidyate bhoktum.
• 3178 paryāptivacaneṣv alamartheṣu 3.4.66 — tumun (supplied from 3177) with words of completeness in the sense of capability: paryāpto bhoktum, pravīṇaḥ / kuśalaḥ / paṭuḥ bhoktum. Not with alam meaning "enough" (alaṃ bhuktvā), nor where abundance is meant (paryāptaṃ bhuṅkte).
• 3179 kālasamayavelāsu tumun 3.3.167 — tumun with words meaning time, in the senses praiṣa and the rest (carried from SK 2817, as the kaumudī says). The synonyms stand for the meaning, so anehā bhoktum counts too: kālaḥ / samayaḥ / velā bhoktum. There is no tumun in a mere report: bhūtāni kālaḥ pacati.
• 3180 bhāvavacanāś ca 3.3.11 — the bhāva affixes (ghañ etc., under bhāve, SK 3184) also come in the purposive future. yāgāya yāti = yaṣṭum. The fourth case is by tumarthāc ca bhāvavacanāt (SK 582) (BM, TB). BM: ktalyuṭtumunkhalartheṣu vāsarūpavidhir nāsti, so the sūtra is needed.
• 3181 aṇ karmaṇi ca 3.3.12 — with a karman upapada as well as the purposive action, aṇ comes, as an exception to ṇvul: kāṇḍa + lū + aṇ → (vṛddhi, āv) kāṇḍalāvo vrajati. Because it is later (paratva), it blocks ka (āto 'nupasarge kaḥ, SK 2915): kambala + dā + aṇ → (yuk) kambaladāyo vrajati. BM: a pratiprasava of karmaṇy aṇ (SK 2913), and also a fresh rule.

I.C. ghañ: the agent-sense nouns, then the bhāva and non-agent headings, and the root changes before ghañ — running example: pad + ghañ → (vṛddhi of the penultimate a) pādaḥ; pac + ghañ → (vṛddhi; c → k, SK 2863) pākaḥ; rañj + ghañ (bhāva) → (n lost) raj-a → rāgaḥ

• 3182 padarujaviśaspṛśo ghañ 3.3.16 — ghañ after pad, ruj, viś and spṛś, in the agent sense (the default of SK 2832: "kartari ity eva", BM). The kaumudī notes that "bhaviṣyati" has ceased. Forms: pādaḥ ("it goes": the instrument spoken of as agent, BM and TB); ruj → (guṇa; j → g) rogaḥ; veśaḥ; sparśaḥ. BM: ghañ is the heading up to just before erac (3231).
• 3183 sṛ sthire 3.3.17 — ghañ after sṛ (fifth case elided) when the agent is enduring: sarati kālāntaram iti sāraḥ (print iti), "the firm core". sthira qualifies the agent and is not an upapada (BM, TB).
• Vārttika: also for disease, fish and strength. atīsāraḥ (the causative sense taken in: it makes blood etc. flow; print rudhirādikam; ati lengthened by SK 1044); visāraḥ (a fish); sāraḥ (strength).
• 3184 bhāve 3.3.18 — heading: ghañ (from 3182) in the sense of the bare action, the dhātu-meaning in its accomplished state (siddhāvasthā). It therefore takes number: pac + ghañ → pākaḥ, dual pākau (BM: "kṛdabhihito bhāvo dravyavat prakāśate"). It runs as far as SK 2841 (kaumudī at 3187).
• 3185 sphuratisphulatyor ghañi 6.1.47 — before ghañ, the ec of sphur and sphul (o, from guṇa) becomes ā: sphur + ghañ → sphor → sphāraḥ, sphālaḥ. The kaumudī adds aṅga and uttarapada rules for ghañ-forms:
• The upasarga is lengthened (SK 1044): parīhāraḥ.
• Before kāśa only an ik-final prādi is lengthened (SK 1045, a niyama): nīkāśaḥ, anūkāśaḥ but prakāśaḥ.
• No vṛddhi after an udātta m-final (SK 2763): śamaḥ. But ācam, kam and vam have it: ācāmaḥ, kāmaḥ, vāmaḥ.
• viśrāma is "not Pāṇinian". TB rescues it via ṇic + ac.
• 3186 akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām 3.3.19 — heading: ghañ also to denote a kāraka other than the agent, in a name. BM: "kārake" names the affix's meaning and is not an upapada. It runs with bhāve to SK 2841 (print no. 3188).
• 3187 ghañi ca bhāvakaraṇayoḥ 6.4.27 — before ghañ in the bhāva or instrument sense, the n of rañj is lost (from rañjeś ca, SK 2397, and SK 415). rañj → raj → (vṛddhi; j → g by SK 2863) rāgaḥ. In the locus sense the n stays: raṅgaḥ (the stage). The kaumudī adds three points:
• prāsaḥ (a dart) illustrates 3186. BM reads it as the instrument, the English as "it is hurled".
• "saṃjñāyām" in 3186 is only prāyika ("as a rule"): ko bhavatā lābho labdhaḥ. TB: the Bhāṣya dispenses with "saṃjñāyām" and relies on anabhidhāna (audit W02). BM: the Bhāṣya keeps it as prāyika.
• From here on bhāve and akartari ca kārake both continue as far as SK 2841.
• 3188 syado jave 6.4.28 — syada "speed" is nipātita: from syand + ghañ, with the n lost and no vṛddhi. In the sense of flowing it is syandaḥ (print no. 3186).
• 3189 avodaidhaudmapraśrathahimaśrathāḥ 6.4.29 — nipātanas with n-loss: ava + und → avodaḥ (wetting); indh → edhaḥ (fuel); und + man → odma (moistening; TB). For praśratha and himaśratha, the n of śranth is lost and there is no vṛddhi (print no. 3187).

I.D. ghañ where ac or ap would come: quantities, iṅ, and roots with set upasargas — running example: upa + adhi + iṅ + ghañ (apādāna) → (vṛddhi ai → āy) upādhyāyaḥ; sam + ru + ghañ → saṃrāvaḥ, against ap in ravaḥ

• 3190 parimāṇākhyāyāṃ sarvebhyaḥ 3.3.20 — ghañ after any root, in a non-agent kāraka, when a measure of what the affix denotes is stated (audit W02). It blocks both ac (3231) and ap (3232).
• Examples: ni + ci + ghañ → ekas taṇḍulanicāyaḥ (not nicaya); dvau śūrpaniṣpāvau; kṝ → dvau kārau.
• Reasons for sarva-: BM says it keeps out only base-conditioned exceptions; TB says it lets ghañ block ap as well as ac.
• Vārttika: dāra and jāra take ghañ in the agent sense, with luk of ṇi. dāri + ghañ → dārāḥ, jāri → jārāḥ. Because the ṇi is lost by luk, it is not sthānivat, so the ghañ-vṛddhi comes (BM, TB).
• 3191 iṅaś ca 3.3.21 — ghañ (supplied, BM) after iṅ (always with adhi), as an exception to ac (3231). BM: in a non-agent kāraka. The example upetya asmād adhīyate → upādhyāyaḥ is apādāna by ākhyātopayoge (SK 592).
• Vārttika: in the apādāna and feminine, with ṅīṣ optional after it: upādhyāyā, upādhyāyī, a woman who herself teaches.
• Vārttika: śṝ for wind, colour and covering, as an exception to ap. śāraḥ "wind" (instrument); śāraḥ "colour" (making variegated). For covering: nivṛtam (kta in the instrument, by bāhulaka); akṛtanīśāraḥ (ni lengthened, SK 1044).
• 3192 upasarge ruvaḥ 3.3.22 — after ru with an upasarga, ghañ: saṃrāvaḥ. Without one, ap: ravaḥ.
• 3193 abhinisaḥ stanaḥ śabdasaṃjñāyām 8.3.86 — after abhinis, the s of stan becomes retroflex (SK 210) when the word names a sound. abhi-nis + stan + ghañ → (s → ṣ; t → ṭ, SK 113; vṛddhi) abhiniṣṭānaḥ, a kind of sound (varṇa). Otherwise: abhiniḥstanati mṛdaṅgaḥ. A tripādī rule, placed here for the ghañ-form.
• 3194 sami yudruduvaḥ 3.3.23 — after yu, dru, du with sam, ghañ: saṃyāvaḥ (a cake of flour mixed with molasses), saṃdrāvaḥ, saṃdāvaḥ.
• 3195 śriṇībhuvo 'nupasarge 3.3.24 — after śri, nī, bhū without an upasarga, ghañ: śrāyaḥ, nāyaḥ, bhāvaḥ. With one: praśrayaḥ, praṇayaḥ, prabhavaḥ (ac/ap). prabhāvo rājñaḥ is a prādi compound (prakṛṣṭo bhāvaḥ). rājño nayaḥ is by bāhulaka. Print anupasarge.
• 3196 vau kṣuśruvaḥ 3.3.25 — after kṣu, śru with vi: vikṣāvaḥ, viśrāvaḥ. Otherwise: kṣavaḥ, śravaḥ.
• 3197 avodor niyaḥ 3.3.26 — after nī with ava or ud: avanāyaḥ, unnāyaḥ. unnayaḥ "conjecture" is by bāhulaka.
• 3198 pre drustusruvaḥ 3.3.27 — after dru, stu, sru with pra: pradrāvaḥ, prastāvaḥ, prasrāvaḥ. Otherwise: dravaḥ, stavaḥ, sravaḥ.
• 3199 nirabhyoḥ pūlvoḥ 3.3.28 — after pū, lū with nir or abhi: niṣpāvaḥ (a grain, "cleansed with winnowing baskets"), abhilāvaḥ. Otherwise: pavaḥ, lavaḥ. TB on 3190's niṣpāva (sk.3190.t1) says ghañ also comes here by 3190, on the strength of sarva-. TB uses this rule as the jñāpaka that ap (3232) also comes after long ū-final roots.
• 3200 unnyor graḥ 3.3.29 — after gṝ with ud or ni: udgāraḥ, nigāraḥ. Otherwise: garaḥ. graḥ is a fifth-case word (audit W03). The print's pratīka unyoḥ is a shared slip.
• 3201 kṝ dhānye 3.3.30 — after kṝ (fifth case elided, BM) with ud or ni, of grain: utkāro nikāro dhānyasya (scattering of grain). Otherwise ap: bhikṣotkaraḥ, puṣpanikaraḥ.

I.E. ghañ in restricted senses after stu, stṛ, grah, nī, iṇ, śī and ci — running example: pra + stṛ + ghañ → (vṛddhi) prastāraḥ, against ap in barhiṣaḥ prastaraḥ; ni + ci + ghañ → (k for the initial c) nikāyaḥ

• 3202 yajñe sami stuvaḥ 3.3.31 — after stu with sam, in sacrifice: saṃstāvaḥ, the place where the Chandogas come together and praise. A locus, so BM and TB call it an exception to lyuṭ. Otherwise: saṃstavaḥ (acquaintance).
• 3203 pre stro 'yajñe 3.3.32 — after stṛ with pra, not in sacrifice (cheda a-yajñe, since yajñe is in context): prastāraḥ. In sacrifice: barhiṣaḥ prastaraḥ (a handful).
• 3204 prathane vāv aśabde 3.3.33 — after stṛ with vi, in the sense of spreading out, when not of speech: paṭasya vistāraḥ. Otherwise: tṛṇavistaraḥ (not spreading out), granthavistaraḥ (speech).
• 3205 chandonāmni ca 3.3.34 — also in the name of a metre ("straḥ" continues; vi from 3204, as BM supplies). viṣṭārapaṅktiḥ: ghañ in the locus sense ("the syllables are spread in it"), then a karmadhāraya. TB reports "some" who drop vi, for prastārapaṅkti.
• 3206 chandonāmni ca 8.3.94 — in the name of a metre, the s of vi + stṛ + ghañ becomes ṣ: hence the ṣ of viṣṭāra in 3205. BM: this overrides the ban of sātpadādyoḥ (SK 2123); the vi + stṛ comes from 8.3.93 (SK 3233).
• 3207 udi grahaḥ 3.3.35 — after grah with ud: udgrāhaḥ. TB: an exception to the ap of 3234.
• 3208 sami muṣṭau 3.3.36 — after grah with sam, of the fist: mallasya saṃgrāhaḥ (a wrestler's grip). Otherwise: dravyasya saṃgrahaḥ.
• 3209 parinyor nīṇor dyūtābhreṣayoḥ 3.3.37 — after nī with pari (in gambling) and iṇ with ni (for propriety), respectively: pariṇāyena śārān hanti; eṣo 'tra nyāyaḥ. Otherwise: pariṇayaḥ (marriage), nyayaḥ (ruin).
• 3210 parāv anupātyaya iṇaḥ 3.3.38 — after iṇ with pari, of a turn coming in due order: pari + i + ghañ → (vṛddhi, āy; yaṇ) tava paryāyaḥ. Otherwise: kālasya paryayaḥ (lapse).
• 3211 vyupayoḥ śeteḥ paryāye 3.3.39 — after śī with vi or upa, of one's turn: tava viśāyaḥ, tava rājopaśāyaḥ. Otherwise: viśayaḥ (doubt), upaśayaḥ. TB: ghañ here sets aside the later inuṇ by punarvidhāna.
• 3212 hastādāne cer asteye 3.3.40 — after ci, of taking by hand (the thing being near), not theft: puṣpapracāyaḥ. Otherwise: phalānāṃ yaṣṭyā pracayaḥ; puṣpapracayaś cauryeṇa.
• 3213 nivāsacitiśarīropasamādhāneṣv ādeś ca kaḥ 3.3.41 — after ci, for an abode, piling, the body or a heap, ghañ, and k for the initial sound (bhāve and akartari ca kārake continue, BM). Upasamādhāna is the root's meaning; the other three qualify the kāraka.
• Examples: kāśīnikāyaḥ; ākāyam agniṃ cinvīta (BM karman, TB locus: kept neutral); kāyaḥ ("bones are piled in it"); gomayanikāyaḥ. Otherwise: cayaḥ.
• "ādeḥ", not "caḥ kaḥ", so that in the yaṅluk form only the first c changes: gomayānāṃ nikecāyaḥ.
• 3214 saṃghe cānauttarādharye 3.3.42 — the same (ghañ after ci, k for c; śeṣa, BM) for a multitude of beings not stacked one on another: bhikṣunikāyaḥ. Otherwise: sūkaranicayaḥ (stacked), jñānakarmasamuccayaḥ (not beings).

I.F. Reciprocity and pervasion: ṇac + añ, inuṇ + aṇ — running example: vi + ava + kruś + ṇac → vyavakrośa → (añ; ādivṛddhi, no aic) vyāvakrośa → (ṅīp) vyāvakrośī; sam + ru + inuṇ → (vṛddhi) saṃrāvin → (aṇ; ādivṛddhi; in kept) sāṃrāviṇam

• 3215 karmavyatihāre ṇac striyām 3.3.43 — when the action is reciprocal, ṇac comes, in the feminine, in bhāva only (kaumudī, TB). BM: akartari ca kārake does not continue. Here kruś with vi + ava takes ṇac: vyavakrośa-.
• 3216 ṇacaḥ striyām añ 5.4.14 — after a ṇac-final, añ in the feminine. It is a svārthika taddhita (BM), so it brings ādivṛddhi and then ṅīp (SK 470). There is no kaumudī; the examples stand under 3217.
• 3217 na karmavyatihāre 7.3.6 — in reciprocity, the aic before y/v of na yvābhyām… (SK 1098) is barred (TB). So plain ādivṛddhi falls on the upasarga (vi → vyā): vyāvakrośī (mutual reviling), vyāvahāsī. BM glosses these as agents; the English gives action nouns, following kaumudī 3215.
• 3218 abhividhau bhāva inuṇ 3.3.44 — when complete pervasion is meant, inuṇ in bhāva: sam + ru + inuṇ → saṃrāvin. There is no kaumudī. TB: "bhāve" is restated so that ghañ and kta do not come by vāsarūpa; lyuṭ also comes, by bāhulaka.
• 3219 aṇ inuṇaḥ 5.4.15 — after an inuṇ-final, svārthika aṇ. This gives ādivṛddhi (SK 1075), and the ṭi of -in is kept by inaṇy anapatye (SK 1245) against SK 679: sāṃrāviṇaṃ vartate ("there is a noise all round"), neuter by nature.

I.G. More ghañ with upasargas, and the optional ghañ — running example: ava + grah + ghañ → avagrāhaḥ (a curse), against ap in avagrahaḥ padasya; pra + grah → pragrahaḥ / pragrāhaḥ (rein)

• 3220 ākrośe 'vanyor grahaḥ 3.3.45 — after grah with ava or ni, in a curse: avagrāhas te bhūyāt (being overpowered), nigrāhas te bhūyāt. Otherwise ap: avagrahaḥ padasya, nigrahaś corasya. An exception to the ap of 3234.
• 3221 pre lipsāyām 3.3.46 — after grah (supplied, BM) with pra, in a desire to obtain: pātrapragrāheṇa carati bhikṣuḥ.
• 3222 parau yajñe 3.3.47 — after grah with pari, in sacrifice: uttaraḥ parigrāhaḥ, taking possession of the altar with the sphya.
• 3223 nau vṛ dhānye 3.3.48 — after vṛ (fifth case elided) with ni, of grain: ni + vṛ + ghañ → (ni lengthened, SK 1044) nīvārāḥ. Otherwise ap by 3234: nivarā kanyā. ap even in ktin's domain by bāhulaka, as in pravarā gauḥ. TB: ghañ/ap-final words are masculine, as a rule, in the bhāva sense.
• 3224 udi śrayatiyautipūdruvaḥ 3.3.49 — after śri, yu, pū, dru with ud: ucchrāyaḥ, udyāvaḥ, utpāvaḥ, uddrāvaḥ (print). samucchrayāḥ is by bāhulaka.
• 3225 vibhāṣā''ṅi rupluvoḥ 3.3.50 — after ru, plu with āṅ, optionally: ārāvaḥ / āravaḥ, āplāvaḥ / āplavaḥ. "vibhāṣā" runs on through 3230.
• 3226 ave graho varṣapratibandhe 3.3.51 — after grah with ava, for drought, optionally: avagrahaḥ / avagrāhaḥ. Otherwise: avagrahaḥ padasya.
• 3227 pre vaṇijām 3.3.52 — after grah with pra, optionally, when what the affix denotes belongs to merchants (the balance-string): tulāpragrāheṇa / tulāpragraheṇa carati.
• 3228 raśmau ca 3.3.53 — likewise for a rein: pragrahaḥ / pragrāhaḥ.
• 3229 vṛṇoter ācchādane 3.3.54 — after vṛ with pra, optionally, for a covering: prāvāraḥ / pravaraḥ.
• 3230 parau bhuvo 'vajñāne 3.3.55 — after bhū with pari, optionally, for disregard: paribhāvaḥ / paribhavaḥ. Otherwise: paribhavaḥ (being all round). TB's proposed rearrangement assumes that vibhāṣā reaches this far (audit W05).

I.H. ac and ap, the exceptions to ghañ; ap after grah, vṛ, dṛ, niś-ci, gam and ad — running example: ci + ac → (guṇa, ay) cayaḥ; kṛ + ap → (guṇa) karaḥ; lū + ap → lavaḥ; pra + ad + ap → (ghasḷ) praghasaḥ

• 3231 erac 3.3.56 — after an i/ī-final root, ac, in bhāva and the non-agent kārakas, as an exception to ghañ: cayaḥ, jayaḥ. Vārttika: ac also for bhaya and the rest, to keep out the neuter kta and lyuṭ (which would come by paratva; there is no vāsarūpa, since ac is not their exception): bhayam, varṣam. TB: lyuṭ too, varṣaṇam.
• 3232 ṛdorap 3.3.57 — after a ṛ- or u-final root, ap, as an exception to ghañ: karaḥ, garaḥ, śaraḥ, yavaḥ, lavaḥ, stavaḥ, pavaḥ. TB reads ṛ ca uc ca (u tapara, the d not a t). Long ū-finals are covered by the jñāpaka of 3199. BM reads ṛt + u. The English stays neutral. The print has short ṛ in the sūtra.
• 3233 vṛkṣāsanayor viṣṭaraḥ 8.3.93 — for a tree or a seat, the ṣ of vi + stṛ (print straḥ) is nipātita: viṣṭaraḥ. Otherwise: vākyasya vistaraḥ.
• 3234 grahavṛdṛniścigamaś ca 3.3.58 — ap (supplied, śeṣa: BM) after grah, vṛ, dṛ, niś-ci, gam: an exception to ac for niś-ci and to ghañ for the rest (BM, TB). Forms: grahaḥ, varaḥ, daraḥ, niścayaḥ, gamaḥ. Three vārttikas follow:
• ap also after vaś, raṇ: vaśaḥ (will), raṇaḥ (battle).
• ka in the sense of ghañ: pra + sthā + ka → (ā-loss, SK 2372) prasthaḥ; vi + han + ka → (penultimate lost, SK 2363; gh, SK 358) vighnaḥ.
• Doubling of kṛñ etc. before ka (in the section of SK 2175): cakram, ciklidam, caknasaḥ (the last unresolved on the scan).
• 3235 upasarge 'daḥ 3.3.59 — after ad with an upasarga, ap. There is no example of its own; the form comes with 3236.
• 3236 ghañapoś ca 2.4.38 — before ghañ or ap, ghasḷ replaces ad ("adaḥ" from SK 3080, "ghasḷ" from SK 2427: BM). pra + ad + ap → praghasaḥ; vighasaḥ (leavings of food; BM: food left by guests; TB: what remains of the vaiśvadeva). Without an upasarga, ghañ + ghasḷ: ghāsaḥ (fodder).
• 3237 nau ṇa ca 3.3.60 — after ad with ni, ṇa, and also ap: ni + ad + ṇa → (vṛddhi; yaṇ) nyādaḥ; ni + ad + ap → (ghasḷ) nighasaḥ.
• 3238 vyadhajapor anupasarge 3.3.61 — after vyadh, jap without an upasarga, ap: vyadhaḥ, japaḥ. With an upasarga, ghañ: āvyādhaḥ, upajāpaḥ (sowing dissension).

I.I. Optional and obligatory ap: svan, has, yam, gad, nad, paṭh, kvaṇ, paṇ, mad, aj — running example: svan + ap → svanaḥ / svan + ghañ → (vṛddhi) svānaḥ; with an upasarga only ghañ: prasvānaḥ

• 3239 svanahasor vā 3.3.62 — after svan, has without an upasarga (from 3238), ap optionally, and ghañ in the other option: svanaḥ / svānaḥ, hasaḥ / hāsaḥ. With an upasarga: prasvānaḥ, prahāsaḥ.
• 3240 yamaḥ samupaniviṣu ca 3.3.63 — after yam with sam, upa, ni or vi, and (by ca) without an upasarga, ap optionally: saṃyamaḥ / saṃyāmaḥ … viyamaḥ / viyāmaḥ, yamaḥ / yāmaḥ.
• 3241 nau gadanadapaṭhasvanaḥ 3.3.64 — after gad, nad, paṭh, svan with ni, ap optionally: nigadaḥ / nigādaḥ, ninadaḥ / ninādaḥ, nipaṭhaḥ / nipāṭhaḥ, nisvanaḥ / nisvānaḥ.
• 3242 kvaṇo vīṇāyāṃ ca 3.3.65 — after kvaṇ with ni, or without an upasarga, and also of the vīṇā with any upasarga, ap optionally: nikvaṇaḥ / nikvāṇaḥ, kvaṇaḥ / kvāṇaḥ, prakvaṇaḥ / prakvāṇaḥ (vīṇā).
• 3243 nityaṃ paṇaḥ parimāṇe 3.3.66 — after paṇ, of a measured quantity, ap always. "nitya" ends "vā" (BM). mūlakapaṇaḥ, śākapaṇaḥ: a bundle tied up for sale. Otherwise: pāṇaḥ.
• 3244 mado 'nupasarge 3.3.67 — after mad with a non-upasarga upapada, ap (always, from 3243: TB): dhanamadaḥ. With an upasarga: unmādaḥ.
• 3245 pramadasammadau harṣe 3.3.68 — pramada, saṃmada (ap) are nipātita in the sense of joy. Otherwise: pramādaḥ, saṃmādaḥ. The reason for the nipātana differs: TB says it keeps out prasaṃmada and saṃpramada; BM says it fixes the conventional sense.
• 3246 samudor ajaḥ paśuṣu 3.3.69 — after aj with sam (a herd) or ud (driving), of animals, ap. There is no vī, since ajer vy aghañapoḥ (SK 2292) excepts ghañ and ap: samajaḥ, udajaḥ. Otherwise, ghañ: samājo brāhmaṇānām, udājaḥ kṣatriyāṇām (print).

I.J. ap with nipātana and saṃprasāraṇa: glaha, upasara, hvā — running example: ni + hvā + ap → (saṃprasāraṇa hu; guṇa, av) nihavaḥ, against ghañ in pra + hvā + ghañ → (vṛddhi; āy, per BM) prahvāyaḥ

• 3247 akṣeṣu glahaḥ 3.3.70 — in gaming (akṣa indicates devana), glaha is nipātita for the stake. BM: grah + ap, with l for r. Examples: akṣasya glahaḥ; vyātyukṣīm abhisaraṇaglahām adīvyan (Māgha, per BM). Otherwise: pādasya grahaḥ (audit W07).
• 3248 prajane sarteḥ 3.3.71 — after sṛ, of conception (first taking of the embryo), ap: gavām upasaraḥ. avasaraḥ, prasaraḥ take gha in the locus sense (SK 3296).
• 3249 hvaḥ samprasāraṇaṃ ca nyabhyupaviṣu 3.3.72 — after hvā with ni, abhi, upa or vi, ap and saṃprasāraṇa: nihavaḥ, abhihavaḥ, upahavaḥ, vihavaḥ. Otherwise, ghañ: prahvāyaḥ.
• 3250 āṅi yuddhe 3.3.73 — the same with āṅ, for battle: āhavaḥ ("they are challenged in it"). Otherwise: āhvāyaḥ.
• 3251 nipānam āhāvaḥ 3.3.74 — āhāva (āṅ + hvā: saṃprasāraṇa, ap, vṛddhi) is nipātita for a drinking-trough (the Amara half-verse).
• 3252 bhāve 'nupasargasya 3.3.75 — for hvā without an upasarga, in bhāva, saṃprasāraṇa and ap: havaḥ.

I.K. han with ap: vadha, ghana, gha, ghna — running example: han + ap (bhāva) → vadhaḥ; abhra + han + ap (mūrti) → ghana → abhraghanaḥ; pari + han + ap (karaṇa) → gha → parighaḥ → (l) palighaḥ

• 3253 hanaś ca vadhaḥ 3.3.76 — for han without an upasarga, in bhāva (from 3252), ap, with vadha (end-acute) substituted: vadhena dasyum. "By ca, ghañ too": ghātaḥ. BM reads ca as joining vadha (vyutkrama), and its text lacks "cād ghañ"; both are kept.
• 3254 mūrtau ghanaḥ 3.3.77 — for solidity, ap after han (in bhāva, BM), with ghana: abhraghanaḥ. saindhavaghanam ānaya names the property-bearer by the property.
• 3255 antarghano deśe 3.3.78 — antarghana is nipātita for a place: a village of the Vāhīkas. antarghaṇa is a variant reading. BM: the nipātana blocks ṇatva (SK 857).
• 3256 agāraikadeśe praghaṇaḥ praghāṇaś ca 3.3.79 — praghaṇa, praghāṇa are nipātita for the outer of the two prakoṣṭhas (oblong platforms, the alindas) at the door: "it is struck hard by the feet of those entering". ap is in the object sense, with vṛddhi in the other option. The ṇ of praghāṇa can come only from the nipātana (translator's inference; audit W07).
• 3257 udghano 'tyādhānam 3.3.80 — udghana (ud + han + ap, gh for h: BM) is nipātita for the block on which wood is laid and pared (locus).
• 3258 apaghano 'ṅgam 3.3.81 — apaghana is nipātita for a limb, the hand or foot (instrument). Otherwise: apaghātaḥ.
• 3259 karaṇe 'yovidruṣu 3.3.82 — with ayas, vi or dru, ap after han in the instrument sense, with ghana: ayoghanaḥ ("iron is struck with it"), vighanaḥ, drughanaḥ (an axe). According to some it is drughaṇaḥ, with ṇ by SK 857, on the view that the word is a name (audit W07).
• 3260 stambe ka ca 3.3.83 — with stamba, in the instrument sense (kaumudī "karaṇa ity eva"), ka, and also ap with ghana: stamba + han + ka → (penultimate lost, SK 2363; gh) stambaghnaḥ; stambaghanaḥ. Otherwise: stambaghātaḥ.
• 3261 parau ghaḥ 3.3.84 — with pari, ap after han in the instrument sense, with gha: parighaḥ (a bar).
• 3262 pareś ca ghāṅkayoḥ 8.2.22 — before gha or aṅka, l optionally for the r of pari ("ro laḥ", SK 2350; "vibhāṣā", SK 2541: BM): palighaḥ / parighaḥ, paryaṅkaḥ / palyaṅkaḥ. The technical gha of SK 2003 is not meant here, by vyākhyāna.
• 3263 upaghna āśraye 3.3.85 — upaghna is nipātita for proximity: ap, with the penultimate lost. parvatopaghnaḥ, "reached by the mountain", i.e. near it.
• 3264 saṃghodghau gaṇapraśaṃsayoḥ 3.3.86 — saṃgha (a group: ap in bhāva, "coming together") and udgha (praise: ap in karman, "known as excellent", since han meaning "go" also means "know") are nipātita, respectively. The English gives udghaḥ for ours uddhaḥ (C).
• 3265 nigho nimitam 3.3.87 — nigha is nipātita for evenly measured: nighāḥ (trees of equal height and girth), "known (hanyante, print plural) as without distinction".

I.L. ktri, athuc, naṅ, nan and ki — running example: ḍupacaṣ → pac + ktri → paktri → (map, SK 1570) paktrimam; yaj + naṅ → (ñ by SK 111) yajñaḥ; pra + dhā + ki → (ā lost) pradhiḥ

• 3266 ḍvitaḥ ktriḥ 3.3.88 — after a root with the it ḍu, ktri, in bhāva only (by nature: BM, TB). By "nitya" in ktrer mam nityam (SK 1570), ktri always takes map, so there is no analysis with the ktri-form. The "[there is no]" is supplied with BM and Wikisource; TB supports bhāva-only through pākena, na tu pakvena. Forms: paktrimam (produced by cooking), ḍuvap → uptrimam.
• 3267 ṭvito 'thuc 3.3.89 — after a root with the it ṭu, athuc, in bhāva only: ṭuvepṛ → vepathuḥ (trembling), śvayathuḥ (swelling).
• 3268 yajayācayatavicchapraccharakṣo naṅ 3.3.90 — after yaj, yāc, yat, vicch, pracch, rakṣ, naṅ, in bhāva and the non-agent kārakas (TB "vartate"). Forms: yajñaḥ (n → ñ, SK 111), yācñā, yatnaḥ, viśnaḥ (ś for cch, SK 2561), praśnaḥ, rakṣṇaḥ.
• No saṃprasāraṇa in praśna: praśne cāsannakāle (SK 2777) is the jñāpaka against SK 2412.
• The ṅ-marking blocks guṇa in viśna.
• 3269 svapo nan 3.3.91 — after svap, nan: svapnaḥ (sleep, dream). BM: the n-marking is for the accent.
• 3270 upasarge ghoḥ kiḥ 3.3.92 — after a ghu root (SK 2373) with an upasarga, ki, which drops the ā: pradhiḥ (felloe), antardhiḥ (antar counts as an upasarga by vārttika), upādhiḥ ("by which something is placed near"). TB rejects Mādhava's ki in the agent sense.
• 3271 karmaṇy adhikaraṇe ca 3.3.93 — with a karman upapada, ki after a ghu root in the locus sense: jalāni dhīyante 'smin → jala + dhā + ki → jaladhiḥ.

Part II — SK 3272–3386: the feminine action nouns from ktin on; lyuṭ and the neuter; gha and ghañ for the instrument and place; khal and yuc; ṇini, the kṛtyas and ktic; ktvā and lyap; ṇamul and khamuñ; to the close of the uttarārdha

Covers SK 3272–3386 (115 sūtras): all present.

• The Aṣṭādhyāyī spine and where the SK moves rules. Three runs, each taken in order:
• 3.3.94–3.3.128 (3272–3309). Gaps: 3.3.96 mantre vṛṣeṣa… is Vedic (SK 3420), yet its "udāttaḥ" still reaches 3274–3276. 3.3.113 kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam and 3.3.114 napuṃsake bhāve ktaḥ were taught earlier (SK 2841, 3090) and are only re-cited, in sequence, inside 3289.
• 3.3.170, 171, 174 (3311–3313). 3.3.129–130 are Vedic (SK 3421–3422). 3.3.131–169 and 172–173 were taught with the lakāras (SK 2789–2823, with 2194, 2195, 2208, 2229), except the tumun rules 3.3.158 and 167 (SK 3176, 3179, Part I). 3.3.175–176 are SK 2219–2220.
• 3.4.18–3.4.64 (3316–3386). 3.4.1–5 are SK 2824–2828, and 3.4.6–17 are Vedic (SK 3423–3444).
• Book 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8 rules placed where a form needs them: 2.4.57 (3292, vī before yu); 8.4.24–25 (3294–3295, ṇ after antar); 6.4.96 (3297, chādi before gha); 7.1.67–68 (3306–3307, num of labh); 8.4.35 (3310, no ṇ after a pada-final ṣ); 6.4.39, 6.4.45 (3314–3315, ktic); 6.4.70 (3318, apamitya); 6.4.31 (3321); 1.2.18, 1.2.7, 1.2.23–25 (3322–3326, kit or not kit for ktvā); 7.2.55–56 (3327–3328); 6.4.18, 6.4.32 (3329–3330); 7.4.43 (3331); 7.1.37, 6.1.86 (3332–3333, lyap and tuk); 6.4.38, 6.4.69, 6.4.56–57, 6.4.59 (3334–3338); 6.1.41–44 (3339–3342); 6.1.53 (3375, apagora). The SK keeps its own order throughout; this outline does not reorder.
• AS-refs. All 115 are checked against references/ashtadhyayi/sutraani-data.json by SK number, and all match. So does every SK cross-reference cited below. The sūtra texts match except 3301: the reference reads adhyāyanyāyodyāvasaṃhārādhārāvāyāś ca, the vṛttikāra's enlarged sūtra that TB rejects. Ours, the print and Wikisource lack ādhāra/āvāya, though our padaccheda has the same slip.
• The headings.
• striyām (3272) runs to before kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (BM), i.e. through 3289. BM closes it there: "iti stryadhikāraḥ". Throughout, bhāve (SK 3184) and akartari ca kārake (SK 3186) are carried forward. At 3289 the kaumudī says that these lapse with SK 2841.
• Because the feminine is excepted in vā 'sarūpo 'striyām (SK 2830), the option of a dissimilar affix does not work among the feminine affixes. That is why the vārttika "ktinn apīṣyate" (3272), the split kṛñaḥ | śa ca (3277) and the vibhāṣā of 3287 are needed (BM, TB).
• napuṃsake bhāve (SK 3090) runs through 3290–3291. karaṇādhikaraṇayoḥ (3293) is a heading up to before khal (3305), where the kaumudī says it ceases.
• samānakartṛkayoḥ pūrvakāle (3320) governs ktvā and ṇamul. Its pūrvakāle is not connected in 3351–3367 (kaumudī at 3355; BM at 3351). It is connected again "from here onward" at 3368 (BM: by a frog's leap). The same condition therefore stands behind 3369–3374 (audit W16).
• Where TB and BM lie (only the kaumudī is translated, SK-TRANSLATE §25):
• BM. Our Bālamanoramā layer is empty. BM is read from Wikisource uttara-4/0043–0078 and cited "not in our source". sk.3294.b1 is the only BM block in the range, and it is misfiled: it is BM on naś cāpadāntasya jhali (SK 123). Wikisource has no BM on 3294, 3295, 3310 or 3375.
• TB filed under a neighbour:
• 3273–3277: the tail of sk.3272.t1. 3284: tail of sk.3282.t1. 3287–3288: sk.3286.t1.
• 3297, 3299, 3301: tail of sk.3293.t1. 3305: sk.3304.t1. 3307 and the opening of 3308: sk.3306.t1.
• 3325: sk.3324.t1. 3328, 3330–3332: sk.3327.t1. 3334: split across sk.3333.t1, sk.3334.t1 and the editorial note sk.3326.n1, which is also the TB on 3335–3336.
• 3337, 3339–3342: sk.3342.t1 (its first lemma is misprinted "vibhāṣāpareḥ" in the print itself). 3344–3345: sk.3343.t1. 3348: tail of sk.3347.t1. 3349–3350: sk.3348.t1. 3354–3355: sk.3352.t1. 3356: sk.3359.t1.
• 3367–3369: sk.3363.t1. 3372: sk.3371.t1. 3375 and 3378: the tail of sk.3374.t1, garbled in OCR under the scan watermark. 3382: sk.3381.t1.
• TB missing from our layer. The lower TB block of NSP p. 578 (scan page-0588) is lost: sk.3306.t1 jumps from "kartṛka-" to TB on 3319. Lost with it: the rest of 3308, and 3309, 3313, 3314, 3316, 3317, 3318 and the opening of 3319. It was read from the raw OCR and the scan.
• No TB in the print on 3279, 3283, 3290, 3292, 3294–3296, 3298, 3300, 3310–3312, 3315, 3322, 3329, 3338, 3346, 3353, 3357, 3358, 3361, 3362, 3364–3366, 3373, 3376, 3377, 3379, 3380.
• Audit corrections followed (W08–W17; applied here even where the en.yml may not yet carry them):
• MUST-FIX. 3278: mṛga is adanta, so ato lopaḥ would elide its a before ṇic. The a is kept by nipātana, not "hence". 3288: "upapādi" is no aorist of upa-pad; BM's udapādi is meant. 3334: the absence of iṭ belongs to pradīvya (BM, TB) and to prakhanya (TB), not to prapaṭhya.
• MINOR, sense: 3274 ktin udātta, so the words are end-acute. 3280 dīptiḥ is a second counter-example of the seṭ vārttika. 3297 the upadhā shortened is that of chad, the base of ṇic (BM). 3315 sanutāt "may he give". 3343 the root vowel is lengthened before ṇi + ṇamul. 3349 siddhāprayogaḥ, not the locative. 3352 "he eats, filling the belly". 3355 kaṣādi = the rules 3355–3366. 3365 eva "while still standing". 3377 urovidāra (dental d); dhruva = vital, not "fixed".
• MINOR, sources: 3284 "exception to a" is BM for SK 3279 only; SK 3280 is the translator's. 3308 BM gives only the object analysis for kṛ and does not disagree with TB. 3318 BM also carries vā from SK 2378. 3323 seṭ rests on BM (exception to na ktvā seṭ), not on anuvṛtti. 3332 TB: the prior member is such an indeclinable. 3337 the ṇi → ay bracket comes from the kaumudī's own gloss. 3342 "na not carried" is the translator's. 3348 kṛñ and ṇamul are supplied by the kaumudī. 3354 knopi is the causative of bhvādi knūy (puk, SK 2570), while BM writes "curādau". 3358 the Bhāṣya's purpose is ahiṃsārtham … nityasamāsārthaḥ (BM, no garble). 3383 BM is TB's construal (1), taken tadanta. 3386 TB's "cvau" is a misprint for cau (SK 417).
• Print readings followed (NSP 1915, scan-confirmed; collation batches 02–05 and audits):
• Corrections and supplements: 3272 phultiḥ. 3274 ūṭh. 3278: two sentences supplied (mṛga anveṣaṇe curādāv adantaḥ. ato lopābhāvo 'pi). 3285 matvarthāc chaḥ as its own vārttika. 3287 akārṣīḥ, kṛtiṃ. 3288 ikṣubhakṣikām, ikṣu-. 3308 khitvān. 3311 avaśyaṅkārī. 3347 asvāduṃ svāduṃ. 3351 labhate. 3363 bandhaviśeṣa-. 3377 pīḍayanta. 3378 nityavīpsayoḥ. 3386: both colophons supplied in brackets.
• Ours kept where the print looks wrong: 3272 bādhate (ktin as agent; the print's dual bādhete contradicts paratva). 3330's cross-ref to radhādibhyaś ca is rendered SK 2515 (ours and print 2514).
• Class V/C (Print Check): 3278 īṣeḥ given as iṣ. 3283 śradantaror upasargavad vṛttiḥ has no vārttika sign. 3289 āprayāṇiḥ given as aprayāṇiḥ. 3297 dhe given as ghe (C). 3316 daddhoḥ = do dad ghoḥ (C). 3326 lubho 'vimohane … vimohane tu lubdhvā inverts SK 3048, and the English follows BM's avimohane. 3330 itīṭ for itītvam; dadhātor for dadhāter. 3334 pradhāya given as pradāya. 3357 igu[padha]. Print AS misprints: 3290 (3.3.15), 3301 (3.3.112), 3375 (6.1.56).
• Where Part II begins / ends. Part I closed at 3271 karmaṇy adhikaraṇe ca (3.3.93), ki after a ghu root, in the sense of the place. Part II opens with the feminine heading striyāṃ ktin (3.3.94). It ends with anvacy ānulomye (3.4.64) and the kaumudī's two closing verses, followed by the print's colophons "iti uttarakṛdantam" and "iti śrībhaṭṭojidīkṣitaviracitāyāṃ siddhāntakaumudyām uttarārdhaṃ samāptam", which are supplied in brackets.

II.A. ktin, and the kyap, śa and nipātana feminines beside it — running example: kṛ + ktin → kṛ-ti → kṛtiḥ; pra + sthā + ktin → (i, SK 3074) prasthitiḥ

• 3272 striyāṃ ktin 3.3.94 — heading. In the feminine, ktin comes, in bhāva and in a non-agent kāraka. It is an exception to ghañ (of halaś ca, SK 3300, BM), and being later it sets aside ac and ap too (TB: where both apply in the feminine): kṛtiḥ, ci → citiḥ, stu → stutiḥ (cayaḥ and stavaḥ stay masculine). sphāy + ktin → (y lost) sphātiḥ. "sphītikāma" is a slip, since sphī is taught only before niṣṭhā (SK 3044). Or it is sphīta + ṇic, then aca iḥ (uṇādi 578).
• Vārttikas. After śru, yaj, iṣ and stu, ktin comes in the karaṇa (TB: otherwise lyuṭ, SK 3293, would come): śrūyate 'nayā → śrutiḥ (the ear), yaj → (saṃprasāraṇa, SK 2409; ṣ) iṣṭiḥ.
• After ṝ-finals and lū etc., ktin is like niṣṭhā, so n replaces its t (SK 3016, SK 3018; TB): kṝ → kīrṇiḥ, gīrṇiḥ, lū → lūniḥ, dhūniḥ, pūniḥ. With hlādaḥ split off SK 3073, the vowel shortens: prahlanniḥ. By ti ca (SK 3037): cūrtiḥ, phultiḥ.
• cāy takes ci before ktin: apacitiḥ.
• After sampad etc., kvip comes: sampat, vipat. A second vārttika (print sign) wants ktin too, sampattiḥ, since vāsarūpa is shut out of the feminine (BM, TB).
• 3273 sthāgāpāpaco bhāve 3.3.95 — after sthā, gā, pā and pac, ktin in feminine bhāva. kvip is not carried, not being svarita (BM). It is an exception to aṅ: of SK 3283 for the ā-finals with an upasarga, of SK 3281 for ṣit pac (TB, BM): pra + sthā → prasthitiḥ; sam + gai → (ī, SK 2462) saṅgītiḥ; sampītiḥ; pac → paktiḥ. avasthā and saṃsthā keep aṅ on the jñāpaka "vyavasthāyām" (SK 218, the translator's identification).
• 3274 ūtiyūtijūtisātihetikīrtayaś ca 3.3.97 — six ktin-forms by nipātana. The point is accent. "udāttaḥ" carries from 3.3.96 (SK 3420), so ktin is udātta and the words are end-acute, not initial-acute by ñnity ādir nityam (SK 3686) (BM, TB).
• av + ktin → (ūṭh, SK 2654) ūtiḥ. yūtiḥ and jūtiḥ have their long vowel by nipātana.
• sātiḥ: from so, with the i of SK 3074 withheld; or from san, with ā by SK 2504.
• hetiḥ from han or hi. kīrtiḥ from kīrtay-, where yuc (SK 3284) would come.
• 3275 vrajayajor bhāve kyap 3.3.98 — kyap in feminine bhāva. udātta continues, and the p is for tuk later (TB): vrajyā, yaj + kyap → (saṃprasāraṇa, SK 2409) ijyā.
• 3276 saṃjñāyāṃ samajaniṣadanipatamanavidaṣuñśīṅbhṛñiṇaḥ 3.3.99 — kyap after these nine in a name.
• Vārttika: aj does not become vī before kyap (else SK 2292 would apply): samajanty asyām → samajyā (assembly).
• niṣadyā (market; ṣ by SK 2271), nipatyā, manyā (the neck vein), vidyā, sutyā (glossed "abhiṣava" in the print), śayyā, bhṛtyā (maintenance), i + kyap → (tuk) ityā (palanquin).
• TB: without "saṃjñāyām", ktin: mati, smṛti.
• 3277 kṛñaḥ śa ca 3.3.100 — a split rule. "kṛñaḥ": after kṛñ, kyap: kṛ + kyap → (tuk) kṛtyā. "śa ca": śa, and by ca ktin as well, since vāsarūpa will not supply it (BM): kṛ + śa → (riṅ, SK 2367; iyaṅ) kriyā; kṛtiḥ.
• 3278 icchā 3.3.101 — nipātana: iṣ + śa in bhāva only, with no yak, gives icchā. TB: that is why iṣṭi was given in the karaṇa (3272).
• Vārttika (upasaṃkhyāna): paricaryā, parisaryā, mṛgayā, aṭāṭyā, each with śa + yak. parisaryā has guṇa by nipātana.
• mṛga is a-final in the curādi class, so ato lopaḥ (SK 2308) would elide its a before ṇic. The a is kept, by nipātana too (the print sentence supplied; audit W09): mṛga + ṇic + śa + yak → (ṇi lost) mṛgayā.
• aṭ: ṭya is doubled, its y removed, the vowel lengthened: aṭāṭyā.
• Vārttika: after jāgṛ, a optionally: jāgarā; else śa + yak: jāgaryā (guṇa by SK 2480).
• Ours and the print read īṣeḥ. TB's lemma and Wikisource read iṣeḥ, and the English gives iṣ (Print Check V).

II.B. ā-stem feminines: a, aṅ and yuc — running example: cikīrṣa + a → cikīrṣā; jṝ + aṅ → (guṇa) jarā; kāri + yuc → kār-ana → kāraṇā

• 3279 a pratyayāt 3.3.102 — after a dhātu ending in an affix, the affix a, in the feminine, in bhāva and the non-agent kārakas (BM): cikīrṣā (desiderative of kṛ), putrakāmyā (kāmyac).
• 3280 guroś ca halaḥ 3.3.103 — after a consonant-final dhātu with a heavy vowel (gurumat, BM and TB), a: īh → īhā, ūh → ūhā. Not bhaktiḥ (light vowel) or nītiḥ (vowel-final), which take ktin.
• Vārttika: only for a root that is seṭ in the niṣṭhā. Hence not āptiḥ, and not dīptiḥ: dīp is īdit, so it is aniṭ in the niṣṭhā. "titutra…" (SK 3163) only explains why the ktin takes no iṭ (audit W09).
• Vārttika on SK 3163, "except grah etc.": iṭ in nigṛhītiḥ, nipaṭhitiḥ.
• 3281 ṣidbhidādibhyo 'ṅ 3.3.104 — aṅ after ṣit roots and bhid etc.: jṝṣ + aṅ → (guṇa by ṛdṛśo 'ṅi guṇaḥ, SK 2406, over the ṅ) jarā; trapūṣ → trapā. bhidā is used only for splitting, and bhittiḥ (wall) is another word; chidā, mṛjā. Gaṇasūtra: krap takes saṃprasāraṇa: kṛpā. TB: labdhi (with ktin) by the Bhāṣya's usage or bāhulaka.
• 3282 cintipūjikathikumbicarcaś ca 3.3.105 — aṅ after these curādi roots, with ṇi lost. It is an exception to yuc (SK 3284; TB): cinti + aṅ → cintā, pūjā, kathā, kumbā, carcā. TB and BM: ca takes in tulā (tolayati).
• 3283 ātaś copasarge 3.3.106 — aṅ after an ā-final with an upasarga as upapada, an exception to ktin: pra + dā + aṅ → (ā lost) pradā, upadā. śrat and antar count as upasargas (the print gives no vārttika sign): śraddhā, antardhā; with ki (SK 3270), antardhiḥ.
• 3284 ṇyāsaśrantho yuc 3.3.107 — yuc after ṇi-finals, ās and śranth: kāri + yuc → kāraṇā, hāraṇā, āsanā, śranthanā. It is an exception to the a of SK 3279 (BM, for the ṇi-final); the translator adds SK 3280 for ās and śranth.
• Vārttikas: after ghaṭṭ, vand and vid (in the sense "gain", TB): ghaṭṭanā, vandanā, vedanā. After iṣ not meaning "wish": anveṣaṇā. After pari-iṣ, optionally: paryeṣaṇā / parīṣṭiḥ.

II.C. ṇvul, iñ, ṇvuc and ani; the feminine heading closes — running example: pra + chard + ṇvul → (vu → aka) pra-chard-aka → pracchardikā

• 3285 rogākhyāyāṃ ṇvul bahulam 3.3.108 — ṇvul, variously, for the name of a disease. It is an exception to ktin etc. (TB): pracchardikā (vomiting), pravāhikā, vicarcikā; sometimes not: śirortiḥ.
• Vārttikas: ṇvul for a dhātu-meaning: āsikā, śāyikā. ik and śtip to name a dhātu: paciḥ, pacatiḥ. kāra after a sound: akāraḥ, kakāraḥ.
• ipha after ra: rephaḥ. "striyām" lapses here, so vāsarūpa allows rakāra too (BM).
• cha after matvartha (its own vārttika in the print): matvarthīyaḥ, with a lost by "bahula".
• iṇ after aj etc.: ājiḥ (no vī, by bahula), ātiḥ. iñ after vap etc.: vāpiḥ, vāsiḥ, differing from iṇ only in accent. ik after kṛṣ etc.: kṛṣiḥ, giriḥ.
• 3286 saṃjñāyām 3.3.109 — ṇvul in a name: uddālakapuṣpabhañjikā. TB takes this ṇvul in the locus (the play in which uddālaka flowers are broken). Others take it in bhāva.
• 3287 vibhāṣākhyānaparipraśnayor iñ ca 3.3.110 — in a question and its reply, iñ, and by ca ṇvul. "Optionally" lets the other affixes come as well. It must be said, because vāsarūpa is shut out (BM).
• kāṃ tvaṃ kāriṃ kārikāṃ kriyāṃ kṛtyāṃ kṛtiṃ vā akārṣīḥ? — sarvāṃ kāriṃ … kṛtiṃ vā akārṣam (kāri iñ, kārikā ṇvul, kriyā śa, kṛtyā kyap, kṛti ktin; BM).
• Likewise gaṇim, gaṇikām, gaṇanām; pācim, pācikām, pacām, paktim.
• 3288 paryāyārharṇotpattiṣu ṇvuc 3.3.111 — ṇvuc, optionally, in bhāva, when a turn, desert, debt or arising is to be indicated:
• turn: bhavata āsikā, śāyikā, agragāmikā.
• desert: bhavān ikṣubhakṣikām arhati.
• debt: ikṣubhakṣikāṃ me dhārayati.
• arising: ikṣubhakṣikā udapādi. Ours and the print read upapādi, a likely misprint for BM's udapādi (ut-pad, ciṇ; audit W10 MUST-FIX).
• 3289 ākrośe nañy aniḥ 3.3.112 — vibhāṣā lapses. In a curse, with nañ as upapada, ani: ajīvanis te śaṭha bhūyāt; aprayāṇiḥ (print āprayāṇiḥ; nañ requires a-, BM).
• Then, in AS order, kṛtyalyuṭo bahulam (SK 2841) is re-cited. Here bhāve and akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām also lapse: rājñā bhujyante → rājabhojanāḥ śālayaḥ.
• Then napuṃsake bhāve ktaḥ (SK 3090). BM: the stryadhikāra ends here.

II.D. lyuṭ: the neuter action noun, the instrument and the place — running example: has + lyuṭ → (yu → ana) hasanam beside hasitam; go + duh + lyuṭ → godohanī

• 3290 lyuṭ ca 3.3.115 — in the neuter, in bhāva (carried from SK 3090), lyuṭ comes, and by ca kta: hasitam, hasanam. It is split from SK 3090 so that lyuṭ alone runs on into 3291 (BM).
• 3291 karmaṇi ca yena saṃsparśāt kartuḥ śarīrasukham 3.3.116 — lyuṭ (neuter bhāva) with an object upapada whose touch gives the agent bodily pleasure. lyuṭ would come anyway by 3290, so the rule is for the obligatory compound: payaḥ + pā + lyuṭ → payaḥpānaṃ sukham. kartuḥ is a karman-ṣaṣṭhī, and yena is the agent by SK 624 (TB, BM). Not guroḥ snāpanaṃ sukham, where the teacher is the object.
• 3292 vā yau 2.4.57 — before yu, aj optionally becomes vī (carried from SK 2292, the translator's label): pra + aj + lyuṭ → pravayaṇam / prājanam.
• 3293 karaṇādhikaraṇayoś ca 3.3.117 — lyuṭ in the instrument and the place. It is a statement of sense, not an upapada (BM). It is a heading up to before khal (3305). Being later, it blocks ac, ap and the feminine affixes (TB): idhmapravraścanaḥ kuṭhāraḥ; godohanī sthālī.
• 3294 antaradeśe 8.4.24 — after antar, the n of han → ṇ, if no place is meant: antarhaṇanam, but antarhanano deśaḥ. "atpūrvasya" continues (SK 359 is the translator's identification), so not antarghnanti. The t of "at" excludes long ā: antaraghāni.
• 3295 ayanaṃ ca 8.4.25 — the n of ayana after antar → ṇ, again not of a place: antarayaṇam; antarayano deśaḥ.

II.E. gha and ghañ in the instrument and place: masculine names — running example: danta + chādi + gha → (short a, ṇi lost) dantacchadaḥ; ā + kṛ + gha → ākaraḥ; ram + ghañ → rāmaḥ

• 3296 puṃsi saṃjñāyāṃ ghaḥ prāyeṇa 3.3.118 — in the instrument or place (from 3293), gha generally comes for masculine names. It is an exception to the lyuṭ of 3293 (BM). There is no kaumudī; its example ākaraḥ stands in 3297.
• 3297 chāder ghe 'dvyupasargasya 6.4.96 — before gha, chādi without two upasargas shortens the upadhā of chad, the base of ṇic (BM; audit W10): dantāś chādyante 'nena → dantacchadaḥ (the lip). ākurvanty asmin → ākaraḥ (a mine) is gha by 3296, not chādi. Ours reads "syād dhe", and the print cannot be resolved between dh and gh (C).
• 3298 gocarasaṃcaravahavrajavyajāpaṇanigamāś ca 3.3.119 — set down with gha, an exception to the ghañ of halaś ca (SK 3300): gāvaś caranty asmin → gocaraḥ; saṃcaraḥ (path), vahaḥ (shoulder), vrajaḥ, vyajaḥ (fan; no vī), āpaṇaḥ, nigamaḥ (the Veda). By ca: kaṣaḥ, nikaṣaḥ.
• 3299 ave tṝstror ghañ 3.3.120 — with ava, ghañ after tṝ and stṝ, in the same frame (TB, BM), as an exception to gha: ava + tṝ + ghañ → avatāraḥ (of a well), avastāraḥ (curtain).
• 3300 halaś ca 3.3.121 — ghañ after a consonant-final root, an exception to gha: ramante yogino 'smin → rāmaḥ; apamṛjyate 'nena → apāmārgaḥ; vimārgaḥ (broom).
• 3301 adhyāyanyāyodyāvasaṃhārāś ca 3.3.122 — ghañ-forms by nipātana, an exception to gha (BM): adhi-iṅ → adhyāyaḥ, ni-iṇ → nyāyaḥ, ud-yu → udyāvaḥ, sam-hṛ → saṃhāraḥ.
• Vārttika: avahāra, ādhāra and āvāya too. TB calls the vṛttikāra's insertion of ādhāra/āvāya into the sūtra incoherent; see the AS-ref bullet above.
• 3302 udaṅko 'nudake 3.3.123 — ut-añc + ghañ, except of water: ghṛtam udacyate 'smin → (k, SK 2863) ghṛtodaṅkaḥ; but udakodañcanaḥ. TB: halaś ca would give ghañ anyway, so the rule is for the water ban.
• 3303 jālam ānāyaḥ 3.3.124 — ā-nī + ghañ, for a net: ānīyante matsyādayo 'nena → ānāyaḥ; otherwise ānayanaḥ. jāla itself is ṇa from jal (SK 2902), not a nipātana here (TB).
• 3304 khano gha ca 3.3.125 — after khan, gha, and by ca ghañ: ākhanaḥ / ākhānaḥ. The gh-marker is a jñāpaka that gha comes after other roots too: bhagaḥ, padam.
• Vārttika: ḍa, ḍara, ika and ikavaka after khan: ākhaḥ, ākharaḥ (ṭi lost by the ḍ), ākhanikaḥ, ākhanikavakaḥ. With the two forms above, these are six words for a digging tool (TB).

II.F. khal and yuc with īṣat, dus and su — running example: dus + kṛ + khal → (guṇa; ṣ) duṣkaraḥ kaṭo bhavatā; su + pā + yuc → supānaḥ

• 3305 īṣadduḥsuṣu kṛcchrākṛcchrārtheṣu khal 3.3.126 — karaṇādhikaraṇayoḥ lapses. With īṣat, dus or su meaning hard or easy, khal comes, in bhāva and karman by tayor eva (SK 2833): duṣkaraḥ kaṭo bhavatā (bhavatā instrumental, the genitive barred by SK 627); īṣatkaraḥ, sukaraḥ.
• Vārttika: before khal and ac, there is no ā (by SK 2508, 2509) for ni-mi, mī and lī: īṣannimayaḥ, duṣpramayaḥ, suvilayaḥ; with ac (SK 3231): nimayaḥ, mayaḥ, layaḥ.
• 3306 upasargāt khalghañoḥ 7.1.67 — before khal and ghañ, labh takes num only after an upasarga (labheḥ from SK 2582, num from SK 2262, BM; restrictive, TB): īṣat/dus/su + pra + labh + khal → supralambhaḥ; upa + ā + labh + ghañ → upālambhaḥ. But lābhaḥ.
• 3307 na sudurbhyāṃ kevalābhyām 7.1.68 — not after su or dur standing alone: sulabham, durlabham; but supralambhaḥ, atidurlambhaḥ. atisulabham, atidurlabham work if su and ati are karmapravacanīyas (SK 555, 556, TB).
• 3308 kartṛkarmaṇoś ca bhūkṛñoḥ 3.3.127 — khal after bhū and kṛ when an agent or object in the sense of cvi (vārttika) stands with īṣat etc. as upapada. There is no yathāsaṅkhya. The agent or object stands next to the root, and mum comes because khal is khit: anāḍhyenāḍhyena duḥkhena bhūyate → durāḍhyambhavam; īṣadāḍhyambhavam, svāḍhyambhavam; īṣadāḍhyaṅkaraḥ, durāḍhyaṅkaraḥ. Without cvi: āḍhyena subhūyate. BM gives only the object analysis for kṛ, with no doctrinal disagreement with TB (audit W11).
• 3309 āto yuc 3.3.128 — after an ā-final, yuc, an exception to khal. kartṛkarmaṇoḥ is not carried, not being svarita (BM): īṣatpānaḥ somo bhavatā; duṣpānaḥ (ṣ by SK 155); supānaḥ.
• Vārttika: in the spoken language, yuc after śās, yudh, dṛś, dhṛṣ and mṛṣ: duḥśāsanaḥ, duryodhanaḥ (TB adds durdarśanaḥ etc.). BM places it after SK 3421–3422.
• 3310 ṣāt padāntāt 8.4.35 — after a pada-final ṣ, n does not become ṇ: niṣpānam, sarpiṣpānam. Contrast nirṇayaḥ (r, not ṣ) and puṣṇāti (ṣ not final in a pada). "padānta" is "pade antaḥ", so the bar does not reach susarpiṣkeṇa.

II.G. ṇini, the kṛtyas and ktic; ktvā outside the earlier-time sense — running example: avaśyam + kṛ + ṇini → (vṛddhi; the m of avaśyam → ṅ) avaśyaṅkārī; bhū + ktic → bhūtiḥ; alam + dā + ktvā → (dad) alaṃ dattvā

• 3311 āvaśyakādhamarṇyayor ṇiniḥ 3.3.170 — ṇini, in the agent (kartari kṛt, BM), for necessity or debt: avaśyaṅkārī; śataṃdāyī, where the ṣaṣṭhī is barred by akenoḥ… (SK 628).
• 3312 kṛtyāś ca 3.3.171 — the kṛtyas in the same two senses: avaśyaṃ hariḥ sevyaḥ; śataṃ deyam.
• 3313 kticktau ca saṃjñāyām 3.3.174 — ktic and kta in a benediction (āśiṣi from SK 2195, BM), forming a name. There is no iṭ, by SK 3163: bhavatāt → bhū + ktic → bhūtiḥ. The kta example devadattaḥ stands in 3315. TB: the c of ktic singles it out in na ktici (3314).
• 3314 na ktici dīrghaś ca 6.4.39 — before ktic, the aniṭ roots and van, tan etc. undergo neither lengthening (SK 2666) nor loss of the nasal (SK 2428, BM): yam + ktic → yantiḥ; rantiḥ, vantiḥ, tantiḥ.
• 3315 sanaḥ ktici lopaś cāsyānyatarasyām 6.4.45 — before ktic, san takes ā optionally (ā from SK 2982, BM), or loses its n optionally: sanutāt ("may he give") → sātiḥ / satiḥ / santiḥ. Also devā enaṃ deyāsuḥ → devadattaḥ (the kta of 3313, by SK 2833).
• 3316 alaṅkhalvoḥ pratiṣedhayoḥ prācāṃ ktvā 3.4.18 — with alam or khalu meaning prohibition, ktvā comes, in bhāva. "prācām" is for honour. amaivāvyayena (SK 783) bars the upapada compound: alam + dā + ktvā → (dad, SK 3077) alaṃ dattvā; pā + ktvā → (ī, SK 2462) pītvā khalu. Not mā kārṣīt; not alaṅkāraḥ. alaṃ rodanena: by bahula (BM), by vāsarūpa (TB).
• 3317 udīcāṃ māṅo vyatīhāre 3.4.19 — ktvā after māṅ (meṅ cited with its ā, TB) in exchange, where there is no prior time (BM). The form is apamitya, in 3318.
• 3318 mayater id anyatarasyām 6.4.70 — before lyap (from SK 3335; vā also from SK 2378, BM), the final of meṅ optionally becomes i: apa + me + lyap → apamitya / apamāya yācate. Because 3317 said "udīcām", the ordinary ktvā comes too: yācitvā apamayate.
• 3319 parāvarayoge ca 3.4.20 — ktvā for connection with the farther or the nearer: aprāpya nadīṃ parvataḥ (the mountain, with respect to the farther river); atikramya parvataṃ sthitā nadī (the river, with respect to the nearer mountain).

II.H. ktvā for the earlier action: its sense, n-loss, kit or not, and iṭ — running example: bhuj + ktvā → bhuktvā vrajati; śī + iṭ + ktvā → (not kit: guṇa, ay) śayitvā against kṛtvā

• 3320 samānakartṛkayoḥ pūrvakāle 3.4.21 — ktvā after the root of the earlier of two actions with the same agent. Indeclinable kṛts are in bhāva ("avyayakṛto bhāve"): bhuktvā vrajati.
• The dual is not essential: snātvā bhuktvā pītvā vrajati.
• Nasal loss by SK 2428: viṣṇuṃ natvā stauti.
• svṛ etc. are obligatorily without iṭ, by śryukaḥ kiti (SK 2381) over SK 2279's option, by pūrvavipratiṣedha: svṛtvā, sūtvā, dhūtvā.
• 3321 ktvi skandisyandoḥ 6.4.31 — before ktvā, skand and syand do not lose their n (n-loss from SK 2544, na from SK 424, BM): skantvā. syand is ūdit, so iṭ is optional: syantvā / syanditvā.
• 3322 na ktvā seṭ 1.2.18 — a ktvā with iṭ is not kit (kit carried from SK 2242): śī + iṭ + ktvā → (guṇa, ay) śayitvā. Without iṭ: kṛtvā.
• 3323 mṛḍamṛdagudhakuṣakliśavadavasaḥ ktvā 1.2.7 — after these, a seṭ ktvā is kit. seṭ rests on BM, who calls the rule an exception to 3322 (audit W12): mṛḍitvā.
• kliś takes iṭ optionally (SK 3049): kliśitvā / kliṣṭvā.
• vad → (saṃprasāraṇa) uditvā; vas → (iṭ, SK 3046; ṣ, SK 2410) uṣitvā.
• By rudavida… (SK 2609): ruditvā, viditvā, muṣitvā, gṛhītvā.
• 3324 nopadhāt thaphāntād vā 1.2.23 — after a th- or ph-final root with n as upadhā, a seṭ ktvā is optionally kit: śrath-itvā (kit, n lost) / śranthitvā; guphitvā / gumphitvā. Without the n: kothitvā, rephitvā (not kit).
• 3325 vañciluñcyṛtaś ca 1.2.24 — the same option: vacitvā / vañcitvā; lucitvā / luñcitvā; ṛtitvā (kit, no guṇa) / artitvā.
• 3326 tṛṣimṛṣikṛśeḥ kāśyapasya 1.2.25 — the same option (vā from 3324, TB): tṛṣitvā / tarṣitvā; mṛṣitvā / marṣitvā; kṛśitvā / karśitvā. The kaumudī adds:
• SK 2617: dyutitvā / dyotitvā, likhitvā / lekhitvā; not sevitvā, vartitvā, eṣitvā, bhuktvā.
• SK 3046: uṣitvā; kṣudhitvā / kṣodhitvā. SK 3047: añcitvā (honour); aktvā too (going).
• SK 3048: lubhitvā / lobhitvā, but lubdhvā when lubh does not mean bewildering. Ours and the print invert vimohane; the English follows BM (Print Check V).
• 3327 jṝvraścyoḥ ktvi 7.2.55 — iṭ for ktvā after jṝ (else barred by SK 2381) and vraśc (else optional, being ūdit): jarītvā / jaritvā, vraścitvā.
• 3328 udito vā 7.2.56 — after an udit root, iṭ is optional before ktvā (ktvaḥ from 3327): śamitvā / śāntvā (lengthening by SK 2666); devitvā / dyūtvā (ūṭh by SK 2561, TB).
• 3329 kramaś ca ktvi 6.4.18 — before a jhal-initial ktvā, the upadhā of kram is optionally lengthened. BM gives the four anuvṛttis: upadhāyāḥ (SK 370), vibhāṣā (SK 2622), dīrghaḥ (SK 174), jhali (SK 2666): krāntvā / krantvā; with iṭ, kramitvā. Also pū, with iṭ optional by SK 3050: pavitvā / pūtvā.
• 3330 jāntanaśāṃ vibhāṣā 6.4.32 — j-final roots and naś optionally lose their n before ktvā (n-loss from SK 2544, ktvi from SK 3321, BM): bhaktvā / bhaṅktvā, raktvā / raṅktvā.
• naś takes num (SK 2517) and then optionally loses it: naṣṭvā / naṃṣṭvā; with iṭ (SK 2515): naśitvā.
• Vārttika: the option holds only before a jhal-initial ktvā. Hence not añjitvā; without iṭ, aktvā / aṅktvā.
• Also by SK 2504: khātvā / khanitvā. By SK 3074: ditvā, sitvā, mitvā, sthitvā (ours and the print say "itīṭ" for the i-substitute, V). By SK 3076: hitvā.
• 3331 jahāteś ca ktvi 7.4.43 — before ktvā, hā (jahāti) becomes hi: hitvā; but hāṅ: hātvā. Also ad → jagdh (SK 3080): jagdhvā.

II.I. lyap for ktvā in a compound, and the aṅga rules before it — running example: pra + kṛ + ktvā → (lyap) pra-kṛ-ya → (tuk, SK 2858) prakṛtya

• 3332 samāse 'nañpūrve ktvo lyap 7.1.37 — in a compound whose prior member is an indeclinable other than nañ (paryudāsa; TB: the prior member is such an indeclinable), lyap replaces ktvā: prakṛtya. Not akṛtvā (nañ) or paramakṛtvā (not an indeclinable).
• 3333 ṣatvatukor asiddhaḥ 6.1.86 — for ṣatva and tuk, the single substitute is asiddha (ekādeśaḥ supplied, since the rule follows the ekādeśa section, BM). ko 'sicat: no ṣ. adhi + i + ya → adhītya and pretya: tuk by SK 2858 sees the short i.
• 3334 vā lyapi 6.4.38 — before lyap, the nasal loss of SK 2428 is optional, as a restricted option. For the m-final aniṭ roots it is optional: āgatya / āgamya, praṇatya / praṇamya. For the n-final aniṭ roots and van etc. it is fixed: prahatya, pramatya, pravatya, vitatya.
• Paribhāṣā (from the mention of lyap in ado jagdhiḥ…, SK 3080): lyap, though bahiraṅga, blocks even antaraṅga operations. Hence:
• vidhāya: no hi.
• pradāya: no dad. Ours and the print read pradhāya; Print Check V.
• prakhanya: no ā, and no iṭ (TB).
• prasthāya: no i.
• prakramya: no lengthening.
• āpṛcchya: no śūṭh.
• pradīvya: no śūṭh and no iṭ (BM, TB).
• prapaṭhya: reading it as the iṭ example is only the translator's (audit W13 MUST-FIX).
• 3335 na lyapi 6.4.69 — before lyap, there is no ī (from SK 2843) for ghu, mā, sthā etc. (SK 2462): pra + dheṭ → pradhāya; pramāya, pragāya, prapāya, prahāya, prasāya. ā by SK 2508: nimāya, upadāya. By SK 2509: vilāya / vilīya. With ṇi lost: uttārya, vicārya.
• 3336 lyapi laghupūrvāt 6.4.56 — before lyap, ṇi becomes ay (ṇeḥ from SK 2313, ay from SK 2311) after a sound with a light vowel before it: vi + gaṇi + lyap → vigaṇayya; praṇamayya; prabebhidayya. Not sampradhārya.
• 3337 vibhāṣāpaḥ 6.4.57 — for āp, the ay is optional. The bracket comes from the kaumudī's own gloss, and BM calls it an aprāptavibhāṣā: prāpayya / prāpya.
• 3338 kṣiyaḥ 6.4.59 — kṣi is lengthened before lyap (lyapi from 3336, dīrghaḥ from SK 3544, BM): prakṣīya.
• 3339 lyapi ca 6.1.41 — before lyap, veñ takes no saṃprasāraṇa (veñaḥ from SK 2415, na saṃprasāraṇam from SK 363, BM): pravāya.
• 3340 jyaś ca 6.1.42 — jyā likewise: prajyāya.
• 3341 vyaś ca 6.1.43 — vyeñ likewise: upavyāya.
• 3342 vibhāṣā pareḥ 6.1.44 — after pari, vyeñ optionally takes saṃprasāraṇa. Lengthening by halaḥ (SK 2559) overrides tuk (SK 2858) by paratva: parivīya / parivyāya.
• mukhaṃ vyādāya svapiti, netre nimīlya hasati: the sleeping and laughing go on after the opening and closing, so the ktvā (lyap) of the earlier time is justified.

II.J. ṇamul and khamuñ: repetition, priority, and kṛñ with set upapadas — running example: smṛ + ṇamul → (vṛddhi) smār-am → (dvitva, SK 2140) smāraṃ smāraṃ namati śivam

• 3343 ābhīkṣṇye ṇamul ca 3.4.22 — in the domain of 3320 (TB "pūrvaviṣaye"), for repetition, ṇamul comes, and ktvā too, doubled by SK 2140: smāraṃ smāram / smṛtvā smṛtvā; pāyaṃ pāyam (yuk by SK 2761); bhojaṃ bhojam; śrāvaṃ śrāvam.
• Before ṇi + ṇamul, the root vowel, shortened by SK 2568, is optionally lengthened (SK 2762; audit W14): gamaṃ gamam / gāmaṃ gāmam.
• num is optional (SK 2765): lambhaṃ lambham / lābhaṃ lābham. Being a restricted option, it is fixed with an upasarga: pralambhaṃ pralambham.
• guṇa by SK 2480: jāgaraṃ jāgaram, and likewise for the ṇi-final.
• 3344 na yady anākāṅkṣe 3.4.23 — with yad as upapada, the earlier-time affixes (ktvā, ṇamul) do not come if the sentence needs no other: yad ayaṃ bhuṅkte tataḥ paṭhati. Where it does: yad ayaṃ bhuktvā vrajati tato 'dhīte.
• 3345 vibhāṣāgreprathamapūrveṣu 3.4.24 — with agre, prathama or pūrva, ktvā and ṇamul are optional ("ābhīkṣṇye" is not carried): agre bhojaṃ vrajati / agre bhuktvā; prathamaṃ bhojam; pūrvaṃ bhojam.
• Otherwise laṭ etc.: agre bhuṅkte tato vrajati.
• In repetition the affixes are obligatory, by pūrvavipratiṣedha: agre bhojaṃ bhojaṃ vrajati. TB: agre and bhojam stay separate.
• 3346 karmaṇy ākrośe kṛñaḥ khamuñ 3.4.25 — khamuñ after kṛñ with an object upapada, in abuse; kṛ here means "utter": caura + kṛ + khamuñ → (mum) cauraṅkāram ākrośati.
• 3347 svādumi ṇamul 3.4.26 — ṇamul after kṛñ (not khamuñ, which is not svarita, BM), for the earlier time, with svādu or its synonyms; the m of the prior member is by nipātana: asvāduṃ svāduṃ kṛtvā bhuṅkte → svāduṅkāraṃ bhuṅkte; sampannaṅkāram, lavaṇaṅkāram. ktvā comes too, by vāsarūpa: svāduṃ kṛtvā.
• 3348 anyathaivaṃkathamitthaṃsu siddhāprayogaś cet 3.4.27 — ṇamul after kṛñ (both supplied by the kaumudī) with anyathā, evam, katham or ittham, when kṛñ is redundant: anyathākāram, evaṅkāram, kathaṅkāram, itthaṅkāraṃ bhuṅkte = itthaṃ bhuṅkte. Not śiro 'nyathā kṛtvā bhuṅkte, where kṛ is needed.
• 3349 yathātathayor asūyāprativacane 3.4.28 — "kṛñaḥ" and "siddhāprayogaḥ" continue. With yathā or tathā, in a resentful reply: yathākāram ahaṃ bhokṣye tathākāraṃ bhokṣye, kiṃ tavānena.
• 3350 karmaṇi dṛśividoḥ sākalye 3.4.29 — ṇamul after dṛś and vid, with an object upapada, for totality (3320 still carried, BM): kanyādarśaṃ varayati (every girl he sees); brāhmaṇavedaṃ bhojayati.
• 3351 yāvati vindajīvoḥ 3.4.30 — with yāvat, ṇamul after vind (vid "gain", num by SK 2542, TB) and jīv: yāvadvedaṃ bhuṅkte (print yāval labhate), yāvajjīvam adhīte. "pūrvakāle" is not connected (BM).
• 3352 carmodarayoḥ pūreḥ 3.4.31 — "karmaṇi" continues. pūri is the causative (TB). With carman or udara as object: carmapūraṃ stṛṇāti; udarapūraṃ bhuṅkte "he eats, filling the belly".
• 3353 varṣapramāṇa ūlopaś cāsyānyatarasyām 3.4.32 — when a measure of rain is meant, ṇamul after pūri, and its ū is optionally lost: goṣpadapūraṃ / goṣpadapraṃ vṛṣṭo devaḥ. "asya" keeps the loss off the upapada: mūṣikābilapram.
• 3354 cele knopeḥ 3.4.33 — for a measure of rain, with a cloth-word as object, after knopi (the causative of knūy, puk by SK 2570): celaknopaṃ vṛṣṭo devaḥ; vastraknopam, vasanaknopam.

II.K. kaṣādi: ṇamul that re-employs its own root — running example: nimūla + kaṣ + ṇamul → (vṛddhi) nimūla-kāṣ-am → nimūlakāṣaṃ kaṣati

• 3355 nimūlasamūlayoḥ kaṣaḥ 3.4.34 — "karmaṇi" continues. With nimūla or samūla as object, ṇamul after kaṣ. In the rules beginning here (3355–3366, BM) the anuprayoga is the same root (3367), and "pūrvakāle" is not connected: nimūlakāṣaṃ kaṣati, samūlakāṣaṃ kaṣati. The two kaṣ are one meaning, related as general to particular (TB).
• 3356 śuṣkacūrṇarūkṣeṣu piṣaḥ 3.4.35 — "karmaṇi" comes from SK 3350 (TB under sk.3359.t1). With śuṣka, cūrṇa or rūkṣa as object, ṇamul after piṣ: śuṣkapeṣaṃ pinaṣṭi = śuṣkaṃ pinaṣṭi; cūrṇapeṣam, rūkṣapeṣam.
• 3357 samūlākṛtajīveṣu hankṛñgrahaḥ 3.4.36 — samūla, akṛta and jīva go with han, kṛñ and grah respectively: samūlaghātaṃ hanti, akṛtakāraṃ karoti, jīvagrāhaṃ gṛhṇāti. jīva is the agent-ka of igupadha… (SK 2897), not a bhāva-ghañ (BM).
• 3358 karaṇe hanaḥ 3.4.37 — with an instrument upapada, ṇamul after han: pādaghātaṃ hanti = pādena hanti. The rule is for the yathāvidhi anuprayoga and the obligatory compound (SK 782); with a different root, SK 3369 applies. BM reports the Bhāṣya's purpose: ahiṃsārthan nityasamāsārthaś ca.
• 3359 snehane piṣaḥ 3.4.38 — with a moistener as instrument (karaṇe from 3358, TB): udakena pinaṣṭi → (uda, SK 996) udapeṣaṃ pinaṣṭi.
• 3360 haste vartigrahoḥ 3.4.39 — with a hand-word as instrument, after varti (the causative of vṛt) and grah: hastavartaṃ vartayati, karavartam; hastagrāhaṃ gṛhṇāti, karagrāham, pāṇigrāham.
• 3361 sve puṣaḥ 3.4.40 — with sva as instrument, taken in its meaning (itself, a synonym, a particular kind): svapoṣaṃ puṣṇāti, dhanapoṣam, gopoṣam.
• 3362 adhikaraṇe bandhaḥ 3.4.41 — with a place as upapada, ṇamul after bandh: cakrabandhaṃ badhnāti = cakre badhnāti.
• 3363 saṃjñāyām 3.4.42 — ṇamul after bandh in a name. The rule is begun for an upapada that is not a place (TB, BM): krauñcabandhaṃ baddhaḥ, mayūrikābandham, aṭṭālikābandham.
• 3364 kartror jīvapuruṣayor naśivahoḥ 3.4.43 — with jīva or puruṣa as agent, ṇamul after naś and vah respectively: jīvanāśaṃ naśyati, puruṣavāhaṃ vahati.
• 3365 ūrdhve śuṣipūroḥ 3.4.44 — with ūrdhva as agent, after śuṣ and pūr: ūrdhvaśoṣaṃ śuṣyati (a tree dries while still standing upright); ūrdhvapūraṃ pūryate (a pot fills mouth-up, just as it stands).
• 3366 upamāne karmaṇi ca 3.4.45 — with a standard of comparison as object, or by ca as agent: ghṛtanidhāyaṃ nihitaṃ jalam (stored like ghee); ajakanāśaṃ naṣṭaḥ (vanished like an ajaka).
• 3367 kaṣādiṣu yathāvidhy anuprayogaḥ 3.4.46 — in 3355–3366, the root used after the ṇamul-form is the very root that took ṇamul. "It has been exemplified so": nimūlakāṣaṃ kaṣati.

II.L. ṇamul for the earlier action, with a case-marked upapada — running example: mūlaka + upa-daṃś + ṇamul → mūlakopadaṃśaṃ bhuṅkte (or mūlakenopadaṃśam)

• 3368 upadaṃśas tṛtīyāyām 3.4.47 — "From here onward 'pūrvakāle' is connected" (by a frog's leap, with samānakartṛkayoḥ, BM). With a third-case upapada, ṇamul after upa-daṃś. The compound is optional (SK 784): mūlakopadaṃśaṃ / mūlakenopadaṃśaṃ bhuṅkte. The radish is the instrument of eating. With biting it has only a connection by sense (as its object), which suffices by force of the word "tṛtīyāyām".
• 3369 hiṃsārthānāṃ ca samānakarmakāṇām 3.4.48 — after an injury-root with the same object as the anuprayoga, with a third-case upapada: daṇḍopaghātaṃ / daṇḍenopaghātaṃ gāḥ kālayati; daṇḍatāḍam. With different objects there is no ṇamul: daṇḍena coram āhatya gāḥ kālayati.
• 3370 saptamyāṃ copapīḍarudhakarṣaḥ 3.4.49 — after upa-pīḍ, upa-rudh and upa-karṣ, with a seventh-case or (by ca) third-case upapada (BM): pārśvopapīḍaṃ śete (pārśvayor / pārśvābhyām); vrajoparodhaṃ gāḥ sthāpayati; pāṇyupakarṣaṃ dhānāḥ saṃgṛhṇāti.
• 3371 samāsattau 3.4.50 — with a third- or seventh-case upapada, when closeness is meant: keśagrāhaṃ yudhyante (keśeṣu gṛhītvā); hastagrāham (hastena gṛhītvā).
• 3372 pramāṇe ca 3.4.51 — likewise when a measure is meant: dvyaṅgulotkarṣaṃ khaṇḍikāṃ chinatti (dvyaṅgula with the samāsānta ac, TB).
• 3373 apādāne parīpsāyām 3.4.52 — with an apādāna upapada, when haste is meant: śayyotthāyaṃ dhāvati.
• 3374 dvitīyāyāṃ ca 3.4.53 — with a second-case upapada, in haste ("parīpsāyām" continues): yaṣṭigrāhaṃ yudhyante, loṣṭagrāham.
• 3375 apaguro ṇamuli 6.1.53 — before ṇamul, the ec of apa-gur optionally becomes ā (the o made by guṇa): asi + apa-gor-am → asyapagoraṃ / asyapagāraṃ yudhyante (= asim udyamya, TB). The print's AS number 6.1.56 is a misprint.
• 3376 svāṅge 'dhruve 3.4.54 — with a second-case word for a body part that is not dhruva: bhrūvikṣepaṃ kathayati. Not śira utkṣipya, since dhruva is "that without which there is no life".
• 3377 parikliśyamāne ca 3.4.55 — a second-case body-part word for what is afflicted all over. This rule covers a vital part too: uraḥpratipeṣaṃ yudhyante; urovidāraṃ praticaskare nakhaiḥ (praticaskare: passive liṭ of prati-kṝ, with suṭ by SK 2539–2540).
• 3378 viśipatipadiskandāṃ vyāpyamānāsevyamānayoḥ 3.4.56 — with a second-case upapada, after viś, pat, pad and skand, for pervasion or repetition: gehānupraveśam āste; gehānuprapātam, gehānuprapādam, gehānuskandam.
• The compound itself expresses both senses, so there is no doubling by SK 2140. Uncompounded, geha or the ṇamul-form is doubled: gehaṃ-geham anupraveśam (pervasion); geham anupraveśam-anupraveśam (repetition).
• The rule is restated, despite 3343, to give the second-case word upapada status.
• 3379 asyatitṛṣoḥ kriyāntare kāleṣu 3.4.57 — with second-case time-words, after as and tṛṣ in the sense of putting an interval into an action: dvyahātyāsaṃ gāḥ pāyayati / dvyaham atyāsam; dvyahatarṣam / dvyahaṃ tarṣam.
• 3380 nāmny ādiśigrahoḥ 3.4.58 — with nāman in the second case, after ā-diś and grah: nāmādeśam ācaṣṭe, nāmagrāham āhvayati.

II.M. ktvā and ṇamul after kṛ and bhū with indeclinable upapadas; the close of the uttarārdha — running example: uccaiḥ + kṛ → uccaiḥkṛtya (compound, lyap) / uccaiḥ kṛtvā / uccaiḥkāram

• 3381 avyaye 'yathābhipretākhyāne kṛñaḥ ktvāṇamulau 3.4.59 — with an indeclinable upapada, when something is said contrary to what is intended, ktvā and ṇamul come after kṛñ: uccaiḥkṛtya / uccaiḥ kṛtvā / uccaiḥkāram apriyam ācaṣṭe; nīcaiḥkṛtya … priyaṃ brūte. lyap comes only in the optional compound (SK 784, BM).
• 3382 tiryacy apavarge 3.4.60 — with tiryak, for completion: tiryakkṛtya / tiryak kṛtvā / tiryakkāraṃ gataḥ. Not tiryak kṛtvā kāṣṭhaṃ gataḥ (the log set crosswise).
• 3383 svāṅge taspratyaye kṛbhvoḥ 3.4.61 — with a body-part word in -tas, after kṛ and bhū (with no one-to-one pairing): mukhataḥkṛtya / mukhataḥ kṛtvā / mukhataḥkāram; mukhatobhūya / mukhato bhūtvā / mukhatobhāvam.
• 3384 nādhārthapratyaye cvyarthe 3.4.62 — with a word in nā (SK 1828) or in a dhā-sense affix (SK 1988, 1991), in the sense of cvi: anānā nānā kṛtvā → nānākṛtya / nānā kṛtvā / nānākāram; vinākṛtya; nānābhūya; ekadhābhūya, ekadhākṛtya. Not hiruk kṛtvā, pṛthag bhūtvā: no affix, so ktvā only.
• 3385 tūṣṇīmi bhuvaḥ 3.4.63 — with tūṣṇīm, after bhū only (BM: bhū is named to exclude kṛ; TB: tūṣṇīm is): tūṣṇīṃbhūya / tūṣṇīṃ bhūtvā / tūṣṇīṃbhāvam.
• 3386 anvacy ānulomye 3.4.64 — with anvak, for conformity, after bhū: anvagbhūya / anvag bhūtvā / anvagbhāvam āste. Not anvag bhūtvā tiṣṭhati (merely behind). anvaci is a sūtra licence for anūci (BM; TB: lengthening by cau, SK 417).
• The close. Two verses follow. The first says only a bare indication of current usage is given here, the full treatment being in the Śabdakaustubha; the second dedicates the work to Bhavānī and Viśvanātha. Then the print's colophons, missing from ours and supplied in brackets: "[iti uttarakṛdantam]" and "[iti śrībhaṭṭojidīkṣitaviracitāyāṃ siddhāntakaumudyām uttarārdhaṃ samāptam]".