तिङन्तसन्प्रकरणम्

Covers SK 2608–2628 (21 sūtras): all present. Every unit has its own kaumudī, and none is swapped. Nothing could not be placed. The spine is not an Aṣṭādhyāyī run. The SK gathers the rules for the desiderative san from AS books 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8: 3.1.7 → 1.2.8 → 7.2.12 → 7.2.75 → 1.2.9–10 → 6.4.16 → 2.4.47–48 → 1.2.26 → 7.2.49 → 7.4.55 → 7.4.58 → 7.4.56 → 6.4.17 → 7.4.54 → 7.4.57 → 7.2.41 → 7.2.74 → 8.3.61–62. There are two short runs: the kit rules 1.2.8–10 (split by 7.2.12 and 7.2.75), and the abhyāsa-deleting block 7.4.54–58, which the SK scatters as 2619, 2620, 2621, 2623 and 2624. Every AS-ref below is checked against references/ashtadhyayi/sutraani-data.json, and all 21 match. That file numbers 6.1.31 as skn 2601 and 2.4.51 as skn 2579 (the p54 swap). This outline follows the print: 2579 = 6.1.31 (śvi) and 2601 = 2.4.51 (gāṅ).

• Anuvṛtti from later in the SK. Several rules carry words from sūtras the SK teaches only later:
• sani mīmāghu… (7.4.54, SK 2623) gives sani and acaḥ to 2619, 2621 and 2624, and is the first of the four rules that atra in 2620 points to;
• smipūṅrañjvaśāṃ sani (7.2.74, SK 2626) gives sani at 2611;
• stautiṇyor eva… (SK 2627) is cited ahead at 2618 ("to be stated") to explain susyūṣati.
• The outline names them where BM does.
• Anuvṛtti from p54 and earlier. ṇau gamir abodhane (2.4.46, SK 2607) gives gamiḥ and abodhane to 2615 and 2616. guptijkidbhyaḥ san (3.1.5, SK 2393) gives san to 2608. asaṃyogāl liṭ kit (1.2.5, SK 2242) gives kit to 2609, 2612, 2613 and 2617. saḥ sy ārdhadhātuke (7.4.49, SK 2342) gives si ("beginning with s") to 2619, 2621, 2623 and 2624.

tiṅantasanprakaraṇam — outline (p55, SK 2608–2628, all 21 sūtras)

p54 (tiṅantaṇicprakaraṇam) closed at 2607 ṇau gamir abodhane, with the vārttika īrṣyates tṛtīyasya and the colophon "iti ṇyantaprakriyā" (supplied in brackets; ours lacks it).

• Where the prakaraṇa begins. The print heads it "tiṅante sannantaprakriyā 52" (NSP p. 433, scan page-0443). Our name and number, tiṅantasanprakaraṇam 55, follow our own numbering. sk2608 opens with the vidhi dhātoḥ karmaṇaḥ samānakartṛkād icchāyāṃ vā (3.1.7).
• Where it ends. At 2628 saḥ svidisvadisahīnāṃ ca, with the Bhāṣya verse "no san after a sannanta" (jugupsiṣate, mīmāṃsiṣate). The print closes "iti sannantaprakriyā" (NSP p. 437, scan page-0447). Ours lacks it, so the English supplies it in brackets. The print then heads "tiṅante yaṅantaprakriyā 53", and p56 opens with dhātor ekāco halādeḥ kriyāsamabhihāre yaṅ (SK 2629).
• Contents in outline.
• 2608: the desiderative. san comes in the sense of wishing, after a dhātu whose action is the object of the wishing and has the same agent: pipaṭhiṣati, jighatsati, īrṣyiyiṣati / īrṣyiṣiṣati.
• 2609, 2612, 2613, 2617: when san is kit (so the light penultimate takes no guṇa): rurudiṣati, bubhūṣati, bibhitsati; optionally for a seṭ san: didyutiṣate / didyotiṣate.
• 2610, 2611, 2618, 2625, 2626: iṭ on san.
• None: jighṛkṣati, bubhūṣati.
• Obligatory: pipṛcchiṣati, cikariṣati; sismayiṣate, aririṣati.
• Optional: dudyūṣati / dideviṣati; titīrṣati / titariṣati / titarīṣati.
• 2614, 2622: the long vowel before a jhal-initial san. cicīṣati, jighāṃsati, titāṃsati / titaṃsati.
• 2615–2616: gam for iṇ, iṅ (and ik). jigamiṣati, jigāṃsyate, adhijigāṃsate; but pratīṣiṣati.
• 2619–2621, 2623–2624: a vowel substitute, and the abhyāsa dropped. īpsati, īrtsati, dhipsati / dhīpsati, pitsati, ditsati, mitsati, ripsate, mokṣate.
• 2627–2628: the ṣ after the abhyāsa. Only stu and the ṇi-final take it: tuṣṭūṣati, suṣvāpayiṣati, but sisikṣati. svid, svad and sah keep the s: sisvedayiṣati. The san-on-ṇic forms recalled under 2626 belong here: adhijigāpayiṣati, juhāvayiṣati, pipāvayiṣati.

Threads that run through the prakaraṇa:

• Two sans. The san of guptijkidbhyaḥ san (SK 2393: jugupsate, mīmāṃsate) is in the root's own sense (svārtha). The san of 2608 is icchā-san, the desiderative. Both make a san-final dhātu (sanādyantā dhātavaḥ, 3.1.32, SK 2304).
• Being prescribed with dhātoḥ, the icchā-san is ārdhadhātuka, and so takes iṭ. BM (Wikisource): otherwise the svārtha-san of jugupsate would also be ārdhadhātuka, and the light penultimate would take guṇa.
• The vārttika āśaṅkāyāṃ san vaktavyaḥ (2622.k2) adds san in the sense of apprehension: śvā mumūrṣati, kūlaṃ pipatiṣati.
• The Bhāṣya verse at 2628: an icchā-san does not follow an icchā-sannanta, but it does follow a svārtha-sannanta: jugupsiṣate, mīmāṃsiṣate.
• Pada. The sannanta takes the pada of its base by pūrvavat sanaḥ (1.3.62, SK 2734): didīṣate (2612), didariṣate (2611), adhijigāṃsate (2616), mitsati / mitsate (2623). Also jñāśrusmṛdṛśāṃ sanaḥ (1.3.57, SK 2731): śuśrūṣate (2626).
• The san frame. The steps are:
• san after the dhātu (2608);
• the iṭ question (2610, 2611, 2618, 2625, 2626; ekāca upadeśe 'nudāttāt, 7.2.10, SK 2246, for the anudātta roots);
• the kit question (2609, 2612, 2613, 2617);
• stem changes: lengthening (2614, 2622), gam (2615–2616), and is / ī / i / guṇa (2619–2624);
• doubling by sanyaṅoḥ (6.1.9, SK 2395), or by ajāder dvitīyasya (6.1.2, SK 2176) for vowel-initial roots;
• the abhyāsa vowel by sanyataḥ (7.4.79, SK 2317): a → i; or the abhyāsa is dropped (2620);
• ṣ for the s of san, and the restricted ṣ after the abhyāsa (2627–2628).
• iṭ decides kit and length. With iṭ the san begins with i, not a jhal. So 2612–2613 do not make it kit, and 2614 does not lengthen. That is why the forms pair off:
• bubhūṣati (no iṭ, kit, no guṇa);
• dudyūṣati / dideviṣati;
• dhipsati / didambhiṣati (the n is lost only in the kit form);
• titṛkṣati / titṛṃhiṣati;
• jigāṃsyate (no iṭ before taṅ: long) / jigamiṣati (iṭ: short).
• What kit does here.
• It blocks guṇa: rurudiṣati, bibhitsati, ditsati, mitsati.
• It brings saṃprasāraṇa: jighṛkṣati and pipṛcchiṣati by grahijyā… (6.1.16, SK 2412); suṣupsati by vacisvapi… (6.1.15, SK 2409).
• It brings loss of the n by aniditāṃ hala upadhāyāḥ kṅiti (6.4.24, SK 415): titṛkṣati, dhipsati.
• It denies dīṅ the e-domain, so it does not take ā: didīṣate (2612). That is why mī is named apart from mā in 2623.
• 2624 restores guṇa optionally for intransitive muc: mokṣate.
• hal is a class (jāti) in halantāc ca. The rule reaches tṛṃh (2613) and dambh (2621), where n or ṃ stands between the ik and the final hal.
• The ṣ after the abhyāsa. By default ādeśapratyayayoḥ (8.3.59, SK 212) would give ṣ. 2627 restricts it to stu and the ṇi-final, and only when the san has itself become ṣ.
• No ṣ: susyūṣati (2618), sismayiṣate (2626), sisaniṣati (2621), sisikṣati.
• ṣ where the san has no ṣ: tiṣṭhāsati, suṣupsati, siṣāsati (BM on 2621).
• The restriction blocks only the ṣ of 8.3.59. The ṣ of sthādiṣv abhyāsena ca… (8.3.64, SK 2277) is untouched (madhye 'pavāda-nyāya, BM, TB): pariṣiṣikṣati.
• 2628 keeps the s for svid, svad and sah. The restriction of SK 2277 also blocks ṣ in abhisusūṣati.
• Maxims worked in this prakaraṇa.
• dvirvacane 'ci (1.1.59, SK 2243) has two readings (BM): the substitute takes on the original's form (rūpātideśa), or the substitute is not made (ādeśaniṣedha). Either way the abhyāsa of ūrṇunaviṣati shows u (2621).
• kāryam anubhavan hi kāryī nimittatayā nāśrīyate: what undergoes an operation is not its cause. It is invoked at 2621 (ūrṇu: nu is doubled, not the san) and at 2626 (aririṣati: is, a part of the san, is a kāryin, so dvirvacane 'ci does not apply).
• pūrvatrāsiddhīyam advirvacane: īrtsati (2620), ucicchiṣati (2626).
• nimittāpāye naimittikasyāpy apāyaḥ is anitya: ucicchiṣati (2626).
• An upadhā operation is stronger than doubling (the jñāpaka is the ṛ-marking of oṇ): eṣiṣiṣati (2617). BM calls the general scope cintya.
• The lakṣaṇa-pratipadokta maxim is anitya (TB): minoti's lengthened mī is taken (2623).
• The niranubandhaka maxim concerns affixes only (TB): both śak roots are taken (2623).
• The takrakauṇḍinya maxim is anitya (TB): pratīṣiṣati's abhyāsa takes i (2615).
• Recalled rules (smāryate).
• sanyataḥ (SK 2317), luṅsanor ghasḷ (SK 2427) and ekāca upadeśe… (SK 2246) under 2608;
• grahijyā… under 2610;
• sanliṭor jeḥ (SK 2331) and vibhāṣā ceḥ (SK 2525) under 2614;
• dyutisvāpyoḥ (SK 2344) under 2617 and 2627;
• cchvoḥ… (SK 2561) under 2618;
• udoṣṭhyapūrvasya (SK 2494) and janasana… (SK 2504) under 2621;
• skoḥ… (SK 380) under 2623;
• na vṛdbhyaś caturbhyaḥ (SK 2348) and se 'sici… (SK 2506) under 2624;
• under 2626, from the ṇic section: ubhau sābhyāsasya (SK 2606), the two ṇau ca saṃścaṅoḥ (SK 2579, 2601), hvaḥ saṃprasāraṇam (SK 2586), oḥ puyaṇjy apare (SK 2577) and sravati… (SK 2578);
• sthādiṣv abhyāsena ca… (SK 2277) under 2627 and 2628.
• The kaumudī lists forms bare. Derivation stages and root labels are the translator's, following BM and TB as recorded in the unit notes.
• Where the commentary lies. Only the kaumudī blocks are translated (SK-TRANSLATE §25).
• TB missing from our source: TB on 2608 and the opening of TB on 2609 are printed at the foot of NSP p. 433 (scan page-0443). The rest of TB on 2609 is the tail of sk.2607.t1. The en.yml notes cite the scan.
• TB printed under a neighbouring unit:
• 2617 at the tail of sk.2615.t1;
• 2620, 2621 and 2622 inside sk.2619.t1;
• TB on 2629 at the tail of sk.2628.t1.
• There is no TB on 2616 or 2618.
• BM printed under a neighbour: BM on 2627 is the tail of sk.2626.b1. sk.2628.b1 runs on into BM on the sarvasamāsaśeṣa.
• BM garbled or lost in ours (Wikisource uttara-2 has the full text):
• 2608 (eye-skip on the jugupsate point; WS 0112);
• 2610 (eye-skip: "grah would take iṭ obligatorily, guh optionally"; WS 0113);
• 2612 (ours ikaḥ, WS ukaḥ; the note follows WS);
• 2615 (lacuna after 'dīrgho'; WS 0115–0116);
• 2621 (the 'amitas tu' gloss; WS 0120);
• 2626 (its opening dvandva gloss and the hvaḥ / juhāvayiṣati gloss; WS 0122, 0124).

The p55 audit (.work/sk-run/p55-58-audit/sk2608-2617.md, sk2618-2627.md, sk2628-2637.md) found no MUST-FIX in 2608–2628. Where its MINOR items bear on a reading, this outline follows the audit. A fixer is applying them to the notes in parallel.

• 2608: "(SK 2607)" after īrṣyates tṛtīyasya is the translator's pointer to where the vārttika was stated. The kaumudī has only the print's vārttika sign.
• BM's lemma is uncertain between witnesses (our OCR 'ysanoḥ', WS 'yisanoḥ'). Only BM's form, īrṣyyiṣati, differs from the kaumudī's īrṣyiyiṣati.
• The jugupsate point (guṇa of the light penultimate would follow) is from WS BM.
• 2610: our BM has lost "grah would take iṭ obligatorily, guh optionally" by an eye-skip. It is not an alternative text. TB says the same. Only the closing bubhūṣati passage genuinely differs (ours cites the Śabdenduśekhara).
• 2611: TB's kecit view reads "Some, however, hold…", not "Others".
• 2612: BM's "no iṭ because it follows uk" is the WS reading. Ours has ikaḥ.
• 2622: TB's preferred construal of śvā mumūrṣati takes the apprehension of death (with the one dog as its object) as the chief thing meant. The English follows BM's "one whose death is apprehended", which matches the view TB gives as anye's.
• 2626: "pu" in puyaṇji means the labials (pavarga).
• 2627: nānyasya means "not for [the s] of any other root or stem", not "no other s". The non-abhyāsa s of pratīṣiṣati and adhīṣiṣati does take ṣ.

Print readings (NSP, scan-confirmed) that the outline follows:

• 2613: jhalādiḥ san.
• 2615: na tu bodhane. Ours, TB's lemma and WS read pratīṣiṣati; the print's kaumudī has the misprint pratiṣiṣati.
• 2617: lilekhiṣati (supplied) and sāmānyāpekṣajñāpakatvāt.
• 2618: ivantebhya.
• 2621: ādeśaniṣedhād. dvirvacane 'ci is SK 2243, though the print and ours both misprint 2343.
• 2623: mitsate | mā māne | mitsati | māṅmeṅoḥ | mitsate (supplied), and śakḷ.
• 2626: cukṣāvayiṣati; yiyāvayiṣati, rirāvayiṣati and lilāvayiṣati (supplied); jijāvayiṣati.
• 2627: pariṣiṣikṣati.
• 2628: na saniṣyate and sarūpaḥ, plus the colophon "iti sannantaprakriyā".

Still open for Ajai (mūla):

• All the print readings above. source.json has not been edited.
• 2623, new from the audit: ours mīrupatvā-, print mīrūpatvā- (scan page-0445). It is orthographic, and the English is unaffected.
• 2626: ours and the print cite ṇau ca saṃścaṅoḥ only as 2579, though the kaumudī says "sūtrābhyām". WS cites 2579 and 2601, and the English adds "[and SK 2601]".
• The '(vārtikam)' tags at 2615.k3, 2621.k3, 2622.k3 and 2623.k3 are editorial. The print's vārttika sign stands before the vārttika itself (k2). It also stands before īrṣyates tṛtīyasya (2608) and atreṭo dīrgho neṣṭaḥ (2611), which ours does not mark.

Ordering: grouped by outcome, which departs from SK order in four places:

• 2617 is pulled forward into group B, with the other kit rules.
• 2618, 2625 and 2626 are pulled into group C, with the other iṭ rules (2610–2611).
• 2622 is pulled forward into group D, with 2614.
• The ṇic + san recalls of 2626 are placed in group G, beside 2627–2628, whose ṣ they feed.

Groups are ordered by their first sūtra. Within each group the SK order is kept.

A. The desiderative: san in the sense of wishing — running example: paṭhitum icchati: paṭh + san → paṭh-iṣa (iṭ) → pa-paṭh-iṣa (doubling) → pi-paṭh-iṣa (sanyataḥ) → pipaṭhiṣati

• 2608 dhātoḥ karmaṇaḥ samānakartṛkād icchāyāṃ vā 3.1.7 — san comes optionally, in the sense of wishing, after a dhātu whose action is the object of the wishing and has the same agent as the wishing. san is carried from guptijkidbhyaḥ san (3.1.5, SK 2393). Object-hood and same-agent-hood are both measured against the wishing (BM, TB).
• paṭh + san: being prescribed with dhātoḥ, the san is ārdhadhātuka, so it takes iṭ. Doubling is by sanyaṅoḥ (6.1.9, SK 2395), and the abhyāsa a → i by sanyataḥ (7.4.79, SK 2317): pipaṭhiṣati. BM: "wishes reading done by oneself".
• karmaṇaḥ kim? gamanena icchati (the going is the instrument). samānakartṛkāt kim? śiṣyāḥ paṭhantv iti icchati guruḥ. vā: in the alternative the analytic sentence (vākya) is used too.
• attum icchati:
• ghas replaces ad by luṅsanor ghasḷ (2.4.37, SK 2427).
• There is no iṭ by ekāca upadeśe… (7.2.10, SK 2246).
• The s of ghas → t by saḥ sy ārdhadhātuke (7.4.49, SK 2342).
• With doubling, jaś and cu in the abhyāsa (BM): jighatsati.
• īrṣy, by the vārttika īrṣyates tṛtīyasya (stated under SK 2607): either yi is doubled or the san is (TB: the "third consonant" and "third ekāc" readings): īrṣyiyiṣati / īrṣyiṣiṣati. BM and the WS kaumudī give the first as īrṣyyiṣati.
• See 2622 (the āśaṅkā vārttika) and 2628 (no san after an icchā-sannanta).

B. When san is kit: no guṇa of the stem — running example: rud + san → rud-iṣa (kit, 2609: no guṇa) → ru-rud-iṣa → rurudiṣati; bhū + sa → bhū-ṣa (kit, 2612) → bubhūṣati; bhid + sa → bibhitsati (2613); optional didyutiṣate / didyotiṣate (2617, pulled forward)

• 2609 rudavidamuṣagrahisvapipracchaḥ saṃś ca 1.2.8 — after rud, vid, muṣ, grah, svap and pracch, san (and ktvā) are kit. ktvā is gathered by the ca from mṛḍamṛdagudha… (1.2.7, SK 3323), and kit is carried from SK 2242 (BM).
• rurudiṣati, vividiṣati, mumuṣiṣati: the san is kit even with iṭ, so the light penultimate takes no guṇa.
• The purpose, by root (BM, TB):
• rud, vid and muṣ would otherwise get only the option of 2617;
• grah is named for ktvā, against na ktvā seṭ (1.2.18, SK 3322);
• svap and pracch are named for san, since their ktvā is kit already.
• Their san forms come later: jighṛkṣati and suṣupsati (2610), pipṛcchiṣati (2611).
• vid: TB takes only vetti, by its pairing with rud. BM reports both views. The English leaves vid unqualified.
• 2612 iko jhal 1.2.9 — a jhal-initial san after a dhātu ending in ik is kit. san is carried from SK 2609, and kit from SK 2242. ik qualifies the dhātu that san implies, so the rule covers what ends in ik (tadantavidhi, BM, TB).
• bhū + sa: there is no iṭ (uk-final, 2610), so the san begins with the jhal s and is kit. No guṇa: bubhūṣati.
• dīṅ, dātum icchati → didīṣate: no guṇa, so there is no e-domain (ej-viṣaya). ā by mīnātiminotidīṅāṃ lyapi ca (6.1.50, SK 2508) does not apply. That is why 2623 names mī apart from mā. Ātmanepada comes by pūrvavat sanaḥ (SK 2734).
• TB's counter-examples: why ik? pipāsati, tiṣṭhāsati. Why jhal? śiśayiṣate.
• 2613 halantāc ca 1.2.10 — a jhal-initial san after a hal that stands near an ik is kit. ik and jhal are carried from 2612, san from 2609 and kit from SK 2242. anta means "near" (BM, TB).
• bhid + sa: the d is the hal next to the ik i. The san is kit, so there is no guṇa: bibhitsati.
• guh: jughukṣati. There is no iṭ (2610), then ḍh, bhaṣbhāva, k and ṣ (BM).
• Why ik? yiyakṣate (yaj, not kit; were it kit, yaj would take saṃprasāraṇa). Why jhal? vivardhiṣate (with iṭ the san does not begin with a jhal).
• hal is a class. In tṛṃh the ṃ stands between the ik and the h, and the rule still applies.
• titṛkṣati: no iṭ, so the san is kit and the n is lost by aniditām… (SK 415).
• titṛṃhiṣati: with iṭ, not kit (ūdit, so iṭ is optional; BM).
• The class reading recurs at 2621: dhipsati.
• 2617 ralo vyupadhād dhalādeḥ saṃś ca 1.2.26 — after a dhātu that begins with a hal, ends in ral and has u or i as its penultimate, seṭ san and ktvā are optionally kit (pulled forward). Carried in:
• ktvā by the ca from pūṅaḥ ktvā ca (1.2.22, SK 3051);
• seṭ from na ktvā seṭ (1.2.18, SK 3322);
• vā from nopadhāt thaphāntād vā (1.2.23, SK 3324);
• kit from SK 2242 (BM, TB).

Forms:

• dyut + iṣa, kit: no guṇa, and the abhyāsa takes saṃprasāraṇa by dyutisvāpyoḥ saṃprasāraṇam (7.4.67, SK 2344): didyutiṣate. Not kit: guṇa, didyotiṣate. Likewise ruruciṣate / rurociṣate and lilikhiṣati / lilekhiṣati (the second supplied from the print).
• Why ral? dideviṣati (div ends in v). Why vyupadhāt? vivartiṣate. Why halādeḥ? eṣiṣiṣati: iṣ is not kit, so guṇa gives eṣ-is, and ṣis is doubled by ajāder dvitīyasya (BM).
• Why halādeḥ is needed at all: doubling is nitya, yet guṇa sets it aside, because an upadhā operation is stronger than doubling. The jñāpaka is the ṛ-marking of oṇ, which applies to the general class of upadhā operations. BM: the Bhāṣya's jñāpaka speaks only of shortening, so the general scope is doubtful (cintya).

C. iṭ on san: none, obligatory, or optional — running example: grah + sa (no iṭ, 2610) → gṛh-sa (kit, saṃprasāraṇa) → ḍh, bhaṣbhāva, k, ṣ → jighṛkṣati; div + sa (no iṭ, 2618) → dudyūṣati / with iṭ dideviṣati (2618, 2625, 2626 pulled into this group)

• 2610 sani grahaguhoś ca 7.2.12 — no iṭ on san after grah, guh, and (by the ca) a dhātu ending in uk. na and iṭ are carried from neḍ vaśi kṛti (7.2.8, SK 2981), and ukaḥ is drawn by the ca from śryukaḥ kiti (7.2.11, SK 2381). śri is not drawn in, since 2618 gives it an option (BM, TB). Without this rule grah would take iṭ obligatorily and guh optionally (TB; BM in WS).
• grah + sa, step by step:
• The san is kit (2609), so the r takes saṃprasāraṇa by grahijyā… (6.1.16, SK 2412): gṛh-sa.
• The ṣ for the san's s is asiddha, so ḍh for h and bhaṣbhāva (g → gh) come first.
• Then k, and ṣ after it, with doubling: jighṛkṣati.
• BM and TB: "because kutva is asiddha" would have been the better wording.
• suṣupsati: svap's san is kit (2609), with saṃprasāraṇa by vacisvapi… (6.1.15, SK 2409).
• The uk-final example is bubhūṣati (TB). Its kit status is under 2612.
• 2611 kiraś ca pañcabhyaḥ 7.2.75 — san takes iṭ after the five tudādi roots kṝ, gṝ, dṛṅ, dhṛṅ and pracch. iṭ is carried from iḍ atyartivyayatīnām (7.2.66, SK 2384), and sani from 2626. It overrides the option of 2625 for kṝ and gṝ, and the bar of SK 2246 for the others (BM).
• pracch + iṣa: kit (2609), saṃprasāraṇa: pipṛcchiṣati.
• cikariṣati, jigariṣati, and jigaliṣati with l by aci vibhāṣā (8.2.21, SK 2541).
• vārttika (print sign) atreṭo dīrgho neṣṭaḥ: the lengthening of iṭ by vṝto vā (7.2.38, SK 2391) is not wanted here. BM: a vārttika found in the vṛtti, not the Bhāṣya. TB: the Bhāṣyakāra's iṣṭi.
• didariṣate (dṛṅ), didhariṣate (dhṛṅ), ātmanepada by SK 2734.
• uddidhīrṣuḥ is not from the kirādi root. It comes from the bhvādi dhṛṅ / dhṛñ, without iṭ (BM):
• lengthening by 2614;
• i by ṝta id dhātoḥ (7.1.100, SK 2390), then r;
• lengthening by hali ca (8.2.77, SK 354);
• then the u suffix.
• 2618 sanīvantardhabhrasjadambhuśrisvṛyūrṇubharajñapisanām 7.2.49 — iṭ on san is optional after iv-final roots, ṛdh, bhrasj, dambh, śri, svṛ, yu, ūrṇu, bhṛ, jñapi and san. vā is carried from svaratisūti… (7.2.44, SK 2279), and iṭ from iṇ niṣṭhāyām (7.2.47, SK 3045) (BM).
• div + sa, without iṭ: the san is kit by 2613. The v → ūṭh by cchvoḥ śūḍ… (6.4.19, SK 2561): di-ū-sa. yaṇ gives dyū, which is doubled (lengthened by 2614, BM): dudyūṣati. With iṭ there is no kit and so guṇa: dideviṣati.
• siv: susyūṣati / siseviṣati. No ṣ after the abhyāsa, by the restriction 2627 (cited ahead).
• ṛdh and bhrasj, worked under 2620:
• ardidhiṣati;
• bibhrajjiṣati / bibharjiṣati (with iṭ, with or without ram by bhrasjo ropadhayoḥ ram anyatarasyām, 6.4.47, SK 2535);
• bibhrakṣati / bibharkṣati (without iṭ).
• dambh: under 2621.
• The rest of the list, worked under 2621 (without iṭ / with iṭ):
• śiśrīṣati / śiśrayiṣati;
• susvūrṣati / sisvariṣati (u by udoṣṭhyapūrvasya, 7.1.102, SK 2494);
• yuyūṣati / yiyaviṣati;
• ūrṇunūṣati / ūrṇunuviṣati, ūrṇunaviṣati (with iṭ, optional ṅit-status by vibhāṣorṇoḥ, 1.2.3, SK 2447);
• bubhūrṣati / bibhariṣati;
• jñīpsati / jijñapayiṣati;
• siṣāsati / sisaniṣati (ā for the n by janasanakhanāṃ sañjhaloḥ, 6.4.42, SK 2504).
• ūrṇu's abhyāsa shows u. Guṇa and av, being para, would seem to come first and give i in the abhyāsa. They do not, because dvirvacane 'ci (1.1.59, SK 2243) either extends the original's form or bars the substitute. The objection that the san cannot cause doubling while undergoing it fails: kāryam anubhavan hi kāryī nimittatayā nāśrīyate, and here it is nu that is doubled, not the san (2621).
• jñapi is the mit ghaṭādi ṇic-stem with puk, and also the curādi root that ends in p of itself (BM).
• Without iṭ the san is kit by 2612, so the ṇic takes no guṇa.
• The deletion of ṇi, being para, blocks the lengthening of 2614.
• Then ī by 2619 and the abhyāsa is dropped: jñīpsati.
• The non-mit jñāpi takes iṭ obligatorily: jijñāpayiṣati (BM in WS).
• vārttika (sk.2621.k2) tanipatidaridrātibhyaḥ sano vā iḍ vācyaḥ: optional iṭ for tan, pat and daridrā. Forms: titaniṣati (2622), pipatiṣati (2622), didaridriṣati / didaridrāsati (2623).
• 2625 iṭ sani vā 7.2.41 — san optionally takes iṭ after vṛṅ, vṛñ and a root ending in ṝ in the upadeśa. vṝtaḥ is carried from vṝto vā (SK 2391). upadeśe is carried from SK 2246 (BM, TB). Hence it does not apply in cikīrṣati, where the ṝ comes from 2614.
• tṝ:
• with iṭ: titariṣati, and with that iṭ lengthened by SK 2391, titarīṣati;
• without iṭ: kit by 2612, so no guṇa; ṝ → ir by SK 2390, then hali ca: titīrṣati.
• vṛñ: vivariṣati, vivarīṣati, vuvūrṣati (u by SK 2494). vṛṅ: vuvūrṣate, vivariṣate.
• dudhvūrṣati: dhvṛ, which does not end in ṝ in the upadeśa, so it has no iṭ (TB).
• 2626 smipūṅrañjvaśāṃ sani 7.2.74 — san takes iṭ after smi, pūṅ, ṛ, añjū and aś. iṭ is carried from SK 2384.
• sismayiṣate: no ṣ, by 2627.
• pipaviṣate: i in the abhyāsa by oḥ puyaṇjy apare (7.4.80, SK 2577). pūñ instead gives pupūṣati, with no iṭ by 2610 (BM, TB).
• ṛ + iṣa: guṇa and r give ar-is, and ris is doubled by ajāder dvitīyasya (6.1.2, SK 2176): aririṣati. dvirvacane 'ci does not bar the guṇa: is, a part of the san, shares in the doubling (kāryabhāk), and what undergoes an operation cannot be its cause.
• añjijiṣati: the n is not doubled (na ndrāḥ…, 6.1.3, SK 2446). aśiśiṣate. Both roots are ūdit, so iṭ would otherwise be optional. Here it is obligatory.
• Further forms in the same kaumudī:
• prāṇiṇiṣati (ubhau sābhyāsasya, 8.4.21, SK 2606);
• ucicchiṣati: tuk by che ca, then ścutva. By pūrvatrāsiddhīyam advirvacane, the iṭ is doubled together with c and ch. Then halādiḥ śeṣaḥ (7.4.60, SK 2179). The tuk's c survives in the abhyāsa because nimittāpāye naimittikasyāpy apāyaḥ is anitya. The jñāpaka is the mention of ch with tuk in SK 2561, or the statement of prakṛtipratyāpatti.
• The ṇic + san recalls that follow in this kaumudī are set out under group G.

D. The long vowel before a jhal-initial san — running example: ci + sa → cī-sa (2614) → ci-cī-ṣa → cicīṣati / cikīṣati; han + sa → hān-sa → jighāṃsati; tan + sa → titāṃsati / titaṃsati (2622 pulled forward)

• 2614 ajjhanagamāṃ sani 6.4.16 — before a jhal-initial san, a long vowel replaces the final of an ac-final aṅga, and the penultimate of han and of gam that substitutes for an ac. Carried in:
• dīrghaḥ from ḍhralope pūrvasya dīrgho 'ṇaḥ (6.3.111, SK 174);
• upadhāyāḥ from nopadhāyāḥ (6.4.7, SK 370), for han and gam only;
• aṅgasya from the adhikāra.

"jhal-initial" comes from the Bhāṣya on cchvoḥ…, and is not an anuvṛtti (BM). Forms:

• ji + sa → jī-sa, doubled, with a velar after the abhyāsa by sanliṭor jeḥ (7.3.57, SK 2331): jigīṣati.
• ci: cikīṣati / cicīṣati (velar optional by vibhāṣā ceḥ, 7.3.58, SK 2525).
• han + sa: the a is lengthened, not the n, since "dīrgha" calls up acaḥ. Then a velar after the abhyāsa and anusvāra (BM): jighāṃsati.
• gam is only the substitute for iṇ, iṅ or ik (2615–2616). The superfluous ac in the sūtra is split off to qualify gam (TB). So gamḷ gives jigaṃsyate, saṃjigaṃsate. TB's counter-example to "jhal-initial": jigamiṣati.
• 2622 tanoter vibhāṣā 6.4.17 — the penultimate of tan is optionally lengthened before a jhal-initial san. upadhāyāḥ, dīrghaḥ and jhalādau sani are carried from SK 370, SK 174 and 2614 (BM).
• tan + sa: titāṃsati / titaṃsati. With iṭ (vārttika under 2621): titaniṣati.
• vārttika (sk.2622.k2) āśaṅkāyāṃ san vaktavyaḥ: san in the sense of apprehension, in its own sense (svārthe), after a dhātu whose action is apprehended (BM).
• śvā mumūrṣati (the dog is about to die). The English follows BM's "one whose death is apprehended", which is anye's view in TB. TB's own construal makes the apprehension the chief thing meant.
• kūlaṃ pipatiṣati: the iṭ form by the 2621 vārttika.

E. gam for iṇ, iṅ and ik before san — running example: iṇ + san → gam + iṣa (gamer iṭ) → jigamiṣati; passive gam + sa (no iṭ before taṅ) → gām-sa (2614) → jigāṃsyate

• 2615 sani ca 2.4.47 — gam replaces iṇ before san, except in the sense of making known. iṇaḥ is carried from iṇo gā luṅi (2.4.45, SK 2458), and gamir abodhane from ṇau gamir abodhane (2.4.46, SK 2607) (BM, TB).
• iṇ + san → gam + san: iṭ by gamer iṭ parasmaipadeṣu (7.2.58, SK 2401), so the san is not jhal-initial and there is no lengthening: jigamiṣati.
• Making known, pratīṣiṣati:
• i sa stands, and sa is doubled by SK 2176;
• the abhyāsa takes i (the takrakauṇḍinya maxim is anitya, TB);
• savarṇa-lengthening with prati, then ṣ (BM in WS).
• vārttika (sk.2615.k2) iṇvad ikaḥ: ik (smaraṇe) behaves like iṇ: adhijigamiṣati.
• Passive (karmaṇi), with taṅ by bhāvakarmaṇoḥ (SK 2679): gamer iṭ holds only before parasmaipada, so there is no iṭ. The san is jhal-initial, and 2614 lengthens: jigāṃsyate (iṇ), adhijigāṃsyate (ik).
• gamḷ is not a substitute for an ac, so it is not lengthened: jigaṃsyate, and saṃjigaṃsate (taṅ by samo gamyṛcchibhyām through SK 2734, TB).
• 2616 iṅaś ca 2.4.48 — gam replaces iṅ before san. gamiḥ is carried from SK 2607, and sani from 2615 (BM).
• adhi + iṅ + san:
• iṅ is ṅit, so ātmanepada by SK 2734;
• so there is no iṭ (gamer iṭ is parasmaipada-only);
• lengthening by 2614: adhijigāṃsate.
• With a ṇi in between, gāṅ is an option instead (SK 2601): adhijigāpayiṣati, under group G.

F. A vowel substitute, and the abhyāsa dropped — running example: āptum icchati: āp + sa → īp-sa (ī, 2619) → ī-psa-psa (psa doubled) → ī-psa (abhyāsa dropped, 2620) → īpsati; pat + sa → pist-sa (is, 2623) → abhyāsa dropped → s lost by skoḥ → pitsati

• 2619 āpjñapyṛdhām īt 7.4.55 — ī replaces the ac of āp, jñap and ṛdh before a san beginning with s. sani and acaḥ are carried from sani mīmā… (7.4.54, SK 2623, earlier in AS order). si is carried from saḥ sy ārdhadhātuke (SK 2342) and qualifies san, giving "beginning with s" (BM, TB).
• The forms are given under 2620 (īpsati, īrtsati) and 2621 (jñīpsati).
• With iṭ the san does not begin with s, so there is no ī: ardidhiṣati.
• 2620 atra lopo 'bhyāsasya 7.4.58 — the abhyāsa is deleted wherever the four rules 7.4.54–57 (SK 2623, 2619, 2621, 2624) have operated (BM).
• āptum icchati: ā → ī, psa is doubled by ajāder dvitīyasya, and the abhyāsa is dropped: īpsati.
• ardhitum icchati, step by step:
• the ṛ of ṛdh → ī, followed by r (raparatva);
• dh → t (cartva). r is not doubled (na ndrāḥ), so tsa is doubled. By pūrvatrāsiddhīyam advitve, the doubling follows cartva;
• the abhyāsa is dropped: īrtsati.
• With iṭ (2618): ardidhiṣati. bhrasj: bibhrajjiṣati, bibharjiṣati, bibhrakṣati, bibharkṣati (the iṭ option of 2618 × the ram option).
• 2621 dambha ic ca 7.4.56 — i, and by the ca also ī, replaces the a of dambh before an s-initial san. sani and acaḥ are carried from 2623, īt is gathered from 2619, and si from SK 2342 (BM). Then the abhyāsa is deleted (2620).
• dambh + sa:
• hal is a class in halantāc ca, so the san is kit even with the n intervening;
• the n is lost (SK 415): dibh-sa;
• the abhyāsa is dropped;
• p by cartva, and dh by ekāco baśo bhaṣ… (8.2.37, SK 326; the translator's note).
• Result: dhipsati, dhīpsati. With iṭ there is no kit and no n-loss: didambhiṣati.
• The rest of this kaumudī works out 2618's list and the tan / pat / daridrā vārttika (see group C).
• 2623 sani mīmāghurabhalabhaśakapatapadām aca is 7.4.54 — is replaces the ac of mī, mā, the ghu roots, rabh, labh, śak, pat and pad before an s-initial san. si is carried from SK 2342. Then the abhyāsa is deleted (2620).
• pat + sa → pist-sa, the abhyāsa is dropped, and the s is lost by skoḥ… (8.2.29, SK 380): pitsati.
• daridrā, with and without iṭ (vārttika under 2621): didaridriṣati, didaridrāsati.
• mī: ḍumiñ (once lengthened by 2614, its form is mī) and mīñ. mis-sa, then the s → t by SK 2342: mitsati, mitsate.
• TB: the lakṣaṇa-pratipadokta maxim is anitya here, since only the bare form mī is relied on.
• mā (māne): mitsati. māṅ, meṅ: mitsate. The print supplies this whole stretch.
• ghu:
• ditsati (do, dāṇ), ditsate (deṅ), ditsati, ditsate (dāñ);
• dhitsati (dheṭ), dhitsati, dhitsate (dhāñ);
• the san is kit by 2613, so there is no guṇa (TB).
• ripsate (rabh), lipsate (labh). śikṣati (śakḷ). śaka marṣaṇe, the divādi root with a svarita it: śikṣati, śikṣate. TB: the niranubandhaka maxim concerns affixes, so both roots are taken. pitsate (pad).
• vārttika (sk.2623.k2) rādho hiṃsāyāṃ sanīs vācyaḥ: is for the ā of rādh in the sense of injuring: ritsati. Otherwise: ārirātsati.
• 2624 muco 'karmakasya guṇo vā 7.4.57 — intransitive muc optionally takes guṇa before an s-initial san. sani and si are carried from 2623 and SK 2342. Without this rule, kit by 2613 would bar guṇa (BM, TB). The abhyāsa is deleted (2620) in the guṇa form.
• muc + sa → moc-sa, abhyāsa dropped: mokṣate. Otherwise mumukṣate, as in vatsaḥ svayam eva.
• Transitive: mumukṣati vatsaṃ kṛṣṇaḥ.
• Also in this kaumudī:
• vṛt: no iṭ before parasmaipada by na vṛdbhyaś caturbhyaḥ (7.2.59, SK 2348), and parasmaipada by vṛdbhyaḥ syasanoḥ (1.3.92, SK 2347, TB): vivṛtsati. With taṅ: vivartiṣate.
• nṛt: optional iṭ by se 'sici kṛtacṛta… (7.2.57, SK 2506): ninartiṣati, ninṛtsati.

G. san on ṇi-final stems, and the ṣ after the abhyāsa: only stu and the ṇi-final — running example: stu + san → stū-ṣa (2614) → tu-ṣṭū-ṣa → tuṣṭūṣati; but sic + sa → si-sik-ṣa → sisikṣati; and svedi + iṣa → sisvedayiṣati (2628). The ṇic + san recalls of 2626 are placed here.

• Recalled under 2626 (ṇic + san). These are not sūtras of this prakaraṇa. Bhaṭṭoji re-cites the ṇic-section rules for the sannanta:
• the two ṇau ca saṃścaṅoḥ:
• gāṅ for iṅ (2.4.51, SK 2601): adhijigāpayiṣati / adhyāpipayiṣati (ā by krīṅjīnāṃ ṇau, SK 2600, then puk);
• saṃprasāraṇa of śvi (6.1.31, SK 2579): śiśvāyayiṣati / śuśāvayiṣati;
• hvaḥ saṃprasāraṇam (SK 2586): juhāvayiṣati. Before ṇi no vowel substitute is made while doubling is due, so the u is doubled. Likewise pusphārayiṣati (sphur, cisphuror ṇau; no i, since s stands between the u and ph) and cukṣāvayiṣati;
• oḥ puyaṇjy apare (SK 2577), where pu = the labials:
• pipāvayiṣati, bibhāvayiṣati, [yiyāvayiṣati, rirāvayiṣati, lilāvayiṣati,] jijāvayiṣati (the bracketed forms are supplied from the print);
• not before a labial, yaṇ or j: nunāvayiṣati; not followed by a: bubhūṣati;
• sravati… (SK 2578): sisrāvayiṣati / susrāvayiṣati. apare still holds: śuśrūṣate.
• 2627 stautiṇyor eva ṣaṇy abhyāsāt 8.3.61 — once the san has itself become ṣ, the s after an iṇ of the abhyāsa becomes ṣ only in stu and in a ṇi-final stem, and not the s of any other root or stem. It stands under apadāntasya mūrdhanyaḥ (8.3.55, SK 210) with iṇkoḥ (8.3.57, SK 211; ku lapses). saḥ, a sixth-case word, is carried from saheḥ sāḍaḥ saḥ (8.3.56, SK 335). It is a restriction on ādeśapratyayayoḥ (8.3.59, SK 212). eva excludes the reading "only before ṣaṇ", which would deny tuṣṭāva (BM).
• stu + san: lengthening (2614), then the san's s → ṣ. So the s after tu (u is an iṇ) → ṣ: tuṣṭūṣati.
• ṇi-final:
• suṣvāpayiṣati: the abhyāsa's v → u by dyutisvāpyoḥ (SK 2344);
• siṣādhayiṣati. Hence siṣādhayiṣā is correct, not sisādhayiṣā (TB).
• Why stu and the ṇi-final? sisikṣati (sic: kit by 2613, no guṇa, no ṣ). After an upasarga, sthādiṣv abhyāsena ca… (8.3.64, SK 2277) still gives ṣ: pariṣiṣikṣati (madhye 'pavāda-nyāya).
• Why "san has become ṣ"? tiṣṭhāsati, suṣupsati: the san has no ṣ, so the restriction does not apply.
• Why abhyāsāt? pratīṣiṣati (iṇ), adhīṣiṣati (ik): the s after the root iṇ does take ṣ.
• 2628 saḥ svidisvadisahīnāṃ ca 8.3.62 — for ṇi-final svid, svad and sah, the s after the abhyāsa's iṇ stays s, not ṣ, when ṣaṇ follows. 2627 is carried without stauti, and saḥ from SK 335. The prescription of s is itself a restriction (BM).
• sisvedayiṣati, sisvādayiṣati, sisāhayiṣati.
• By the restriction sthādiṣv abhyāsena (SK 2277; BM: "only in sthā and the rest"), the abhyāsa takes no ṣ in abhisusūṣati, though upasargāt sunoti… (8.3.65, SK 2270) is suspected. TB: sunoteḥ syasanoḥ (8.3.117, SK 2524) is still needed, for abhisusūḥ.
• Bhāṣya verse (BM calls it a vārttika; TB: "some" say ślokavārttika, "many" say Bhāṣya). After a śaiṣika no śaiṣika of the same form comes, and after a matup-sense affix no matup-sense affix of the same form. After a sannanta no san (of the same sense) is wanted.
• śālīye bhavaḥ: only the phrase. But āhicchatraḥ → āhicchatrīyaḥ (cha after aṇ, a different form).
• dhanavān asyāsti: no second matup. But daṇḍimatī śālā.
• "sarūpa" carries over to the san clause as sameness of meaning (BM). So no icchā-san after an icchā-sannanta, but one after a svārtha-sannanta: jugupsiṣate, mīmāṃsiṣate.
• Close: "[iti sannantaprakriyā]" (Here ends the sannanta-prakriyā), supplied from the print. BM and TB close alike. p56 opens with the yaṅ, SK 2629.