Covers SK 532–646 (115 sūtras): all present.
kāraka-prakaraṇa — outline (p16, SK 532–646, all 115 sūtras)
Which case-affix (vibhakti) a word takes, and why. The prakaraṇa runs two interlocking strands: the kāraka-saṃjñā rules of adhyāya 1.4 (what makes a word a karman, kartṛ, karaṇa, sampradāna, apādāna, adhikaraṇa) and the karmapravacanīya-saṃjñā rules (which particles turn a neighbour-word into an accusative/ablative/locative), all feeding the anabhihite-governed vibhakti rules of adhyāya 2.3 that actually assign the seven cases. Thirteen outcome-groups, organized by the case each group produces — because that is how SK itself teaches them, defining a saṃjñā and then immediately applying the vibhakti that uses it. Ordering notes: (i) SK weaves the 1.4 saṃjñā-rules into the 2.3 vibhakti-rules, so AS-refs within a group are deliberately non-monotonic (a group opens with the 1.4 definition, then its 2.3 case-rule). (ii) The karmapravacanīya block (AS 1.4.83–98) is split by SK across three groups by the case it governs: the accusative-particles (C, 546–557), the ablative-particles apa/pari/āṅ/prati (H, 596–600), and the locative-particle adhi (M, 644–646). (iii) SK defers 643 (AS 2.3.7, saptamīpañcamyau) to the very end, after the whole saptamī block. The anabhihite adhikāra (536) is the master condition of every 2.3 rule below: a case-affix arises only where the kāraka is not already expressed by a tiṅ / kṛt / taddhita / samāsa / nipāta.
A. prathamā — the bare stem-meaning and the vocative — running example: kṛṣṇaḥ; he rāma
- 532 prātipadikārthaliṅgaparimāṇavacanamātre prathamā 2.3.46 — the first case when nothing beyond the bare stem-meaning, gender, measure, or number is conveyed. Stem-meaning:
kṛṣṇaḥ, śrīḥ, jñānam, indeclinable uccaiḥ; gender-excess (aniyata-liṅga): taṭaḥ / taṭī / taṭam; measure: droṇo vrīhiḥ; number (vacana = saṅkhyā): ekaḥ, dvau, bahavaḥ. - 533 sambodhane ca 2.3.47 — and the prathamā in address (sambodhana):
he rāma. (Closes the prathamā.)
B. karman-saṃjñā and the accusative (dvitīyā), I — defining the object — running example: hariṃ bhajati
- 534 kārake 1.4.23 — adhikāra "within a kāraka"; governs every kāraka-saṃjñā below (535, 538–544, 559–560, 562, 569, 571–580, 586, 588–594, 632). No form of its own.
- 535 karturīpsitatamaṃ karma 1.4.49 — the kāraka most desired to be reached by the agent = karman. The hari of
hariṃ bhajati is the īpsitatama; "of the agent" excludes māṣeṣv aśvaṃ badhnāti (beans desired by the object, not the agent). - 536 anabhihite 2.3.1 — adhikāra: the 2.3 case-rules apply only when the kāraka is not already expressed (by tiṅ/kṛt/taddhita/samāsa). Scopes 537 onward.
- 537 karmaṇi dvitīyā 2.3.2 — accusative for the unexpressed object:
hariṃ bhajati; but when expressed (hariḥ sevyate, tiṅ) the prathamā stands by 532. - 538 tathāyuktaṃ cānīpsitam 1.4.50 — a kāraka connected like the īpsitatama, though undesired, is also karman:
grāmaṃ gacchan tṛṇaṃ spṛśati (tṛṇam undesired, yet accusative). - 539 akathitaṃ ca 1.4.51 — a kāraka not stated by apādāna etc. is karman; the duh/nī double-accusative set:
gāṃ dogdhi payaḥ, baliṃ yācate vasudhām, māṇavakaṃ panthānaṃ pṛcchati. (vārttika: with akarmaka roots, place/time/road too → karman: kurūn svapiti, māsam āste.) - 540 gatibuddhipratyavasānārthaśabdakarmākarmakāṇāmaṇi kartā sa ṇau 1.4.52 — the plain-verb agent of gati/buddhi/eat/speech-object/intransitive verbs becomes karman in the causative:
śatrūn agamayat svargam, devān āśayat amṛtam (caused-agent → accusative); not pācayaty odanaṃ devadattena (√pac not listed, causee stays instrumental). - 541 hṛkroranyatarasyām 1.4.53 — for causative hṛ / kṛ the causee is optionally karman:
hārayati bhṛtyaṃ / bhṛtyena vā kaṭam. - 542 adhiśīṅsthā''sāṃ karma 1.4.46 — the locus of adhi + śīṅ/sthā/ās = karman:
adhiśete vaikuṇṭhaṃ hariḥ (Vaikuṇṭha accusative, not locative). - 543 abhiniviśaśca 1.4.47 — the locus of abhi-ni-viś = karman:
abhiniviśate sanmārgam; by conditioned option not in pāpe 'bhiniveśaḥ (locative). - 544 upānvadhyāṅvasaḥ 1.4.48 — the locus of √vas (dwell) with upa/anu/adhi/āṅ = karman:
upavasati vaikuṇṭham; not in the fasting sense (vane upavasati, locative). (vārttikas: accusative with ubhayataḥ/sarvataḥ/dhik/upari/abhitaḥ/paritaḥ/prati — abhitaḥ kṛṣṇam, dhik kṛṣṇābhaktam.) - 545 antarā'ntareṇa yukte 2.3.4 — accusative with antarā / antareṇa:
antarā tvāṃ māṃ hariḥ, antareṇa hariṃ na sukham.
C. karmapravacanīya particles and their accusative, I — running example: japam anu prāvarṣat; vṛkṣaṃ prati vidyotate vidyut
- 546 karmapravacanīyāḥ 1.4.83 — adhikāra naming the following particles karmapravacanīya (strips their gati/upasarga status — hence no ṣatva — and routes them to the accusative via 548). No form.
- 547 anurlakṣaṇe 1.4.84 — anu = kpy when it marks a lakṣaṇa (sign): sets up
japam anu. - 548 karmapravacanīyayukte dvitīyā 2.3.8 — accusative with a kpy:
japam anu prāvarṣat (it rained following the prayer); blocks the causal instrumental of hetau (568) here. - 549 tṛtīyārthe 1.4.85 — anu = kpy in the instrumental (accompaniment) sense:
nadīm anvavasitā senā (the army encamped along the river). - 550 hīne 1.4.86 — anu = kpy for inferiority:
anu hariṃ surāḥ (the gods, inferior to Hari). - 551 upo'dhike ca 1.4.87 — upa = kpy for excess (→ locative, 645) and, by ca, for deficiency:
upa hariṃ surāḥ (deficiency, accusative). - 552 lakṣaṇetthambhūtākhyānabhāgavīpsāsu pratiparyanavaḥ 1.4.90 — prati/pari/anu = kpy in lakṣaṇa / itthambhūtākhyāna / bhāga / vīpsā:
vṛkṣaṃ prati vidyotate vidyut, vṛkṣaṃ vṛkṣaṃ prati siñcati (accusative; no ṣatva, since not an upasarga). - 553 abhirabhāge 1.4.91 — abhi = kpy in those senses except bhāga:
harim abhi vartate, devaṃ devam abhi siñcati; the bhāga sense keeps upasarga (abhi ṣyāt, with ṣatva). - 554 adhiparī anarthakau 1.4.93 — adhi/pari when meaningless = kpy:
kuto 'dhyāgacchati / kutaḥ paryāgacchati (blocks the gati-nighāta). - 555 suḥ pūjāyām 1.4.94 — su = kpy in praise:
susiktam, sustutam (no ṣatva); contempt keeps upasarga (suṣiktaṃ kiṃ tavātra, ṣatva). - 556 atiratikramaṇe ca 1.4.95 — ati = kpy for surpassing (and pūjā):
ati devān kṛṣṇaḥ (Kṛṣṇa surpasses the gods, accusative). - 557 apiḥ padārthasambhāvanānvavasargagarhāsamuccayeṣu 1.4.96 — api = kpy in padārtha / supposition / free-rein / reproach / conjunction:
api stuyād viṣṇum (supposition), sarpiṣo 'pi syāt (padārtha, with part-whole genitive), dhig devadattam api stuyād vṛṣalam (reproach).
D. Accusative of extent in time and space — close of the dvitīyā — running example: māsaṃ kalyāṇī; krośaṃ kuṭilā nadī
- 558 kālādhvanoratyantasaṃyoge 2.3.5 — accusative for a time or road in uninterrupted connection:
māsaṃ kalyāṇī (beautiful for a month), krośaṃ kuṭilā nadī (the river winds for a krośa); not when the connection is broken (māsasya dvir adhīte, genitive). Thus ends the dvitīyā.
E. kartṛ- and karaṇa-saṃjñā and the instrumental (tṛtīyā) — running example: rāmeṇa bāṇena hato vālī
- 559 svatantraḥ kartā 1.4.54 — the participant intended as independent = kartā (agent). The rāma of the running form.
- 560 sādhakatamaṃ karaṇam 1.4.42 — the most-effective means = karaṇa (instrument). The bāṇa; "tama" excludes a mere locus (
gaṅgāyāṃ ghoṣaḥ). - 561 kartṛkaraṇayostṛtīyā 2.3.18 — instrumental for the unexpressed agent and instrument:
rāmeṇa bāṇena hato vālī. (vārttika prakṛtyādi: prakṛtyā cāruḥ, gotreṇa gārgyaḥ.) - 562 divaḥ karma ca 1.4.43 — the sādhakatama of √div = karman and (ca) karaṇa:
akṣair akṣān vā dīvyati (dice instrumental or accusative). - 563 apavarge tṛtīyā 2.3.6 — instrumental for time/road when completion (apavarga) is conveyed:
ahnā krośena vā anuvāko 'dhītaḥ; without completion, accusative (māsam adhīto nāyātaḥ). - 564 sahayukte'pradhāne 2.3.19 — instrumental for the non-principal item joined with saha:
putreṇa sahāgataḥ pitā. - 565 yenāṅgavikāraḥ 2.3.20 — instrumental for the limb by which a bodily deformity is marked:
akṣṇā kāṇaḥ (one-eyed by the eye); not akṣi kāṇam asya (the eye itself deformed). - 566 itthaṃbhūtalakṣaṇe 2.3.21 — instrumental for the mark of one in a certain condition:
jaṭābhis tāpasaḥ (an ascetic by his matted locks). - 567 saṃjño'nyatarasyāṃ karmaṇi 2.3.22 — for sam + jñā the object is optionally instrumental:
pitrā pitaraṃ vā saṃjānīte. - 568 hetau 2.3.23 — instrumental in the sense of a cause:
puṇyena dṛṣṭo hariḥ, daṇḍena ghaṭaḥ, alaṃ śrameṇa. (vārttika: dāṇ in coarse usage → dāsyā saṃyacchate.)
F. sampradāna-saṃjñā and the dative (caturthī) — running example: viprāya gāṃ dadāti
- 569 karmaṇā yamabhipraiti sa sampradānam 1.4.32 — the one aimed at via the gift-object = sampradāna. The vipra of the running form.
- 570 caturthī sampradāne 2.3.13 — dative for the sampradāna:
viprāya gāṃ dadāti. (vārttika yaj: paśunā rudraṃ yajate — thing-given → karaṇa, deity Rudra → karman.) - 571 rucyarthānāṃ prīyamāṇaḥ 1.4.33 — with ruci-verbs the one pleased = sampradāna:
haraye rocate bhaktiḥ; not the locus (devadattāya rocate modakaḥ pathi). - 572 ślāghahnuṅsthāśapāṃ jñīpsyamānaḥ 1.4.34 — with ślāgh/hnu/sthā/śap the one to be informed = sampradāna:
gopī kṛṣṇāya ślāghate / hnute / tiṣṭhate / śapate. - 573 dhāreruttamarṇaḥ 1.4.35 — with dhāray (owe) the creditor = sampradāna:
bhaktāya dhārayati mokṣaṃ hariḥ. - 574 spṛherīpsitaḥ 1.4.36 — with spṛh (long for) the desired thing = sampradāna:
puṣpebhyaḥ spṛhayati; intensity → karman instead (puṣpāṇi spṛhayati, accusative). - 575 krudhadruherṣyā'sūyārthānāṃ yaṃ prati kopaḥ 1.4.37 — with anger-verbs the target of the anger = sampradāna:
haraye krudhyati / druhyati / īrṣyati / asūyati; not bhāryām īrṣyati (anger not toward her). - 576 krudhadruhorupasṛṣṭayoḥ karma 1.4.38 — but krudh/druh with a preverb → target is karman:
krūram abhikrudhyati (accusative). - 577 rādhīkṣyoryasya vipraśnaḥ 1.4.39 — with rādh/īkṣ the one inquired about = sampradāna:
kṛṣṇāya rādhyati / īkṣate. - 578 pratyāṅbhyāṃ śruvaḥ pūrvasya kartā 1.4.40 — with prati/ā + śru the instigator (agent of the prior act) = sampradāna:
viprāya gāṃ pratiśṛṇoti (assents to "vipreṇa mahyaṃ dehi"). - 579 anupratigṛṇaśca 1.4.41 — with anu/prati + gṛ the prior agent = sampradāna:
hotre anugṛṇāti / pratigṛṇāti. - 580 parikrayaṇe sampradānamanyatarasyām 1.4.44 — in hiring the sādhakatama is optionally sampradāna:
śatena / śatāya vā parikrītaḥ. (vārttikas: tādarthya muktaye hariṃ bhajati; kḷp bhaktir jñānāya kalpate; hita brāhmaṇāya hitam.) - 581 kriyārthopapadasya ca karmaṇi sthāninaḥ 2.3.14 — dative for the object of an unexpressed purposive tumun:
phalebhyo yāti (goes to fetch fruits), namaskurmo nṛsiṃhāya. - 582 tumarthācca bhāvavacanāt 2.3.15 — dative after a bhāva-noun in the tumun (purpose) sense:
yāgāya yāti (goes in order to sacrifice). - 583 namaḥsvastisvāhāsvadhālamvaṣaḍyogācca 2.3.16 — dative in construction with namaḥ/svasti/svāhā/svadhā/alam/vaṣaṭ:
haraye namaḥ, agnaye svāhā, daityebhyo harir alam; but kāraka-case beats upapada-case (namaskaroti devān, accusative). - 584 manyakarmaṇyanādare vibhāṣā'prāṇiṣu 2.3.17 — object of √man (contempt) optionally dative among non-living things:
na tvāṃ tṛṇaṃ manye / tṛṇāya vā; na tvāṃ śune manye (dative even for a dog, per the vārttika list). - 585 gatyarthakarmaṇi dvitīyācaturthyau ceṣṭāyāmanadhvani 2.3.12 — object of go-verbs (bodily, non-road) takes accusative or dative:
grāmaṃ / grāmāya vā gacchati; not for a road (panthānaṃ gacchati, accusative only) nor mental going. Thus ends the caturthī.
G. apādāna-saṃjñā and the ablative (pañcamī), I — running example: grāmād āgacchati
- 586 dhruvamapāye'pādānam 1.4.24 — the fixed point in a moving-away = apādāna. The grāma left behind.
- 587 apādāne pañcamī 2.3.28 — ablative for the apādāna:
grāmād āyāti, dhāvato 'śvāt patati; not vṛkṣasya parṇaṃ patati (tree not a kāraka). (vārttika: jugupsā/virāma/pramāda too → pāpāj jugupsate.) - 588 bhītrārthānāṃ bhayahetuḥ 1.4.25 — with fear/protect-verbs the cause of fear = apādāna:
corād bibheti / trāyate; not the locus (araṇye bibheti). - 589 parājerasoḍhaḥ 1.4.26 — with parā-ji the unbearable thing = apādāna:
adhyayanāt parājayate (worsted by study); contrast śatrūn parājayate (accusative, "defeats"). - 590 vāraṇārthānāmīpsitaḥ 1.4.27 — with ward-off verbs the thing-to-be-protected = apādāna:
yavebhyo gāṃ vārayati; not the field (... kṣetre, locative). - 591 antarddhau yenādarśanamicchati 1.4.28 — in concealment, the one screened-from = apādāna:
mātur nilīyate kṛṣṇaḥ (Kṛṣṇa hides from his mother). - 592 ākhyātopayoge 1.4.29 — in regulated study, the teacher = apādāna:
upādhyāyād adhīte; not casual hearing (naṭasya gāthāṃ śṛṇoti, genitive). - 593 janikartuḥ prakṛtiḥ 1.4.30 — the source of what is born = apādāna:
brahmaṇaḥ prajāḥ prajāyante. - 594 bhuvaḥ prabhavaḥ 1.4.31 — the origin-point of √bhū's agent = apādāna:
himavato gaṅgā prabhavati. (vārttikas: elided lyap prāsādāt prekṣate; merely-implied action kasmāt tvam? — nadyāḥ; adhvan/kāla-measure vanād grāmo yojanam, kārtikyā āgrahāyaṇī māse.) - 595 anyārāditarartedikchabdāñcūttarapadājāhiyukte 2.3.29 — ablative with anya/ārāt/itara/ṛte/direction-word/añc-final/āc/āhi:
anyo kṛṣṇāt, ārād vanāt, ṛte kṛṣṇāt, prāk grāmāt, dakṣiṇā grāmāt; by jñāpaka also grāmād bahiḥ, bhavāt prabhṛti.
H. karmapravacanīya particles and their ablative, II; the residual ablatives — running example: pari hareḥ saṃsāraḥ; jāḍyāj baddhaḥ
- 596 apaparī varjane 1.4.88 — apa/pari = kpy in the sense of exclusion: sets up
pari hareḥ. - 597 āṅ maryādāvacane 1.4.89 — āṅ = kpy for a limit (and, via "vacana," inclusive-limit abhividhi): sets up
ā mukteḥ. - 598 pañcamyapāṅparibhiḥ 2.3.10 — ablative with the kpy apa/āṅ/pari:
apa hareḥ, pari hareḥ saṃsāraḥ (exclusion), ā mukteḥ saṃsāraḥ, ā sakalāt brahma; the lakṣaṇa sense keeps the accusative (hariṃ pari). - 599 pratiḥ pratinidhipratidānayoḥ 1.4.92 — prati = kpy in substitution / giving-in-return: sets up
kṛṣṇāt prati. - 600 pratinidhipratidāne ca yasmāt 2.3.11 — ablative for the thing substituted-for / returned-for with prati:
pradyumnaḥ kṛṣṇāt prati (in place of Kṛṣṇa), tilebhyaḥ pratiyacchati māṣān (beans for the sesame). - 601 akartaryṛṇe pañcamī 2.3.24 — ablative for a debt that is the cause but not the agent:
śatād baddhaḥ (imprisoned over a hundred); contrast śatena bandhitaḥ (instrumental, a prompting agent). - 602 vibhāṣā guṇe'striyām 2.3.25 — ablative optionally for a non-feminine cause:
jāḍyāj jāḍyena vā baddhaḥ; not a feminine cause (buddhyā muktaḥ, instrumental); yoga-vibhāga extends it to inference (dhūmād agnimān). - 603 pṛthagvinānānābhistṛtīyā'nyatarasyām 2.3.32 — with pṛthak/vinā/nānā, the instrumental, or (in the alternative) ablative & accusative:
pṛthag rāmeṇa / rāmāt / rāmam. - 604 karaṇe ca stokālpakṛcchrakatipayasyāsattvavacanasya 2.3.33 — for stoka/alpa/kṛcchra/katipaya (non-substance) as instrument, instrumental & ablative:
stokena stokād vā muktaḥ; a substance-sense → instrumental only (stokena viṣeṇa hataḥ). - 605 dūrāntikārthebhyo dvitīyā ca 2.3.35 — with far/near words the accusative, and by ca the ablative & instrumental:
grāmasya dūraṃ / dūrāt / dūreṇa vā, antikam / antikāt / antikena vā. Thus ends the pañcamī.
I. ṣaṣṭhī — the genitive of the śeṣa, and the cause/direction genitives — running example: rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ
- 606 ṣaṣṭhī śeṣe 2.3.50 — genitive for the śeṣa (any non-kāraka relation, esp. owner-owned):
rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ; even a kāraka reduced to mere relation → genitive (mātuḥ smarati, satāṃ gatam, phalānāṃ tṛptaḥ). - 607 ṣaṣṭhī hetuprayoge 2.3.26 — genitive when the word hetu is used and the cause denoted:
annasya hetor vasati (both genitive). - 608 sarvanāmnastṛtīyā ca 2.3.27 — with a pronoun + hetu, the instrumental (and genitive) for the cause:
kena hetunā vasati, kasya hetoḥ; nimitta-synonyms take all cases (kiṃ nimittaṃ, kena nimittena). - 609 ṣaṣṭhyatasarthapratyayena 2.3.30 — genitive with an atas-sense (atasuc) suffix:
grāmasya dakṣiṇataḥ, puraḥ, upari. - 610 enapā dvitīyā 2.3.31 — accusative with an enap-ending word, and by yoga-vibhāga the genitive too:
dakṣiṇena grāmaṃ / grāmasya vā, uttareṇa. - 611 dūrāntikārthaiḥ ṣaṣṭhyanyatarasyām 2.3.34 — with far/near words the genitive optionally (else ablative):
dūraṃ nikaṭaṃ grāmasya / grāmād vā.
J. ṣaṣṭhī — the śeṣa-object genitive with specific roots — running example: sarpiṣo jñānam
- 612 jño'vidarthasya karaṇe 2.3.51 — genitive for the instrument of √jñā (not "mere knowing"), expressed as śeṣa:
sarpiṣo jñānam (the knowing of ghee). - 613 adhīgarthadayeśāṃ karmaṇi 2.3.52 — genitive for the object of adhi-i (& synonyms) / day / īś:
mātuḥ smaraṇam, sarpiṣo dayanam / īśanam. - 614 kṛñaḥ pratiyatne 2.3.53 — genitive for √kṛ's object when imparting a new quality:
edhodakasyopaskaraṇam (the preparing of fuel-and-water). - 615 rujārthānāṃ bhāvavacanānāmajvareḥ 2.3.54 — genitive for the object of pain-verbs (with the action as agent, √jvar excluded):
caurasya rogasya rujā; but the exempt jvar/santāp compound instead (rogasya caurajvaraḥ). - 616 āśiṣi nāthaḥ 2.3.55 — genitive for √nāth's object in a wish:
sarpiṣo nāthanam; not the mere-request sense (māṇavaka-nāthanam). - 617 jāsiniprahaṇanāṭakrāthapiṣāṃ hiṃsāyām 2.3.56 — genitive for the object of jas / ni-pra-han / naṭ / krath / piṣ in the injury sense:
caurasyojjāsanam, vṛṣalasya peṣaṇam; not literal grinding (dhānā-peṣaṇam). - 618 vyavahṛpaṇoḥ samarthayoḥ 2.3.57 — genitive for the object of vyavahṛ / paṇ when transactionally equivalent:
śatasya vyavaharaṇam / paṇanam; not the counting/praising senses. - 619 divastadarthasya 2.3.58 — genitive for √div's object in the gambling/trade sense:
śatasya dīvyati; contrast brāhmaṇaṃ dīvyati (accusative, "praises"). - 620 vibhāṣopasarge 2.3.59 — with an upasarga the genitive is only optional (accusative reappears):
śatasya / śataṃ vā pratidīvyati. - 621 preṣyabruvorhaviṣo devatāsampradāne 2.3.61 — genitive for the oblation-object of preṣ / brū when a deity is recipient:
agnaye chāgasya haviṣo vapāyā medasaḥ preṣya anubrūhi vā (deity Agni stays dative). - 622 kṛtvo'rthaprayoge kāle'dhikaraṇe 2.3.64 — genitive (śeṣa) for a time-locus with a kṛtvasuc-sense word:
pañcakṛtvo 'hno bhojanam; contrast the genuine locus dvir ahany adhyayanam (locative).
K. ṣaṣṭhī — agent and object in a kṛt-construction — running example: kṛṣṇasya kṛtiḥ; jagataḥ kartā
- 623 kartṛkarmaṇoḥ kṛti 2.3.65 — genitive for the agent and object with a kṛt:
kṛṣṇasya kṛtiḥ (agent), jagataḥ kartā kṛṣṇaḥ (object); not with a taddhita (kṛtapūrvī kaṭam, accusative). (vārttika guṇakarman: netā 'śvasya srughnasya/srughnaṃ vā.) - 624 ubhayaprāptau karmaṇi 2.3.66 — when both would obtain the genitive, only the object does:
āścaryo gavāṃ doho 'gopena (cows genitive object, agopena instrumental agent). (vārttikas relax this for -aka/-ā feminines: bhedikā rudrasya jagataḥ.) - 625 ktasya ca vartamāne 2.3.67 — genitive with a present-sense kta:
rājñāṃ mataḥ / buddhaḥ / pūjitaḥ (an exception to the 627 block). - 626 adhikaraṇavācinaśca 2.3.68 — genitive with a locus-denoting kta:
idam eṣām āsitaṃ śayitaṃ gataṃ bhuktaṃ vā. - 627 na lokāvyayaniṣṭhākhalarthatṛnām 2.3.69 — the 623 agent/object genitive is blocked with lā-substitutes / u / uka / avyaya / niṣṭhā / khal / tṛn:
kurvan sṛṣṭiṃ hariḥ (accusative), viṣṇunā hatā daityāḥ (instrumental), jagat sṛṣṭvā; the śeṣa-genitive survives (brāhmaṇasya kurvan, narakasya jiṣṇuḥ). - 628 akenorbhaviṣyadādhamarṇyayoḥ 2.3.70 — genitive blocked after aka (future) / in (future or debtorship):
vrajaṃ gāmī, śataṃ dāyī (accusative); but sataḥ pāvakaḥ keeps it (aka not future). - 629 kṛtyānāṃ kartari vā 2.3.71 — genitive optionally for the agent with a kṛtya:
mayā / mama vā sevyo hariḥ; by yoga-vibhāga withheld where both obtain (netavyā vrajaṃ gāvaḥ kṛṣṇena, instrumental). - 630 tulyārthairatulopamābhyāṃ tṛtīyā'nyatarasyām 2.3.72 — with "equal" words (except tulā/upamā) the instrumental, else genitive:
tulyaḥ / samo vā kṛṣṇena / kṛṣṇasya; tulā/upamā genitive only. - 631 caturthī cāśiṣyāyuṣyamadrabhadrakuśalasukhārthahitaiḥ 2.3.73 — in a benediction with āyuṣya/madra/bhadra/kuśala/sukha/artha/hita, the dative (else genitive):
āyuṣyaṃ kṛṣṇāya / kṛṣṇasya bhūyāt; a mere statement → genitive only (devadattasya āyuṣyam asti). Thus ends the ṣaṣṭhī.
L. adhikaraṇa-saṃjñā and the locative (saptamī); nirdhāraṇa and bhāvalakṣaṇa — running example: kaṭe āste; nṛṣu brāhmaṇaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ
- 632 ādhāro'dhikaraṇam 1.4.45 — the locus of the action (through its agent & object) = adhikaraṇa. The kaṭa (mat).
- 633 saptamyadhikaraṇe ca 2.3.36 — locative for the locus (and by ca for far/near words):
kaṭe āste, sthālyāṃ pacati, mokṣe icchāsti, vanasya dūre / antike vā. (vārttikas: adhītī vyākaraṇe; sādhuḥ kṛṣṇo mātari; nimitta+karma-yoga carmaṇi dvīpinaṃ hanti.) - 634 yasya ca bhāvena bhāvalakṣaṇam 2.3.37 — the locative absolute (sati saptamī):
goṣu duhyamānāsu gataḥ (he went while the cows were being milked). (vārttika worthy/unworthy: satsu taratsu asanta āsate.) - 635 ṣaṣṭhī cānādare 2.3.38 — genitive (beside the locative) in disregard:
rudati / rudato vā prāvrājīt (he renounced, disregarding his weeping son). - 636 svāmīśvarādhipatidāyādasākṣipratibhūprasūtaiśca 2.3.39 — genitive & locative with the seven (svāmin / īśvara / adhipati / dāyāda / sākṣin / pratibhū / prasūta):
gavāṃ / goṣu svāmī, gavāṃ / goṣu prasūtaḥ. - 637 āyuktakuśalābhyāṃ cāsevāyām 2.3.40 — genitive & locative with āyukta / kuśala in the engagement (āsevā) sense:
hari-pūjane / hari-pūjanasya āyuktaḥ kuśalo vā; not the "slightly yoked" sense (āyukto gauḥ śakaṭe). - 638 yataśca nirdhāraṇam 2.3.41 — genitive & locative for the whole from which a singling-out is made:
nṛṇāṃ / nṛṣu vā brāhmaṇaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ (genus), gavāṃ / goṣu vā kṛṣṇā bahukṣīrā (quality), chātrāṇāṃ / chātreṣu vā maitraḥ paṭuḥ (name). - 639 pañcamī vibhakte 2.3.42 — ablative when only difference (not partition) is meant:
māthurāḥ pāṭaliputrakebhya āḍhyatarāḥ (Mathurā-folk wealthier than Pāṭaliputra-folk). - 640 sādhunipuṇābhyāmarcāyāṃ saptamyaprateḥ 2.3.43 — locative with sādhu / nipuṇa in esteem (not with prati):
mātari sādhur nipuṇo vā; mere fact → genitive (nipuṇo rājño bhṛtyaḥ); with prati → accusative (mātaraṃ prati). - 641 prasitotsukābhyāṃ tṛtīyā ca 2.3.44 — instrumental (and by ca locative) with prasita / utsuka:
hariṇā / harau vā prasita utsuko vā. - 642 nakṣatre ca lupi 2.3.45 — instrumental & locative for a nakṣatra-locus under lup:
mūlena / mūle ... āvāhayet, śravaṇena / śravaṇe visarjayet; ordinary asterism → plain locative (puṣye śaniḥ).
M. Residual locative & ablative — time/distance between two kārakas; adhi's lordship-locative — running example: dvyahe dvyahād vā bhoktā; adhi bhuvi rāmaḥ
- 643 saptamīpañcamyau kārakamadhye 2.3.7 — locative & ablative for a time/distance between two kārakas (SK defers this AS 2.3.7 to the very end):
adya bhuktvā dvyahe / dvyahād vā bhoktā (two-day span between two eating-agencies), ihastho krośe / krośād vā lakṣyaṃ vidhyet; also with adhika loke / lokād vā adhiko hariḥ. - 644 adhirīśvare 1.4.97 — adhi = karmapravacanīya in the owned-to-owner (lordship) relation: sets up
adhi bhuvi / rāme. - 645 yasmādadhikaṃ yasya ceśvaravacanaṃ tatra saptamī 2.3.9 — locative for the thing-exceeded and for the lorded-over:
upa parārdhe harer guṇāḥ (excess, with the kpy upa of 551), adhi bhuvi rāmaḥ / adhi rāme bhūḥ (lordship, on property or owner). - 646 vibhāṣā kṛñi 1.4.98 — adhi is optionally kpy (lordship) before √kṛ:
yad atra mām adhikariṣyati (will set me in charge); not being a gati, no nighāta. Thus ends the saptamī, and the kāraka-prakaraṇa.