ajjhaloḥ pratiṣedhe śakārapratiṣedhaḥ ajjhaltvāt .
In the prohibition concerning ac and hal, [there results] the prohibition of the ś-sound as well, because [ś] is both-ac-and-hal (ajjhaltva).
ajjhaloḥ pratiṣedhe śakārasya śakāreṇa savarṇasañjñāyāḥ pratiṣedhaḥ prāpnoti .
In the prohibition [of savarṇa] between ac and hal, the prohibition of the savarṇa designation of the ś-sound with [another] ś-sound results.
kim kāraṇam .
What is the reason?
ajjhaltvāt .
Because of [its] being-both-ac-and-hal (ajjhaltva).
ac ca eva hi śakāraḥ hal ca .
For the ś-sound is indeed both an ac and a hal.
katham tāvat actvam .
How, first, is [its] being-a-vowel (actva)?
ikāraḥ savarṇagrahaṇena śakāram api gṛhṇāti iti actvam .
The i-sound, by the taking-up of savarṇas (savarṇagrahaṇa), grasps the ś-sound also — hence [its] being-a-vowel.
halṣu upadeśāt haltvam .
[Its] being-a-consonant (haltva) is because of [its] enunciation (upadeśa) among the hals.
tatra kaḥ doṣaḥ .
What is the fault there?
tatra savarṇalope doṣaḥ .
There, the fault is in savarṇa-elision (savarṇa-lopa).
tatra savarṇalope doṣaḥ bhavati .
There, the fault arises in the elision of a savarṇa.
paraśśatāni kāryāṇi .
The operations [depending on it] are hundreds upon hundreds.
jharaḥ jhari savarṇe iti lopaḥ na prāpnoti .
By 'jharo jhari savarṇe' (a jhar is elided before a savarṇa jhar), the elision (lopa) would not take place.
siddham anactvāt .
[It is] established (siddha) because of [ś's] not-being-a-vowel (anactva).
siddham etat .
This is established.
anactvāt .
Because of [its] not-being-a-vowel.
katham anactvam .
How is [its] not-being-a-vowel?
spṛṣṭam sparśānām karaṇam .
The articulation (karaṇa) of the stops (sparśa) is contact (spṛṣṭa, 'touched').
īṣatspṛṣṭam antaḥsthānām .
[That] of the semivowels (antaḥstha) is slightly-touched (īṣat-spṛṣṭa).
vivṛtam ūṣmaṇām .
[That] of the sibilants (ūṣman) is open (vivṛta).
īṣat iti anuvartate .
'īṣat (slightly)' carries over (anuvṛtti) [so: slightly-open for the sibilants].
svarāṇām vivṛtam .
[That] of the vowels (svara) is open (vivṛta).
īṣat iti nivṛttam .
'īṣat' has ceased (nivṛtta) [here — the vowels are fully open].
vākyāparisamāpteḥ vā .
Or (vā) because of the non-completion of the sentence (vākyāparisamāpti).
vākyāparisamāpteḥ vā siddham etat .
Or, it is established because of the non-completion of the sentence.
kim idam vākyāparisamāpteḥ iti .
What is this 'because of non-completion of the sentence'?
varṇānām upadeśaḥ tāvat .
First, [there is] the enunciation (upadeśa) of the phonemes (varṇa).
upadeśottarakālā itsañjñā .
After the enunciation comes the it designation (it-saṁjñā).
itsañjñottarakālaḥ ādiḥ antyena saha itā iti pratyāhāraḥ .
After the it-designation comes the pratyāhāra [formed] by 'ādir antyena saha itā' (an initial, together with a final it-marker, [denotes the intervening sounds]).
pratyāhārottarakālā savarṇasañjñā .
After the pratyāhāra comes the savarṇa designation.
savarṇasañjñottarakālam aṇ udit savarṇasya ca apratyayaḥ iti savarṇagrahaṇam .
After the savarṇa designation comes, by 'aṇudit savarṇasya cāpratyayaḥ' (an aṇ and an udit denote their own savarṇa, except when [it is] a pratyaya), the taking-up of savarṇas (savarṇagrahaṇa).
etena sarveṇa samuditena vākyena anyatra savarṇānām grahaṇam bhavati .
By this whole assembled sentence (samudita vākya), elsewhere the taking-up of savarṇas takes place.
ca ca atra ikāraḥ śakāram gṛhṇāti .
And here [literally] the i-sound grasps the ś-sound.
yathā eva tarhi ikāraḥ śakāram na gṛhṇāti evam īkāram api na gṛhṇīyāt .
Then, just as the i-sound does not grasp the ś-sound, so it would also not grasp the long ī-sound.
tatra kaḥ doṣaḥ .
What is the fault there?
kumārī , īhate kumārīhate .
[Example:] kumārī, īhate → kumārīhate.
akaḥ savarṇadīrghatvam na prāpnoti .
The savarṇa-lengthening by 'akaḥ [savarṇe dīrghaḥ]' would not take place.
na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ .
This is not a fault.
yat etat akaḥ savarṇe dīrghaḥ iti pratyāhāragrahaṇam tata ikāraḥ īkāram gṛhṇāti .
As for this 'akaḥ savarṇe dīrghaḥ' — there the taking-up is by pratyāhāra (pratyāhāragrahaṇa); by that the i-sound grasps the ī-sound.
śakāram na gṛhṇāti .
[But] it does not grasp the ś-sound.
aparaḥ āha :
Another says:
ajjhaloḥ pratiṣedhe śakārapratiṣedhaḥ ajhaltvāt .
In the prohibition concerning ac and hal, [there results] the prohibition of the ś-sound, because [ś] is both-ac-and-hal (ajhaltva).
ajjhaloḥ pratiṣedhe śakārasya śakāreṇa savarṇasañjñāyāḥ pratiṣedhaḥ prāpnoti .
In the prohibition [of savarṇa] between ac and hal, the prohibition of the savarṇa designation of the ś-sound with [another] ś-sound results.
kim kāraṇam .
What is the reason?
ajjhaltvāt .
Because of [its] being-both-ac-and-hal (ajjhaltva).
ac ca eva śakāraḥ hal ca .
For the ś-sound is both an ac and a hal.
katham tāvat actvam .
How, first, is [its] being-a-vowel (actva)?
ikāraḥ savarṇagrahaṇena śakāram api gṛhṇāti iti actvam .
The i-sound, by the taking-up of savarṇas, grasps the ś-sound also — hence [its] being-a-vowel.
halṣu upadeśāt haltvam .
[Its] being-a-consonant (haltva) is because of [its] enunciation among the hals.
tatra kaḥ doṣaḥ .
What is the fault there?
tatra savarṇalope doṣaḥ .
There, the fault is in savarṇa-elision (savarṇa-lopa).
tatra savarṇalope doṣaḥ bhavati .
There, the fault arises in the elision of a savarṇa.
paraśśatāni kāryāṇi .
The operations [depending on it] are hundreds upon hundreds.
jharaḥ jhari savarṇe iti lopaḥ na prāpnoti .
By 'jharo jhari savarṇe', the elision would not take place.
siddham anactvāt .
[It is] established because of [ś's] not-being-a-vowel (anactva).
siddham etat .
This is established.
anactvāt .
Because of [its] not-being-a-vowel.
katham anactvam .
How is [its] not-being-a-vowel?
vākyāparisamāpteḥ vā .
Or (vā) because of the non-completion of the sentence.
uktā vākyāparisamāptiḥ .
The [matter of] non-completion of the sentence has [already] been stated.
asmin pakṣe vā iti etat asamarthitam bhavati .
On this view (pakṣa), the word 'vā (or)' becomes unjustified (asamarthita).
etat ca samarthitam .
But this is justified (samarthita).
astu vā śakārasya śakāreṇa savarṇasañjñā mā vā bhūt .
Let the savarṇa designation of the ś-sound with [another] ś-sound either be or not be.
nanu ca uktam : paraśśatāni kāryāṇi .
But surely it was said: 'the operations are hundreds upon hundreds';
jharaḥ jhari savarṇe iti lopaḥ na prāpnoti iti .
'by jharo jhari savarṇe, the elision would not take place' — thus.
mā bhūt lopaḥ .
Let there be no elision.
nanu ca bhedaḥ bhavati .
But surely there is a difference (bheda).
sati lope dviśakāram asati lope triśakāram .
When elision occurs, [there is] a form with two ś (dviśakāra); when elision does not occur, one with three ś (triśakāra).
na asti bhedaḥ .
There is no difference.
asati api lope dviśakāram eva .
Even when there is no elision, [there is] only a form with two ś.
vibhāṣā dvirvacanam .
The doubling (dvirvacana) is optional (vibhāṣā).
evam api bhedaḥ .
Even so, there is a difference.
asati lope kadā cit dviśakāram kadā cit triśakāram sati lope dviśakāram eva .
When there is no elision, sometimes two ś, sometimes three ś; when there is elision, only two ś.
saḥ eṣaḥ katham bhedaḥ na syāt .
How could that difference not arise?
yadi nityaḥ lopaḥ syāt .
If the elision were obligatory (nitya).
vibhāṣā tu saḥ lopaḥ .
But that elision is optional (vibhāṣā).
yathā abhedaḥ tathā astu .
Let it be such that there is no difference (abheda).