Vyākaraṇa-mahābhāṣya paspaśā 4.2

Show

VṛttiSanskritHindiEnglishTranslator notes

Script

IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা

MBH paspaśā 4.2

Vṛtti Patañjali

duṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ .

duṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ (‘a corrupt word’) —

'दुष्टः शब्दः' —

duṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ svarataḥ varṇataḥ vā mithyā prayuktaḥ na tam artham āha .

A corrupt word, wrongly employed either in respect of accent (svarataḥ) or in respect of phoneme (varṇataḥ), does not state that meaning.

दुष्ट शब्द — स्वर से अथवा वर्ण से मिथ्या प्रयुक्त — उस अर्थ को नहीं कहता।

saḥ vāgvajraḥ yajamānam hinasti yathā indraśatruḥ svarataḥ aparādhāt .

That word-thunderbolt (vāgvajra) destroys the sacrificer, as indraśatruḥ did through a fault of accent.

वह वाणीरूपी वज्र यजमान का हनन करता है, जैसे 'इन्द्रशत्रुः' (शब्द ने किया) स्वर के अपराध से।

duṣṭān śabdān mā prayukṣmahi iti adhyeyam vyākaraṇam .

‘May we not employ corrupt words’ — thus (iti) vyākaraṇa is to be studied.

'हम दुष्ट शब्दों का प्रयोग न करें' — इस हेतु व्याकरण पढ़ना चाहिए।

duṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ .

duṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ.

'दुष्टः शब्दः' —

Translator notes mūla-only construal · not shown in the reading edition

Dialectic construal: s1 is the opening pratīka. s2-s3 are the cited maxim expounding it. s4 is the concluding injunction ('may we not employ corrupt words — therefore vyākaraṇa is to be studied'), the same formula that closes each section of paspaśā 4. s5 repeats the pratīka to close. Nothing here is pūrvapakṣa; the whole block is expository.
s3 indraśatruḥ is cited in IAST as a specimen, not translated. Patañjali says only that a fault of accent (svarataḥ aparādhāt) made it destroy the sacrificer; he does NOT here state the two accentual analyses or name the story. I have not supplied them.
s2 na tam artham āha: literally 'does not state that meaning' — i.e. the intended meaning. The referent of tam is not made explicit in the text.

Dialectic construal: siddhānta throughout. s1/s5 are the opening and closing pratīka; s2–s3 are the cited ślokas expounding it, s4 the concluding 'therefore study vyākaraṇa' formula that closes every 4.x section.
s3: 'yathā indraśatruḥ svarataḥ aparādhāt' is elliptical — the verb of the comparison is not supplied. I rendered literally and marked the supplied verb in parentheses; the bhāṣya here does NOT narrate the Tvaṣṭṛ story or say what indraśatruḥ did. I have deliberately not supplied it.