He by whom his whole wealth is given away to supplicants, brāhmaṇas and others, for the sake of Kṛṣṇa's prosperity is the ābhyudayika. (31) Thus here the lord of Vraja, pure of heart, gave away a whole herd of fine milch-cows for his son's birth-ceremony, and the brāhmaṇas, satisfied by him, proclaimed aloud, 'Now even the fame of Pṛthu and Nṛga has been eclipsed.' (32)
जिसके द्वारा कृष्ण के अभ्युदय के लिए ब्राह्मण आदि याचकों को सर्वस्व अर्पित किया जाता है, वह आभ्युदयिक होता है। (31) यहाँ निर्मल चित्त वाले व्रजपति ने पुत्र के जातकर्म के लिए उत्तम गौओं का ऐसा समूह दान किया कि उससे तृप्त हुए ब्राह्मण ऊँचे स्वर से कहने लगे — ‘अब तो पृथु और नृग की कीर्ति भी ढक गई।’ (32)
The verse — line by line
L1definition
kṛṣṇasyābhyudayārthaṁ tu yena sarvasvam arpyate |
kṛṣṇasyābhyudayārthaṁin order to bring about Kṛṣṇa's prosperity — his rise, his good fortune accusative of purpose (arthaṁ) folded in; kṛṣṇasya is the genitive whose abhyudaya is aimed atकृष्ण के अभ्युदय (उन्नति) के लिए
tunow (marks the turn to a new sub-type of hero)परन्तु
yenaby the man by whom instrumental of the relative — 'he by whom…', picked up by saḥ in L2जिसके द्वारा
sarvasvamall he owns, his entire wealthअपना सर्वस्व (सारा धन)
arpyateis given away, is offered up passive — the wealth is what is givenअर्पित कर दिया जाता है
yena — by the man by whom; kṛṣṇasya-abhyudaya-arthaṁ — in order to bring about Kṛṣṇa's prosperity; sarvasvam — all he owns; arpyate — is given away.
kṛṣṇasyābhyudayārthaṁ — कृष्ण के अभ्युदय के लिए; tu — परन्तु; yena — जिसके द्वारा; sarvasvam — सारा धन; arpyate — अर्पित किया जाता है
Now for another kind of hero. Take the man who, to bring about Kṛṣṇa's prosperity, gives away everything he owns.
परन्तु कृष्ण के अभ्युदय के लिए जिसके द्वारा अपना सारा धन अर्पित कर दिया जाता है — (यह वाक्य आगे L2 में पूरा होता है)।
The lakṣaṇa (definition) of the ābhyudāyika, one sub-type of the dāna-vīra (giving-hero) of this vīra-bhakti-rasa chapter. L1-L2 form one sentence.
यह उसी वीर-भक्ति-रस प्रकरण के दानवीर का एक भेद 'आभ्युदायिक' का लक्षण है। L1 और L2 मिलकर एक ही वाक्य बनाते हैं।
L2definition
arthibhyo brāhmaṇādibhyaḥ sa ābhyudāyiko bhavet ||
arthibhyaḥto the supplicants, to those who come asking dative of the recipientsयाचकों को
brāhmaṇādibhyaḥnamely to brāhmaṇas and the rest dative in apposition to arthibhyaḥ — spells out who the askers areअर्थात् ब्राह्मण आदि को
saḥthat man (the one by whom the wealth is given)वह
ābhyudāyikaḥis the ābhyudāyika — the 'prosperity-hero'आभ्युदायिक (दानवीर)
bhavetis to be called, would be reckoned optative giving the naming conventionकहलाता है
saḥ — that man; arthibhyaḥ brāhmaṇa-ādibhyaḥ — to the supplicants, the brāhmaṇas and the rest; [sarvasvam arpyate, from L1]; ābhyudāyikaḥ bhavet — is to be called the ābhyudāyika.
arthibhyaḥ — याचकों को; brāhmaṇādibhyaḥ — ब्राह्मण आदि को; saḥ — वह; ābhyudāyikaḥ — आभ्युदायिक; bhavet — कहलाता है
He gives it to the supplicants who come asking — brāhmaṇas and the rest. That man is to be called the ābhyudāyika, the hero of prosperous giving.
जो पुरुष कृष्ण के अभ्युदय के लिए ब्राह्मण आदि याचकों को अपना सर्वस्व अर्पित कर देता है, वह 'आभ्युदायिक' दानवीर कहलाता है।
L3example
vrajapatir iha sūnor jātakārthaṁ tathāsau
vrajapatiḥthe lord of Vraja — Nanda, as Viśvanātha names him belowव्रजपति (नन्द)
ihahere, in this very caseयहाँ
sūnoḥof his son (Kṛṣṇa) genitive attaching to jātaka — whose birth-rite it isअपने पुत्र के
jātakārthaṁfor the sake of the birth-celebration accusative of purpose — the occasion of the givingजातकर्म के अवसर पर
tathāand so, accordinglyतथा (उसी प्रकार)
asauthat one, he (Nanda)वह
vraja-patiḥ asau — the lord of Vraja, that man; iha — here; sūnoḥ jātaka-arthaṁ — for the sake of his son's birth-celebration; tathā — and so [gave, vyatarat in L4].
vrajapatiḥ — व्रजपति; iha — यहाँ; sūnoḥ — अपने पुत्र के; jātakārthaṁ — जातकर्म के अवसर पर; tathā — उसी प्रकार; asau — वह
Here is the case. The lord of Vraja — Nanda — for his son's birth-celebration, accordingly gave.
यहाँ वह व्रजपति (नन्द) अपने पुत्र के जातकर्म के अवसर पर उसी प्रकार (दान करता है)।
The udāharaṇa (illustration) of the ābhyudāyika just defined in L1-L2 (4.3.31-32): Nanda parts with his wealth at Kṛṣṇa's birth-rite to bring about his son's prosperity. This first mūla atom of the example verse names the lakṣaṇa it serves.
यह ऊपर (4.3.31-32) परिभाषित 'आभ्युदायिक' का उदाहरण है — नन्द अपने पुत्र के अभ्युदय के लिए कृष्ण के जातकर्म पर अपना धन लुटा देते हैं। उदाहरण-श्लोक का यह पहला मूल अंश उसी लक्षण को दर्शाता है जिसकी वह पुष्टि करता है।
L4example
vyatarad amala-cetāḥ sañcayaṁ naicikīnām |
vyataratgave away, bestowed past tense — the main verb of the exampleदे डाला
amala-cetāḥwith a spotless heart, pure-minded nominative describing Nanda — the word the commentators fasten onनिर्मल चित्त वाले (नन्द) ने
sañcayaṁa whole herd, a collectionसमूह / राशि
naicikīnāmof naicikī cows — fine milch-cows genitive — what the herd is made ofउत्तम गौओं का
amala-cetāḥ — pure-minded; naicikīnām sañcayaṁ — a whole herd of fine milch-cows; vyatarat — he gave away.
vyatarat — दे डाला; amala-cetāḥ — निर्मल चित्त वाले (नन्द); sañcayaṁ — समूह; naicikīnām — उत्तम गौओं का
Pure of heart, he gave away a whole herd of fine milch-cows.
निर्मल चित्त वाले नन्द ने उत्तम गौओं का समूह (ब्राह्मणों को) दे डाला।
L5example
pṛthur api nṛga-kīrtiḥ sāmprataṁ saṁvṛtāsīd
pṛthuḥ apieven Pṛthu — even that famously generous king api = 'even', raising the bar to the most celebrated of giversपृथु भी
nṛga-kīrtiḥand the fame of Nṛga the feminine subject that saṁvṛtā agrees with; Pṛthu and Nṛga are the byword-generous kingsनृग की कीर्ति
sāmprataṁnow, as of todayइस समय
saṁvṛtā āsīthas been covered over, put in the shade, eclipsed feminine, agreeing with kīrtiḥ; saṁvṛtā 'eclipsed' + āsīt 'has come to be'ढक गई (मन्द पड़ गई) है
pṛthuḥ api nṛga-kīrtiḥ — even Pṛthu's and Nṛga's fame; sāmprataṁ — now; saṁvṛtā āsīt — has been eclipsed.
pṛthuḥ api — पृथु भी; nṛga-kīrtiḥ — नृग की कीर्ति; sāmprataṁ — इस समय; saṁvṛtā āsīt — ढक गई है
The fame of even Pṛthu, and of Nṛga, has now been put in the shade — those bywords for royal giving, outdone at last.
पृथु और नृग तक की कीर्ति भी अब (नन्द के दान के आगे) ढक गई है।
L6example
iti nijagadur uccair bhūsurā yena tṛptāḥ ||
itithus (closing the brāhmaṇas' words)ऐसा
nijagaduḥthey proclaimed, they declaredकहा
uccaiḥaloud, at the top of their voicesऊँचे स्वर से
bhūsurāḥthe brāhmaṇas — the 'gods on earth'भूसुर (ब्राह्मण)
yenasatisfied by whom (by Nanda) instrumental of cause taken with tṛptāḥ — 'gratified because of him'जिसके कारण
tṛptāḥgratified, made contentतृप्त हुए
yena tṛptāḥ bhūsurāḥ — the brāhmaṇas, gratified by whom; iti — thus; uccaiḥ — aloud; nijagaduḥ — proclaimed.
iti — ऐसा; nijagaduḥ — कहा; uccaiḥ — ऊँचे स्वर से; bhūsurāḥ — भूसुर (ब्राह्मण); yena — जिसके कारण; tṛptāḥ — तृप्त हुए
So the brāhmaṇas, gratified by him, proclaimed it aloud. His giving had eclipsed even Pṛthu and Nṛga.
जिसके कारण तृप्त हुए, उन भूसुरों (ब्राह्मणों) ने ऊँचे स्वर से ऐसा कहा।
yena ('by whom') reaches back to Nanda, the vraja-pati of L3 — it is his gift that satisfied the brāhmaṇas.
'यस्य' (जिसके द्वारा) पीछे L3 के व्रजपति नन्द की ओर संकेत करता है — उन्हीं के दान से ब्राह्मण तृप्त हुए।