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Commentary
JīvaMukunda-dāsaViśvanātha
BRS 3.2.169
premā, yathā—
dviṣadbhiḥ kṣodiṣṭhair jagad-bhavataḥ
karād ākṛṣyaiva prasabham abhimanyāv api hate |
subhadrāyāḥ prītir danuja-damana tvad-viṣayikā
prapede kalyāṇī na hi malinimānaṁ lavam api ||
The verse — decoded
L1example
dviṣadbhiḥ kṣodiṣṭhair jagad-bhavataḥ
dviṣadbhiḥby enemies — the ones who did the killing instrumental of agent; construes with hate in L2शत्रुओं के द्वारा
kṣodiṣṭhaiḥwho were utterly trifling, the lowliest of foes superlative; heightens the outrage — such little men, against Kṛṣṇa's ownअत्यन्त क्षुद्र (ऐसे तुच्छ) लोगों के द्वारा
jagad-bhavataḥof you, master of the world genitive bhavataḥ construes with karāt in L2 ("from your hand"); Viśvanātha unpacks jagat- as "whose will is unobstructed in the world"जगत् में जिनकी इच्छा कभी नहीं रुकती, ऐसे आपके (हाथ से)
jagad-bhavataḥ karāt (L2) — from the hand of you, master of the world; dviṣadbhiḥ kṣodiṣṭhaiḥ — by the lowliest of enemies …
dviṣadbhiḥ — शत्रुओं के द्वारा; kṣodiṣṭhaiḥ — अत्यन्त क्षुद्र (लोगों के द्वारा); jagad-bhavataḥ — जगत् में जिसकी इच्छा अबाध है, ऐसे आपके (हाथ से)
Even by the lowliest of enemies — and dragged from the very hand of you, the master of the world.
अत्यन्त क्षुद्र शत्रुओं के द्वारा—जगत् में जिनकी इच्छा कभी नहीं रुकती, ऐसे आपके हाथ से—
An udāharaṇa illustrating premā, the love named in the lead-in "premā, yathā—"; shown here as Subhadrā's love for Kṛṣṇa, which stays spotless even when her son is killed.
यह एक उदाहरण है, जो उस प्रेमा को दर्शाता है जिसका संकेत भूमिका में 'प्रेमा, यथा—' कहकर दिया गया था; यहाँ वह कृष्ण के प्रति सुभद्रा की प्रीति के रूप में प्रस्तुत है, जो पुत्र के वध पर भी तनिक भी मलिन नहीं होती।
L2example
karād ākṛṣyaiva prasabham abhimanyāv api hate |
karātfrom [your] hand — the place he was snatched from ablative of source; picks up jagad-bhavataḥ (gen.) from L1(आपके) हाथ से
ākṛṣyahaving dragged [him] awayखींचकर / छीनकर
evathe very act of it — right out of your own handही
prasabhamby sheer force, violentlyबलपूर्वक / हठात्
abhimanyauwhen Abhimanyu locative absolute with hateअभिमन्यु के (विषय में)
apieven — even he was not sparedभी
hatewas killed locative absolute; "even when Abhimanyu was killed"जब मार डाला गया (उस दशा में)
abhimanyau api — even Abhimanyu; karāt prasabham ākṛṣya eva — forcibly dragged from your very hand; hate — [when he] was killed.
karāt — (आपके) हाथ से; ākṛṣya — खींचकर; eva — ही; prasabham — बलपूर्वक; abhimanyau — अभिमन्यु के; api — भी; hate — मारे जाने पर
Even Abhimanyu was dragged off by force, right out of your own hand, and killed.
अभिमन्यु को आपके हाथ से बलपूर्वक खींचकर ही जब मार डाला गया, तब भी—
L3example
subhadrāyāḥ prītir danuja-damana tvad-viṣayikā
subhadrāyāḥSubhadrā's — whose love this is genitive; possessor of prītiḥसुभद्रा की
prītiḥher love, prīti nominative subject of prapede in L4जो प्रीति है (वह)
danuja-damanaO subduer of the demons vocative to Kṛṣṇa; the epithet sharpens the paradox — you crush demons, yet lowly men killed her sonहे दैत्यों का दमन करनेवाले (कृष्ण)
tvad-viṣayikāhaving you for its object — love aimed at youआपको ही अपना विषय बनानेवाली / आपके प्रति
subhadrāyāḥ prītiḥ — Subhadrā's love; tvad-viṣayikā — aimed at you; danuja-damana — O subduer of the demons.
subhadrāyāḥ — सुभद्रा की; prītiḥ — प्रीति; danuja-damana — हे दनुज-दमन (दैत्यों का दमन करनेवाले); tvad-viṣayikā — आपके प्रति
O subduer of the demons — Subhadrā's love, the love she holds for you …
हे दनुजदमन! आपके प्रति सुभद्रा की जो प्रीति है—
L4example
prapede kalyāṇī na hi malinimānaṁ lavam api ||
prapededid incur / did come to with na (below) = did not incur; main verb, subject prītiḥ from L3प्राप्त हुई ('न' के साथ — प्राप्त नहीं हुई)
kalyāṇīauspicious — this blessed love nominative, agreeing with prītiḥकल्याणमयी (वह प्रीति)
na hicertainly not — for it did notकभी नहीं
malinimānaṁany stain, any tarnish accusative object of prapedeमलिनता को / कालिमा को
lavam apinot even a trace of itलेशमात्र भी
kalyāṇī [prītiḥ] — that auspicious love; malinimānaṁ lavam api — even a trace of stain; na hi prapede — did certainly not incur.
prapede — प्राप्त हुई (na के साथ = प्राप्त नहीं हुई); kalyāṇī — कल्याणमयी (प्रीति); na hi — कभी नहीं; malinimānaṁ — मलिनता को; lavam api — लेशमात्र भी
That auspicious love did not take on even a trace of a stain.
वह कल्याणमयी प्रीति लेशमात्र भी मलिनता को प्राप्त नहीं हुई।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam.
na vyākhyātamit has not been explained — no comment is offered here(जीव गोस्वामी ने) व्याख्या नहीं की
na vyākhyātam — [this verse] has not been explained.
na vyākhyātam — व्याख्या नहीं की गई
Jīva gives no gloss on this verse.
इस श्लोक पर जीव गोस्वामी ने कोई व्याख्या नहीं की।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
kṣodiṣṭhaiḥ kṣudraiḥ śatrubiḥ abhimanyau putre hate sati, tatrāpi jagati avihatecchasya bhavataḥ karāt prasabhaṁ haṭhāt ākṛṣyaiva, “tasmāt tvad-icchayaiva putro mṛtaḥ” iti niścaye’pi subhadrāyās tvad-viṣayikā kalyāṇī prītiḥ lavam api malinimānaṁ na prapede |
kṣodiṣṭhaiḥ kṣudraiḥ śatrubhiḥkṣodiṣṭhaiḥ means: by the lowly enemies gloss of the mūla's kṣodiṣṭhaiḥक्षुद्र शत्रुओं के द्वारा (मूल के 'क्षोदिष्ठैः' की व्याख्या)
abhimanyau putre hate satiwhen Abhimanyu, [her] son, was killed locative absolute; putre supplies that Abhimanyu is her sonजब उसका पुत्र अभिमन्यु मारा गया
tatrāpieven in that very caseउस दशा में भी
jagati avihatecchasya bhavataḥof you whose will nothing in the world can obstruct unpacks the mūla's jagad-bhavataḥ; genitive construing with karātजगत् में जिनकी इच्छा अबाध है, ऐसे आपके (हाथ से)
karātfrom [your] hand ablative of sourceहाथ से
prasabhaṁ haṭhātprasabham means: by force, violently gloss of the mūla's prasabhamबलपूर्वक / हठात् (मूल के 'प्रसभम्' की व्याख्या)
ākṛṣyaivahaving dragged [him] off — that very actखींचकर ही
"tasmāt tvad-icchayaiva putro mṛtaḥ" iti niścaye'pieven holding the settled certainty, "so my son died by your will alone" locative niścaye + api = "even when she was certain that…"; sharpens the test — she blames his death on Kṛṣṇa's own will, yet her love stays clean'अतः आपकी ही इच्छा से मेरा पुत्र मरा'—ऐसा निश्चय होने पर भी
subhadrāyāḥSubhadrā's genitive; possessor of prītiḥसुभद्रा की
tvad-viṣayikāaimed at you, having you as its objectआपके प्रति / आपको विषय बनानेवाली
kalyāṇī prītiḥher auspicious loveकल्याणमयी प्रीति
lavam api malinimānaṁ na prapededid not incur even a trace of stainलेशमात्र भी मलिनता को प्राप्त नहीं हुई
abhimanyau putre hate sati — when her son Abhimanyu was killed; tatrāpi — even then; jagati avihatecchasya bhavataḥ karāt — from the hand of you whose will nothing can obstruct; prasabhaṁ ākṛṣyaiva — dragged off by sheer force; "tasmāt tvad-icchayaiva putro mṛtaḥ" iti niścaye'pi — even certain that "so my son died by your will alone"; subhadrāyāḥ tvad-viṣayikā kalyāṇī prītiḥ — Subhadrā's auspicious love aimed at you; lavam api malinimānaṁ na prapede — did not incur even a trace of stain.
kṣodiṣṭhaiḥ kṣudraiḥ śatrubhiḥ — क्षुद्र शत्रुओं के द्वारा; abhimanyau putre hate sati — जब उसका पुत्र अभिमन्यु मारा गया; tatrāpi — तब भी; jagati avihatecchasya bhavataḥ — जगत् में जिसकी इच्छा अबाध है, ऐसे आपके; karāt — हाथ से; prasabhaṁ haṭhāt — बलपूर्वक; ākṛṣyaiva — खींचकर ही; "tasmāt tvad-icchayaiva putro mṛtaḥ" iti niścaye'pi — 'अतः आपकी ही इच्छा से पुत्र मरा' ऐसा निश्चय होने पर भी; subhadrāyāḥ — सुभद्रा की; tvad-viṣayikā — आपके प्रति; kalyāṇī prītiḥ — कल्याणमयी प्रीति; lavam api malinimānaṁ na prapede — लेशमात्र भी मलिनता को प्राप्त नहीं हुई
Her son Abhimanyu was killed by lowly enemies — dragged off by force from the very hand of Kṛṣṇa, whose will nothing in the world can block. Subhadrā even settled it in her mind: "So my son died by his will alone." And still her auspicious love for Kṛṣṇa did not pick up even a trace of a stain.
क्षुद्र शत्रुओं के द्वारा जब उसका पुत्र अभिमन्यु मारा गया, तब भी—जगत् में जिनकी इच्छा कभी नहीं रुकती, ऐसे आपके हाथ से बलपूर्वक खींचकर ही उसे मारा गया, और 'अतः आपकी ही इच्छा से मेरा पुत्र मरा' ऐसा निश्चय होने पर भी—सुभद्रा की आपके प्रति कल्याणमयी प्रीति लेशमात्र भी मलिनता को प्राप्त नहीं हुई।
s2conclusion
dhvaṁsa-kāraṇe saty api dhvaṁsābhāva eva prema-lakṣaṇam iti pūrvoktam ||
dhvaṁsa-kāraṇe sati apieven when a cause that should destroy [the love] is present locative absolute + api; the concessive that carries the pointविनाश का कारण उपस्थित होने पर भी
dhvaṁsābhāva evathe very non-destruction of it, its not breaking down at all eva pins the defining feature to the absence, not to anything addedविनाश का न होना ही
prema-lakṣaṇamis the defining mark of premaप्रेम का लक्षण है
iti pūrvoktamthis was already stated earlierऐसा पहले कहा जा चुका है
dhvaṁsa-kāraṇe saty api — even when a cause of destruction is present; dhvaṁsābhāva eva — the very absence of destruction; prema-lakṣaṇam — is the mark of prema; iti pūrvoktam — as was said before.
dhvaṁsa-kāraṇe sati api — विनाश का कारण उपस्थित होने पर भी; dhvaṁsābhāva eva — विनाश का अभाव ही; prema-lakṣaṇam — प्रेम का लक्षण; iti pūrvoktam — ऐसा पहले कहा जा चुका है
Even when something is there that ought to destroy the love, the fact that it simply does not break down — that itself is the mark of prema. This was stated earlier.
विनाश का कारण उपस्थित रहने पर भी विनाश का न होना ही प्रेम का लक्षण है—यह बात पहले कही जा चुकी है।