yathā vā—
ruṣājvalita-buddhinā bhṛgu-sutena śapto’py alaṁ
mayā hṛta-jagat-trayo’py atanu-kaitavaṁ tanvatā |
vinindya kṛta-bandhano’py uraga-rāja-pāśair balād
arajyata sa mayy aho dviguṇam eva vairocaniḥ ||
The verse — decoded
L1example
ruṣājvalita-buddhinā bhṛgu-sutena śapto’py alaṁ
ruṣā-jvalita-buddhināby one whose mind was set ablaze with rage instrumental describing the agent of the passive 'cursed'; ruṣā ('with anger') is folded into the bahuvrīhiक्रोध से जिसकी बुद्धि जल उठी, ऐसे (शुक्राचार्य) के द्वारा
bhṛgu-sutenanamely by the son of Bhṛgu (Śukra) instrumental, the same agent namedभृगु के पुत्र (शुक्राचार्य) के द्वारा
śapto 'pieven though he was cursed api = concessive 'even though'; the first of three wrongs done to Baliशाप दे दिए जाने पर भी
alaṁand that severelyभली-भाँति, भरपूर
bhṛgu-sutena — by the son of Bhṛgu (Śukra); ruṣā-jvalita-buddhinā — whose mind was ablaze with rage; alaṁ śaptaḥ api — even though he was cursed, and severely.
ruṣā-jvalita-buddhinā — क्रोध से जिसकी बुद्धि जल उठी उस; bhṛgu-sutena — भृगुपुत्र (शुक्राचार्य) के द्वारा; śapto 'pi — शाप दिए जाने पर भी; alaṁ — भली-भाँति।
Even though Bali was cursed — and cursed severely — by Śukra, the son of Bhṛgu, whose mind had caught fire with anger.
क्रोध से जिसकी बुद्धि प्रज्वलित हो उठी, उस भृगुपुत्र (शुक्राचार्य) ने भले ही उसे (बलि को) भरपूर शाप दे दिया।
An udāharaṇa (illustrative verse) in the laharī on prīti-bhakti-rasa (dāsya, servile love): the point it illustrates is that Bali's love for Kṛṣṇa only deepened under harsh treatment. The verse is Kṛṣṇa's own words to Uddhava, listing three wrongs Bali suffered (this line, the seizure of his worlds, and his binding), each capped by 'even though' (api).
यह प्रीति-भक्ति-रस (दास्य अर्थात् सेवक-भाव के प्रेम) की लहरी में दिया गया उदाहरण-श्लोक है। इसका अभिप्राय यह है कि कठोर व्यवहार सहने पर भी बलि का कृष्ण के प्रति प्रेम और भी गहरा होता गया। यह श्लोक स्वयं कृष्ण के उद्धव से कहे हुए वचन हैं, जिनमें बलि पर हुए तीन अन्यायों को गिनाया गया है (यह पंक्ति, उसके लोकों का हरण, और उसका बन्धन), और प्रत्येक को 'अपि' (तो भी) कहकर समाप्त किया गया है।
L2example
mayā hṛta-jagat-trayo’py atanu-kaitavaṁ tanvatā |
mayāby me (Kṛṣṇa) instrumental agent; construes with tanvatā at the end of the lineमेरे (कृष्ण के) द्वारा
hṛta-jagat-trayo 'pieven though his three worlds were taken from him bahuvrīhi describing Bali; api = 'even though', the second wrongजिसके तीनों लोक हर लिए गए, ऐसा होने पर भी
atanu-kaitavaṁa no-small deception a-tanu = 'not slight', so 'a huge fraud'; object of tanvatāबड़ा भारी छल (जो तनिक-सा नहीं)
tanvatāby me who was working [that fraud] instrumental agreeing with mayā; present participle, 'while spreading it'उस छल को फैलाते हुए (मेरे द्वारा)
mayā tanvatā — by me, who was working atanu-kaitavaṁ — a no-small deception; hṛta-jagat-trayaḥ api — even though his three worlds were seized from him.
mayā — मेरे द्वारा; hṛta-jagat-trayo 'pi — जिसके तीनों लोक हर लिए गए, ऐसा होने पर भी; atanu-kaitavaṁ — बड़ा भारी छल; tanvatā — फैलाते हुए।
Even though I myself took his three worlds away from him — I, who pulled off no small piece of trickery to do it.
बड़ा भारी छल रचते हुए मेरे द्वारा जिसके तीनों लोक हर लिए गए, ऐसा होने पर भी।
The 'no-small deception' is the Vāmana episode: Kṛṣṇa in dwarf form begged three paces of land and then stepped over the whole universe, dispossessing Bali.
यह 'तनिक-सा नहीं, वरन् बड़ा' छल वामन-अवतार का प्रसंग है — कृष्ण ने बौने रूप में तीन पग भूमि माँगी और फिर समस्त ब्रह्माण्ड को लाँघ गए, जिससे बलि अपने सर्वस्व से वंचित हो गया।
L3example
vinindya kṛta-bandhano’py uraga-rāja-pāśair balād
vinindyaand after I had scorned him gerund; its agent is the speaker Kṛṣṇa, not the finite verb's subject (Bali) — the third wrongनिन्दा करके, भला-बुरा कहकर
kṛta-bandhano 'pieven though he was made a prisoner bahuvrīhi describing Bali; api = 'even though'जिसे बन्धन में डाल दिया गया, ऐसा होने पर भी
uraga-rāja-pāśairwith the nooses of the serpent-king instrumental of means; the nāga-pāśa used to bind himनागराज के पाशों के द्वारा
balādand by sheer force ablative used adverbially, 'forcibly'बलपूर्वक
vinindya — after I had scorned him; uraga-rāja-pāśaiḥ balāt kṛta-bandhanaḥ api — even though he was forcibly made a prisoner with the nooses of the serpent-king.
vinindya — निन्दा करके; kṛta-bandhano 'pi — जिसे बाँध दिया गया, ऐसा होने पर भी; uraga-rāja-pāśair — नागराज के पाशों से; balād — बलपूर्वक।
And even after I had reviled him and had him tied up by force with the serpent-king's nooses.
निन्दा करके, नागराज के पाशों से बलपूर्वक जिसे बाँध दिया गया, ऐसा होने पर भी।
The three wrongs now stand complete: cursed by Śukra, stripped of his worlds, and bound. Each is granted with 'even though' (api) precisely to set up the astonishing turn in the last line.
अब तीनों अन्याय पूरे हो जाते हैं — शुक्र के द्वारा शाप, उसके लोकों का हरण, और उसका बन्धन। प्रत्येक को 'अपि' (तो भी) कहकर स्वीकार किया गया है, ठीक इसलिए कि अन्तिम पंक्ति के आश्चर्यजनक मोड़ की भूमिका बन सके।
L4example
arajyata sa mayy aho dviguṇam eva vairocaniḥ ||
sa vairocaniḥthat son of Virocana (Bali) subject of the verb; sa 'that [very]' points back through all three wrongsवही विरोचन-पुत्र (बलि)
mayytoward me locative, the object of his growing loveमुझमें
dviguṇam evadoubly, no less eva underscores the wonder — 'twice as much, precisely'दुगुना ही
arajyatagrew loving / became attached finite verb (imperfect), the payoff the three concessions build toअनुरक्त हो गया, प्रेम करने लगा
ahoah! (a cry of wonder)अहो! (आश्चर्य का उद्गार)
aho — ah!; sa vairocaniḥ — that son of Virocana; mayi — toward me; dviguṇam eva arajyata — grew loving, and doubly so.
sa vairocaniḥ — वही विरोचन-पुत्र (बलि); mayy — मुझमें; dviguṇam eva — दुगुना ही; arajyata — अनुरक्त हो गया; aho — अहो!
Ah — that son of Virocana, Bali, only grew twice as loving toward me. This is the wonder the whole verse drives at: servile love that redoubles under the very treatment that would break ordinary affection.
अहो! वही विरोचन-पुत्र (बलि) मुझमें दुगुना ही अनुरक्त हो गया।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1avataranika
ruṣā iti |
ruṣā itithe verse beginning 'ruṣā…' pratīka — the catch-word by which Jīva names the verse he is about to gloss'रुषा' इत्यादि (जिस श्लोक की व्याख्या होने जा रही है उसका प्रतीक)
ruṣā iti — [now,] the verse that begins with the word ruṣā.
ruṣā iti — 'रुषा' इत्यादि (प्रतीक)।
Jīva picks up the verse by its opening word, ruṣā, to begin his comment.
'रुषा' इत्यादि श्लोक (की व्याख्या की जाती है)।
s2gloss
bali-sadanād āgamanānantaram uddhavaṁ prati śrī-kṛṣṇa-vacanam ||
bali-sadanādfrom Bali's abode ablative, the place Kṛṣṇa is coming back fromबलि के घर से
āgamana-anantaramright after [his] returning adverbial accusative, 'immediately after'लौट आने के तुरन्त बाद
uddhavaṁ pratiaddressed to Uddhava prati + accusative = 'toward, to'उद्धव के प्रति (उद्धव से)
śrī-kṛṣṇa-vacanam[this is] Śrī Kṛṣṇa's speech predicate nominative supplying the whole verse's frameश्रीकृष्ण के वचन हैं
bali-sadanāt āgamana-anantaram — right after coming back from Bali's abode; uddhavaṁ prati — to Uddhava; śrī-kṛṣṇa-vacanam — [these are] Śrī Kṛṣṇa's words.
bali-sadanād — बलि के घर से; āgamana-anantaram — आने के तुरन्त बाद; uddhavaṁ prati — उद्धव के प्रति; śrī-kṛṣṇa-vacanam — श्रीकृष्ण के वचन।
Jīva sets the scene: these are Kṛṣṇa's own words, spoken to Uddhava just after he returned from Bali's abode.
बलि के घर से लौट आने के तुरन्त बाद उद्धव से कहे गए श्रीकृष्ण के वचन हैं।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
ruṣā iti |
ruṣā itithe verse beginning 'ruṣā…' pratīka — the catch-word by which Viśvanātha names the verse to be glossed'रुषा' इत्यादि (जिस श्लोक की व्याख्या होने जा रही है उसका प्रतीक)
ruṣā iti — [now,] the verse that begins with the word ruṣā.
ruṣā iti — 'रुषा' इत्यादि (प्रतीक)।
Viśvanātha takes up the verse by its opening word, ruṣā.
'रुषा' इत्यादि श्लोक (की व्याख्या की जाती है)।
s2gloss
bali-sadanād āgamanānantaram uddhavaṁ prati śrī-kṛṣṇasya vacanam |
bali-sadanādfrom Bali's abode ablative, the place returned fromबलि के घर से
āgamana-anantaramright after [his] returning adverbial accusative, 'immediately after'लौट आने के तुरन्त बाद
uddhavaṁ pratiaddressed to Uddhava prati + accusative = 'toward, to'उद्धव के प्रति (उद्धव से)
śrī-kṛṣṇasya vacanam[these are] the words of Śrī Kṛṣṇa genitive + vacanam, 'the speech belonging to Kṛṣṇa'श्रीकृष्ण के वचन (श्रीकृष्ण का कथन)
bali-sadanāt āgamana-anantaram — right after coming back from Bali's abode; uddhavaṁ prati — to Uddhava; śrī-kṛṣṇasya vacanam — [these are] the words of Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
bali-sadanād — बलि के घर से; āgamana-anantaram — आने के तुरन्त बाद; uddhavaṁ prati — उद्धव के प्रति; śrī-kṛṣṇasya vacanam — श्रीकृष्ण के वचन।
Viśvanātha gives the same setting: these are Kṛṣṇa's words to Uddhava, spoken right after he came back from Bali's abode.
बलि के घर से लौट आने के तुरन्त बाद उद्धव से कहे गए श्रीकृष्ण के वचन हैं।
s3gloss
bhṛgu-sutena śukrācāryeṇa vairocanir baliḥ ||
bhṛgu-sutena śukrācāryeṇa'by the son of Bhṛgu' — that is, by Śukrācārya instrumental in apposition, identifying the mūla's bhṛgu-sutenaभृगुपुत्र अर्थात् शुक्राचार्य के द्वारा
vairocanir baliḥ'the son of Virocana' — that is, Bali nominative in apposition, identifying the mūla's vairocaniḥविरोचन-पुत्र अर्थात् बलि
bhṛgu-sutena — 'by the son of Bhṛgu' = śukrācāryeṇa — by Śukrācārya; vairocaniḥ — 'the son of Virocana' = baliḥ — is Bali.
bhṛgu-sutena śukrācāryeṇa — भृगुपुत्र अर्थात् शुक्राचार्य के द्वारा; vairocanir baliḥ — विरोचन-पुत्र अर्थात् बलि।
Viśvanātha pins down the two epithets: in the verse, 'son of Bhṛgu' means Śukrācārya, and 'son of Virocana' means Bali.
मूल का 'भृगु-सुत' अर्थात् शुक्राचार्य, और 'वैरोचनि' अर्थात् बलि।