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Commentary
JīvaMukunda-dāsaViśvanātha
BRS 2.1.154-155
← 2.1.1532.1.156-157 →
(41) sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ—
sarveṣāṁ hita-kārī yaḥ sa syāt sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ ||
yathā—
kṛtāḥ kṛtārthā munayo vinodaiḥ
khala-kṣayeṇākhila-dhārmikāś ca |
vapur-vimardena khalāś ca yuddhe
na kasya pathyaṁ hariṇā vyadhāyi ||
The verse — translated
One who does good to all is the bringer of good to all. (154) By his pastimes the sages were brought to fulfilment; by the destruction of the wicked, all the righteous; and even the wicked, by the crushing of their bodies in battle. For whom has Hari not done good? (155)
जो सबका हित करता है, वह सर्व-शुभंकर होता है। (154) हरि ने अपनी लीलाओं से मुनियों को कृतार्थ किया, दुष्टों के विनाश से समस्त धार्मिकों को, और युद्ध में उनके शरीर का मर्दन करके दुष्टों को भी — हरि ने किसका हित नहीं किया? (155)
The verse — line by line
L1definition
sarveṣāṁ hita-kārī yaḥ sa syāt sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ ||
sarveṣāmtoward all beings — for everyoneसबका, समस्त प्राणियों का
hita-kārīwho does good, who works for their benefitजो हित करता है, भला करने वाला
yaḥhe whoजो (पुरुष)
saḥheवही
syātwould beहोता है, कहलाता है
sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥthe one who brings good to all, the all-auspicious-makerसर्व-शुभंकर, सबका मंगल करने वाला
yaḥ — he who; sarveṣām — for all beings; hita-kārī — does good; saḥ — he; sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ — the all-auspicious-maker; syāt — would be.
yaḥ — जो; sarveṣām — सबका; hita-kārī — हित करने वाला (है); saḥ — वही; sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ — सर्व-शुभंकर; syāt — होता है।
He who does good for everyone — that one is sarva-śubhaṅkara, 'the one who brings good to all.' This is the definition of the quality; it is the forty-first in this list of Kṛṣṇa's qualities.
जो सब प्राणियों का हित करता है, वही सर्व-शुभंकर कहलाता है। सबका मंगल करना ही इस गुण का लक्षण है।
Defines sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ, the forty-first quality named in the lead-in '(41) sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ—'.
यहाँ इकतालीसवें गुण सर्व-शुभंकर की परिभाषा दी गई है, जिसका उल्लेख आरम्भ में '(४१) सर्व-शुभंकरः—' इस रूप में हुआ था।
L2example
kṛtāḥ kṛtārthā munayo vinodaiḥ
munayaḥthe sagesमुनिजन, ऋषिगण
vinodaiḥby his pastimes instrumental of means — the pastimes are what fulfilled themलीलाओं के द्वारा, क्योंकि उन्हीं क्रीड़ाओं से
kṛtārthāḥmade fulfilled, brought to their goalकृतार्थ, सफल-मनोरथ
kṛtāḥwere made [so]कर दिए गए
munayaḥ — the sages; vinodaiḥ — by his pastimes; kṛtārthāḥ kṛtāḥ — were made fulfilled.
munayaḥ — मुनिजन; vinodaiḥ — (हरि की) लीलाओं के द्वारा; kṛtārthāḥ — कृतार्थ; kṛtāḥ — कर दिए गए।
The sages were made fulfilled by Hari's pastimes. This begins the illustration: one class of beings after another, all benefited by him.
मुनिजन हरि की लीलाओं के द्वारा कृतार्थ कर दिए गए। उन्हीं क्रीड़ाओं ने उन्हें पूर्णकाम बना दिया।
An udāharaṇa of sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ, 'the one who brings good to all,' the forty-first quality defined in 2.1.154; each line names one class of beings Hari benefits.
यह सर्व-शुभंकर—'सबका भला करने वाले'—का उदाहरण है, जो इकतालीसवाँ गुण २.१.१५४ में परिभाषित हुआ। प्रत्येक चरण उन प्राणियों के एक वर्ग का नाम लेता है जिनका हरि उपकार करते हैं।
L3example
khala-kṣayeṇākhila-dhārmikāś ca |
khala-kṣayeṇaby the destruction of the wicked instrumental of means — how the righteous were fulfilledदुष्टों के नाश के द्वारा, क्योंकि दुर्जन मिटा दिए गए
akhila-dhārmikāḥall the righteous, everyone devoted to dharmaसमस्त धर्मात्मा जन
caand — the second class benefitedऔर (वे भी कृतार्थ कर दिए गए)
akhila-dhārmikāḥ ca — and all the righteous [were made fulfilled]; khala-kṣayeṇa — by the destruction of the wicked.
khala-kṣayeṇa — दुष्टों के संहार के द्वारा; akhila-dhārmikāḥ — सब धर्मपरायण जन; ca — और (कृतार्थ किए गए)।
And all the righteous were fulfilled by his destroying the wicked. The verb 'were made fulfilled' from the previous line carries over here.
और सब धर्मात्मा जन दुष्टों के नाश के द्वारा कृतार्थ हुए। दुर्जनों के मिट जाने से धर्मशील जनों का हित हुआ।
L4example
vapur-vimardena khalāś ca yuddhe
vapur-vimardenaby the crushing of their bodies instrumental of means — how even the wicked were benefitedशरीर के मर्दन के द्वारा, क्योंकि उनकी देह चूर्ण की गई
khalāḥthe wickedदुष्ट जन
caand even — the third and least expected classभी (उपकृत किए गए)
yuddhein battle locative — the setting of the crushingयुद्ध में (यही मर्दन का स्थल)
khalāḥ ca — and even the wicked [were made fulfilled]; yuddhe — in battle; vapur-vimardena — by the crushing of their bodies.
khalāḥ ca — दुष्ट जन भी; yuddhe — युद्ध में; vapur-vimardena — (अपनी) देह के मर्दन के द्वारा (उपकृत हुए)।
And even the wicked were benefited — by his crushing their bodies in battle. Dying at Hari's hand purified them, so the very killing was a kindness to them too.
और दुष्ट जन भी युद्ध में अपने शरीर के मर्दन के द्वारा उपकृत हुए। हरि के हाथों देह-नाश पाकर उनका भी कल्याण हो गया।
L5example
na kasya pathyaṁ hariṇā vyadhāyi ||
kasyafor whom genitive standing for the dative — 'to whose benefit'किसका, किसके लिए
pathyamwhat is wholesome, good for oneपथ्य, हितकर वस्तु
nanotनहीं
hariṇāby Hari instrumental of the agent with the passive verbहरि के द्वारा
vyadhāyiwas brought about, was done aorist passive — 'was accomplished'किया गया, सम्पन्न किया गया
kasya — for whom; pathyam — what is wholesome; hariṇā — by Hari; na vyadhāyi — was not brought about?
hariṇā — हरि के द्वारा; kasya — किसके लिए; pathyam — हित; na vyadhāyi — नहीं किया गया?
For whom did Hari not bring about the good? The rhetorical question closes the list: sages, righteous, and wicked alike were all benefited — so he is sarva-śubhaṅkara, the one who does good to all.
हरि ने किसके लिए हित नहीं किया? अर्थात् उन्होंने सबका ही भला किया।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1avataranika
kṛtā ity uttarāvasthāyāṁ śrīmad-uddhavoktiḥ |
kṛtā itithe verse beginning 'kṛtāḥ''कृताः' इत्यादि (श्लोक)
uttarāvasthāyāmin a later period, at a later stage locative of time — when the words were spokenउत्तर अवस्था में, जब वह पिछली दशा आ पहुँची
śrīmad-uddhava-uktiḥis Śrīmad Uddhava's statementश्रीमान् उद्धव का कथन है
kṛtā iti — the verse beginning 'kṛtāḥ'; uttarāvasthāyām — in a later period; śrīmad-uddhava-uktiḥ — is Śrīmad Uddhava's statement.
kṛtā iti — 'कृताः' इत्यादि; uttarāvasthāyām — उत्तर अवस्था में; śrīmad-uddhava-uktiḥ — श्रीमान् उद्धव का वचन (है)।
Jīva sets the scene: the verse 'kṛtāḥ...' is spoken by Śrīmad Uddhava, at a later stage [of Kṛṣṇa's pastimes]. He tells us whose words these are before glossing them.
'कृताः' इत्यादि वचन उत्तर अवस्था में कहे गए। यह श्रीमान् उद्धव का कथन है।
s2gloss
munayo ātmārāmā vinodais tad-dvāraka-guṇa-pracāraiḥ |
munayaḥthe word 'munayaḥ' meansमुनिजन (यहाँ अर्थ है—)
ātmārāmāḥthe ātmārāmas — sages self-satisfied withinआत्माराम, आत्मा में ही रमण करने वाले सन्त
vinodaiḥthe word 'vinodaiḥ' meansलीलाओं के द्वारा, जिनका तात्पर्य है—
tad-dvāraka-guṇa-pracāraiḥby the spreadings of his qualities carried out through those [pastimes]उन द्वारका-नाथ के गुणों के प्रचार के द्वारा
munayaḥ — 'the sages' [means] ātmārāmāḥ, the self-satisfied sages; vinodaiḥ — 'by his pastimes' [means] tad-dvāraka-guṇa-pracāraiḥ, by the spreading of his qualities through those pastimes.
munayaḥ — आत्माराम मुनि; vinodaiḥ — लीलाओं के द्वारा, अर्थात् tad-dvāraka-guṇa-pracāraiḥ — उन द्वारका-पति के गुणों के प्रचार के द्वारा।
Jīva glosses two words. The 'sages' are the ātmārāmas — those content within themselves. And 'by his pastimes' means by the spreading of his qualities that those pastimes carried out; even such self-satisfied sages were drawn by his qualities.
यहाँ 'munayaḥ' का अर्थ है आत्माराम मुनि। और 'vinodaiḥ' का तात्पर्य है—उन द्वारका-नाथ के गुणों के प्रचार के द्वारा।
s3citation
ātmārāmāś ca munayaḥ ity-ādi ||
ātmārāmāḥ ca munayaḥ'even the self-satisfied sages...''आत्मारामाश्च मुनयः' (यह श्रुति-वचन)
iti-ādiand so on — the rest of the verseइत्यादि (आगे का पद)
ātmārāmāḥ ca munayaḥ iti-ādi — 'even the self-satisfied sages...' and so on.
ātmārāmāḥ ca munayaḥ — 'आत्मारामाश्च मुनयः'; iti-ādi — इत्यादि।
Jīva quotes the opening of Bhāgavata 1.7.11 and lets 'and so on' carry the rest — the verse where even the self-satisfied sages, free of bonds, offer Hari unmotivated devotion, 'such being his qualities.'
'आत्मारामाश्च मुनयः' इत्यादि। इसी प्रसिद्ध श्लोक का यहाँ संकेत है।
Why cited: Scriptural proof for glossing 'munayaḥ' as the ātmārāmas — that even the self-satisfied sages were won by Hari's qualities.
क्यों उद्धृत: 'munayaḥ' को आत्माराम बताने का शास्त्र-प्रमाण—कि आत्मतृप्त मुनि भी हरि के गुणों से वशीभूत हो गए।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
munayo vinodais tad-dvārā sva-guṇa-pracāraiḥ kṛtārthāḥ kṛtāḥ ||
munayaḥthe sagesमुनिजन
vinodaiḥby his pastimesलीलाओं के द्वारा
tad-dvārāthrough those [pastimes], which serve as the medium instrumental 'by means of that' — the pastimes are the channelउनके द्वारा, अर्थात् उन्हीं लीलाओं के माध्यम से
sva-guṇa-pracāraiḥby the spreadings of his own qualitiesअपने गुणों के प्रचार के द्वारा
kṛtārthāḥfulfilled, brought to their goalकृतार्थ
kṛtāḥwere made [so]कर दिए गए
munayaḥ — the sages; vinodaiḥ — by his pastimes, that is, tad-dvārā sva-guṇa-pracāraiḥ — through those pastimes, by the spreadings of his own qualities; kṛtārthāḥ kṛtāḥ — were made fulfilled.
munayaḥ — मुनिजन; vinodaiḥ — लीलाओं के द्वारा, tad-dvārā — उन्हीं के माध्यम से; sva-guṇa-pracāraiḥ — अपने गुणों के प्रचार से; kṛtārthāḥ kṛtāḥ — कृतार्थ कर दिए गए।
Viśvanātha reads the line the same way: the sages were made fulfilled by the pastimes — meaning, through those pastimes, by the spreading of his own qualities. Like Jīva, he takes 'vinodaiḥ' as the medium by which Hari's qualities spread and won the sages.
मुनिजन हरि की लीलाओं के द्वारा कृतार्थ कर दिए गए। उन्हीं लीलाओं के माध्यम से हरि के गुणों के प्रचार ने उन्हें पूर्णकाम बनाया।
← 2.1.1532.1.156-157 →