One who keeps arrogance far away is called vinayī. (139) Here is the sight: the king, seeing him from very far off, eagerly wished to climb down from his chariot, but Hari had already climbed down first himself; with that reverent haste he raises his humility to a special height. (140)
जो उद्धतता का परित्याग करता है, वह विनयी कहलाता है। (139) राजा की दृष्टि बहुत दूर से ही पड़ी और वे वेग से रथ से उतरना चाहते थे, किन्तु हरि स्वयं पहले ही उतर पड़े; इस सम्भ्रम से वे अपने विनय को और भी विशेष बना देते हैं। (140)
The verse — line by line
L1definition
auddhatya-parihārī yaḥ kathyate vinayīty asau ||
auddhatya-parihārīone who keeps arrogance away, who shuns insolenceजो उद्धतता (घमंड) का परिहार कर देता है
yaḥhe whoजो
kathyateis calledकहा जाता है
vinayī iti"vinayī", the modest one'विनयी' इस नाम से
asauthat heroवह
yaḥ auddhatya-parihārī — he who shuns arrogance; asau — that one; vinayī iti — as "the modest one"; kathyate — is called.
auddhatya-parihārī — जो उद्धतता का परिहार करता है; yaḥ — जो; asau — वह; vinayī iti — 'विनयी' इस नाम से; kathyate — कहा जाता है।
The hero who keeps all arrogance away is called vinayī, "the modest one." That is the whole definition: humility is his mark.
जो उद्धतता अर्थात् घमंड को छोड़ देता है, वह 'विनयी' कहलाता है।
This is the lakṣaṇa (defining verse) of vinayī, one of the hero's guṇas catalogued here in the Dakṣiṇa-vibhāga; the four Māgha-kāvya lines that follow (L2–L5) are its udāharaṇa (illustration).
यह विनयी का लक्षण-श्लोक है — दक्षिण-विभाग में गिनाए गए नायक के गुणों में से एक। आगे की चार पंक्तियाँ (L2–L5) माघ-काव्य से ली गई इसकी उदाहरण हैं।
L2example
avaloka eṣa nṛpateḥ sudūrato
avalokaḥthe being-sighted, the glimpse (of Hari)देखना, दर्शन
eṣaḥthis veryयह
nṛpateḥby the king genitive as agent of the sighting; Viśvanātha names the king Yudhiṣṭhiraराजा (युधिष्ठिर) के द्वारा
sudūrataḥfrom very far offबहुत दूर से ही
eṣaḥ avalokaḥ — this very glimpse; nṛpateḥ — by the king; sudūrataḥ — from very far off.
eṣaḥ avalokaḥ — यह जो देखना; nṛpateḥ — राजा (युधिष्ठिर) के द्वारा; sudūrataḥ — बहुत दूर से ही (हुआ)।
The moment Hari is caught sight of, even from a great distance, by the king. Viśvanātha reads the king as Yudhiṣṭhira. The picture is being set: the king spots Hari's chariot far away.
राजा युधिष्ठिर ने बहुत दूर से ही यह दर्शन किया।
An udāharaṇa of vinayī, quoted from the Māgha-kāvya (Śiśupāla-vadha 13.7).
यह विनयी की उदाहरण है, माघ-काव्य (शिशुपाल-वध १३.७) से उद्धृत।
L3example
rabhasād rathād avatarītum icchataḥ |
rabhasātin his eagerness, impetuously ablative of manner; Viśvanātha glosses vegāt, "with speed"वेग से
rathātfrom his chariotरथ से
avatarītumto climb downउतरने के लिए
icchataḥof the one wishing genitive present participle continuing nṛpateḥ from L2 — the king who is longing to descendइच्छा करते हुए (उसी राजा) का
rabhasāt — eagerly; rathāt — from the chariot; avatarītum — to climb down; icchataḥ — of the [king] wishing (to do so).
rabhasāt — वेग से; rathāt — रथ से; avatarītum — उतरने के लिए; icchataḥ — इच्छा करते हुए (राजा) का।
The king, in his eagerness, is already wanting to leap down from his own chariot. Viśvanātha spells rabhasāt as "with speed." So Yudhiṣṭhira is impatient to get down and greet Hari.
जो राजा वेग से रथ से उतरना चाहता था।
L4example
avatīrṇavān prathamam ātmanā harir
avatīrṇavānhad already climbed downउतर गए
prathamamfirst, ahead (of the king)पहले ही
ātmanāby his own person, himself instrumental; Viśvanātha glosses dehena, "with his own body" — not by a servantस्वयं अपने शरीर से
hariḥHari, Kṛṣṇa (the subject)हरि (कृष्ण)
hariḥ — Hari; prathamam — first; ātmanā — by his own person; avatīrṇavān — had climbed down.
hariḥ — हरि; ātmanā — स्वयं अपने शरीर से; prathamam — पहले ही; avatīrṇavān — (रथ से) उतर गए।
But Hari has already gotten down first, by his own body. He does not wait for the king, and does not send a servant. He steps down himself, ahead of the king who was still only wishing to.
हरि पहले ही स्वयं अपने शरीर से रथ से उतर गए, किसी सेवक के द्वारा नहीं।
L5example
vinayaṁ viśeṣayati sambhrameṇa saḥ ||
vinayamhumility, modesty (the object)विनय को
viśeṣayatihe sets apart, raises to a special pitchविशेष रूप से प्रकट करते हैं
sambhrameṇawith reverent flurry, with hurried deference instrumental of manner — the eager haste that shows respectआदरपूर्ण उतावली से
saḥhe, that Hariवे
saḥ — he; sambhrameṇa — with reverent flurry; vinayam — humility; viśeṣayati — raises to a special height.
saḥ — वे; sambhrameṇa — आदरपूर्ण उतावली से; vinayam — विनय को; viśeṣayati — विशेष रूप से प्रकट करते हैं।
By that reverent rush to get down first, he lifts humility to a special height. This is the point of the whole illustration: Hari out-humbles even the humble king, and so shows exactly what vinayī means.
वे आदरभरी उतावली से अपने विनय को विशेष रूप में प्रकट करते हैं।