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Commentary
JīvaMukunda-dāsaViśvanātha
BRS 2.1.128
yathā vā—
vitāyamānair bhavatā makhotkarair
ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu patiṣv anāratam |
mukunda khinnaḥ sura-subhruvāṁ gaṇas
tavāvatāraṁ navamaṁ namasyati ||
The verse — decoded
L1example
vitāyamānair bhavatā makhotkarair
vitāyamānaiḥas they are being spread out / performed present passive participle, instr. pl., agreeing with makhotkaraiḥ; instrumental of means feeding L2's 'drawn away'जो विस्तार में लाए जा रहे हैं — अर्थात् जिनके द्वारा (आगे कहे यज्ञ-समूह विशेषित हैं)
bhavatāby you (said to Mukunda, honorific)आपके द्वारा
makhotkaraiḥby the heaps of sacrifices (makha 'sacrifice' + utkara 'multitude')यज्ञों के समूहों के द्वारा
bhavatā — by you; makhotkaraiḥ — by heaps of sacrifices; vitāyamānaiḥ — as they are being spread out and performed
bhavatā — आपके द्वारा; vitāyamānaiḥ makhotkaraiḥ — विस्तार में लाए जाते हुए यज्ञ-समूहों के द्वारा
O Mukunda, you keep sacrifices going in an endless stream. Sacrifice after sacrifice is being performed. This whole phrase sets up the instrument: it is these sacrifices, expanded by you, that do the mischief the next line names.
हे प्रभो, आपके द्वारा फैलाए जाते हुए अनेक यज्ञों के कारण।
An udāharaṇa (illustrative verse, lead-in yathā vā—) for the section on Kṛṣṇa's avatāras as viṣaya-ālambana of bhakti-rasa in Dakṣiṇa-vibhāga 2.1 (vibhāva). The verse praises the ninth avatāra (the Buddha, per Viśvanātha) in a playful, indirect voice — the goddesses' complaint doubles as homage.
यह एक उदाहरण-श्लोक है ('यथा वा—' कहकर लाया गया), जो दक्षिण-विभाग २.१ (विभाव) में कृष्ण के अवतारों को भक्ति-रस का विषय-आलम्बन दिखाने वाले प्रकरण से सम्बद्ध है। श्लोक विश्वनाथ के अनुसार नवें अवतार (बुद्ध) की स्तुति करता है, वह भी क्रीड़ामय एवं परोक्ष स्वर में — देवांगनाओं की शिकायत ही उनकी वन्दना बन जाती है।
L2example
ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu patiṣv anāratam |
ākṛṣyamāṇeṣuwhen they are being dragged away present passive participle, loc. pl.; heads a locative absolute with patiṣu — 'when the husbands are being drawn off'जब खींचे जा रहे हों (तब), ऐसी स्थिति में
patiṣuthe husbands (of the goddesses — pulled off to officiate)पतियों के
anāratamwithout a break, constantlyनिरन्तर, बिना रुके
patiṣu — the husbands; anāratam — without pause; ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu — being dragged away
patiṣu ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu — जब पति खींचे जा रहे हों; anāratam — निरन्तर
And because those sacrifices never stop, the husbands are constantly dragged off to perform them. The wives are left alone again and again. This is a locative absolute — 'the husbands being drawn away' sets the stage for the wives' distress in the next line.
जब उनके पति निरन्तर (यज्ञों में) खींचे जा रहे हों।
L3example
mukunda khinnaḥ sura-subhruvāṁ gaṇas
mukundaO Mukunda (Kṛṣṇa, addressed)हे मुकुन्द!
khinnaḥdistressed, worn down nom. sg., agreeing with gaṇaḥखिन्न होकर, दुःखी होकर (यह गण का विशेषण है)
sura-subhruvāmof the fair-browed women of the gods (sura 'demigod' + su-bhrū 'lovely-browed lady')सुन्दर भ्रूवाली देवांगनाओं का
gaṇaḥthe whole companyसमूह
mukunda — O Mukunda; sura-subhruvām — of the fair-browed goddess-wives; gaṇaḥ — the whole company; khinnaḥ — is distressed
mukunda — हे मुकुन्द; sura-subhruvām gaṇaḥ — देवांगनाओं का समूह; khinnaḥ — खिन्न होकर
So, Mukunda, the entire company of the lovely goddess-wives is worn out with grief. Their husbands are never home.
हे मुकुन्द! सुन्दर भ्रूवाली देवांगनाओं का समूह खिन्न होकर।
L4example
tavāvatāraṁ navamaṁ namasyati ||
tavayourआपके
avatāramdescent, avatāraअवतार को
navamamthe ninthनवें
namasyatibows to it, pays it homageनमस्कार करता है
tava — your; navamam — ninth; avatāram — avatāra; namasyati — [the company] bows to
tava navamam avatāram — आपके नवें अवतार को; namasyati — नमस्कार करता है
And so they bow to your ninth avatāra. The joke lands here: this avatāra (the Buddha, Viśvanātha says) is the one who stops the sacrifices — so the neglected wives welcome him as the one who will finally bring their husbands home. Their complaint is really praise.
वह आपके नवें अवतार को नमस्कार करता है।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam.
na vyākhyātamnot commented onव्याख्या नहीं की गई
na vyākhyātam — [this verse is] not explained
na vyākhyātam — व्याख्या नहीं की गई
Jīva Gosvāmī leaves the verse without a gloss — he simply notes that he offers no comment here.
इसकी व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
A bare editorial note, not a decode of the verse. Jīva passes over this udāharaṇa; the working explanation comes from Viśvanātha below.
यह श्लोक की व्याख्या नहीं, केवल एक सम्पादकीय टिप्पणी है। जीव इस उदाहरण-श्लोक को छोड़ देते हैं; कार्यसाधक व्याख्या नीचे विश्वनाथ से आती है।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
he mukunda ! bhavatā vitāyamānair vistāryamāṇair makhotkaraiḥ yajña-samūhaiḥ karaṇair anārataṁ nirantaraṁ patiṣv ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu satsu sura-strīṇāṁ samūhaḥ khinnaḥ san tava navamaṁ buddhāvatāraṁ namasyati |
he mukundaO Mukundaहे मुकुन्द!
bhavatāby youआपके द्वारा
vitāyamānaiḥ vistāryamāṇaiḥglossing vitāyamāna as vistāryamāṇa — 'being expanded, spread wide''वितायमान' अर्थात् विस्तार में लाए जाते हुए
makhotkaraiḥ yajña-samūhaiḥ karaṇaiḥglossing makhotkara as 'hosts of sacrifices', taken as the instrument (karaṇa) by which the husbands are drawn off Viśvanātha spells out that the instr. makhotkaraiḥ is an instrumental of means (karaṇa), not the agent'मखोत्कर' अर्थात् यज्ञों के समूह, और ये करण (साधन) हैं — कर्ता नहीं, अपितु जिनके द्वारा कार्य होता है
anāratam nirantaramglossing anārata as nirantara — 'without a break''अनारत' अर्थात् निरन्तर
patiṣu ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu satsuwhen the husbands are being drawn away he adds satsu to make the locative absolute explicit — 'the husbands being in the state of being dragged off'जब पति खींचे जा रहे होते हैं, ऐसी स्थिति में ('सत्सु' जोड़कर यह भाव स्पष्ट किया)
sura-strīṇām samūhaḥglossing sura-subhruvāṁ gaṇaḥ as 'the company of the women of the gods'देवस्त्रियों का समूह
khinnaḥ sanbeing distressedखिन्न होकर
tava navamam buddhāvatāramidentifying your ninth avatāra as the Buddha avatāraआपके नवें बुद्ध-अवतार को
namasyatibows to itनमस्कार करता है
he mukunda — O Mukunda; bhavatā — by you; makhotkaraiḥ karaṇaiḥ — by hosts of sacrifices as the means; vitāyamānaiḥ — being spread wide; anāratam — without pause; patiṣu ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu satsu — when the husbands are being dragged off; sura-strīṇāṁ samūhaḥ — the company of the goddess-women; khinnaḥ san — being distressed; tava navamam buddhāvatāram — your ninth avatāra, the Buddha; namasyati — bows to
he mukunda — हे मुकुन्द; bhavatā vitāyamānaiḥ makhotkaraiḥ karaṇaiḥ — आपके द्वारा विस्तार में लाए जाते हुए यज्ञ-समूह रूपी साधनों के द्वारा; anāratam patiṣu ākṛṣyamāṇeṣu satsu — निरन्तर पतियों के खींचे जाते रहने पर; sura-strīṇām samūhaḥ khinnaḥ san — देवस्त्रियों का समूह खिन्न होकर; tava navamam buddhāvatāram namasyati — आपके नवें बुद्ध-अवतार को नमस्कार करता है
Viśvanātha runs through the verse word by word. 'Spread out' means expanded wide; the 'heaps of sacrifices' are the instrument by which — constantly, without a break — the husbands get dragged off to officiate. So the company of goddess-wives, worn down with grief, bows to your ninth avatāra, which he names as the Buddha avatāra.
हे मुकुन्द! आपके द्वारा निरन्तर फैलाए जाते हुए यज्ञ-समूहों के साधन से जब पति खींचे जाते रहते हैं, तब देवस्त्रियों का समूह खिन्न होकर आपके नवें बुद्ध-अवतार को नमस्कार करता है।
Viśvanātha fixes the key identification the mūla only implies: navama avatāra = the Buddha. That is what makes the wives' homage a joke — they welcome the very avatāra who will end the sacrifices, and so return their husbands to them.
विश्वनाथ वह पहचान दृढ़ करते हैं जिसे मूल केवल संकेत में छोड़ता है — नवाँ अवतार = बुद्ध। इसी से देवांगनाओं की वन्दना विनोदमय बन जाती है — वे ठीक उसी अवतार का स्वागत करती हैं जो यज्ञों का अन्त करेगा और इस प्रकार उनके पतियों को उन्हें लौटा देगा।
s2conclusion
tasya yajña-nāśa eva nirantara-pravṛttimattvād iti bhāvaḥ ||
tasyaof him (the Buddha avatāra)उस (नवें अवतार) का
yajña-nāśaḥ evathe destruction of sacrifice precisely — that alone is his work (eva pins it down)यज्ञों का नाश ही
nirantara-pravṛttimattvātbecause he is unceasingly engaged in it ablative of cause: -tva abstract 'the being-continuously-active' → 'because he does it non-stop'क्योंकि वह निरन्तर उसी (यज्ञ-नाश) में प्रवृत्त रहता है
iti bhāvaḥsuch is the underlying importऐसा तात्पर्य है
tasya — of him; yajña-nāśaḥ eva — precisely the ending of sacrifice; nirantara-pravṛttimattvāt — because he is engaged in it without pause; iti bhāvaḥ — this is the import
tasya yajña-nāśaḥ eva nirantara-pravṛttimattvāt — उसका यज्ञ-नाश ही निरन्तर चलता रहता है, इस कारण; iti bhāvaḥ — ऐसा भाव है
Viśvanātha caps it with the point: the Buddha avatāra's one continuous business is precisely the ending of sacrifice. That is why the wives turn to him — the avatāra who never stops shutting sacrifices down is exactly the one who will free their husbands. Such, he says, is the sense underneath the verse.
उस नवें अवतार का काम तो यज्ञों का नाश ही है, और वह इसी में निरन्तर लगा रहता है — यही अभिप्राय है।