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Commentary
Jīva + ViśvanāthaMukunda-dāsa
BRS 1.3.2
← 1.3.11.3.3 →
tathā hi tantre—
premṇas tu prathamāvasthā bhāva ity abhidhīyate |
sāttvikāḥ svalpa-mātrāḥ syur atrāśru-pulakādayaḥ ||quoted · hi tantre
The verse — decoded
L1definition
premṇas tu prathamāvasthā bhāva ity abhidhīyate |
premṇaḥof prema (of divine love) genitiveप्रेम की
tunow (turning to define it) tu, topic markerपरन्तु (अब जिसकी बात हो रही है, वह)
prathama-avasthāthe first stage, the earliest conditionप्रथम अवस्था
bhāvaḥis bhāvaभाव
itiby this name iti, quotation markerयों (इस नाम से)
abhidhīyateis what it is called passive, is namedकहा जाता है
premṇaḥ — of prema; tu — now; prathama-avasthā — the first stage; bhāvaḥ iti — as "bhāva"; abhidhīyate — is called.
premṇaḥ — प्रेम की; tu — परन्तु; prathama-avasthā — प्रथम अवस्था; bhāvaḥ — भाव; iti — यों; abhidhīyate — कहा जाता है
The first stage of prema is called bhāva. Prema (divine love) has an earliest condition. That opening condition is given the name bhāva.
प्रेम की जो प्रथम अवस्था है, उसे 'भाव' कहा जाता है।
bhāva: in ordinary Sanskrit "state, mood, feeling"; here a technical term — the specific first stage of prema, its sprouting.
भाव — साधारण संस्कृत में इसका अर्थ 'अवस्था, मनोदशा, अनुभूति' होता है; यहाँ यह पारिभाषिक शब्द है — प्रेम की वह विशिष्ट प्रथम अवस्था, अर्थात् उसका अंकुरण।
L2definition
sāttvikāḥ svalpa-mātrāḥ syur atrāśru-pulakādayaḥ ||
sāttvikāḥthe sāttvika signs (the bodily reactions born of an overwhelmed heart)सात्त्विक भाव
svalpa-mātrāḥonly in a slight measure, merely faintकेवल अल्प मात्रा में
syuḥthey occur optative, general statementहोते हैं
atrahere, at this stage (in bhāva)इस (भाव-अवस्था) में
aśru-pulaka-ādayaḥtears, bristling of the hair, and the restअश्रु, पुलक आदि
atra — here (in bhāva); aśru-pulaka-ādayaḥ — tears, bristling hair, and so on; sāttvikāḥ — the sāttvika signs; svalpa-mātrāḥ — only slight; syuḥ — occur.
atra — इस अवस्था में; aśru-pulaka-ādayaḥ — अश्रु-पुलक आदि; sāttvikāḥ — सात्त्विक भाव; svalpa-mātrāḥ — अल्प मात्रा में; syuḥ — होते हैं
At this stage the sāttvika signs appear only faintly. These are the bodily reactions of an overwhelmed heart: tears, the hair standing on end, and so on. In bhāva they show up, but only in a slight measure, not yet in full force.
इस अवस्था में अश्रु, पुलक आदि सात्त्विक भाव केवल थोड़ी-सी मात्रा में प्रकट होते हैं।
sāttvika (sāttvika-bhāva): the involuntary bodily signs of intense emotion — tears, horripilation, trembling, and the like; here noted as present but only faint, marking bhāva as the opening stage.
सात्त्विक (सात्त्विक-भाव) — तीव्र भाव के कारण अनायास प्रकट होने वाले शारीरिक चिह्न — अश्रु, पुलक (रोमांच), कम्प आदि; यहाँ ये विद्यमान तो हैं, परन्तु केवल क्षीण मात्रा में — यही भाव के आरम्भिक स्तर को दर्शाता है।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī + Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
tac-chavi-rūpatvam premāṅkuratvaṁ darśayati tathā hīti ||
tac-chavi-rūpatvamthat bhāva is the first gleam of prema — tat here is prema (from the previous verse), and chavi is its luster or gleam; this abstract '-tvam' is what the verse shows accusative, object of darśayati; tat = premaउस (प्रेम) की छवि-स्वरूपता — भाव का प्रेम की झलक-रूप होना
premāṅkuratvaṁand that bhāva is the sprout of prema — aṅkura is the young shoot; a second thing the same verse shows accusative, second object of darśayati; ca understood(और) प्रेम का अंकुर होना
darśayatithe coming verse shows, makes plainदिखाते हैं
tathā hi itiwith the words 'tathā hi' (thus, as follows) — the lemma he is glossing, which lead into the quoted tantra verse pratīka; iti marks the quoted phrase'तथा हि' इस पद से
darśayati — [the coming verse] shows; tac-chavi-rūpatvam — that bhāva is the first gleam of prema; premāṅkuratvaṁ — and that it is the sprout of prema; tathā hi iti — [this is done] by the words 'tathā hi', which introduce the tantra verse.
tac-chavi-rūpatvam — उस प्रेम की छवि-स्वरूपता; premāṅkuratvaṁ — (और) प्रेम की अंकुर-रूपता; darśayati — दिखाते हैं; tathā hi iti — 'तथा हि' इस पद से
The words 'tathā hi' (thus, as follows) bring in a verse from a tantra. By quoting it, he shows two things about bhāva. First, that bhāva is the first gleam of prema — tat here means prema, and chavi is its luster; this picks up the earlier line that called bhāva 'the first gleam of prema.' Second, that bhāva is the sprout of prema, its young shoot. So the coming verse proves that bhāva is prema in its very first form.
भाव का प्रेम की छवि-स्वरूप होना और प्रेम का अंकुर होना — यही ग्रन्थकार 'तथा हि' कहकर दिखाते हैं।
chavi: ordinarily 'beauty, splendor, sheen'; here narrowed to the first faint gleam of prema, echoing prathama-cchavi in the previous verse's commentary. aṅkura: literally a plant's sprout; used for bhāva as the earliest shoot from which full prema grows.
छवि — सामान्यतः 'सौन्दर्य, कान्ति, आभा'; यहाँ यह प्रेम की प्रथम क्षीण झलक तक सीमित है, जो पूर्व श्लोक की टीका के 'प्रथम-छवि' की प्रतिध्वनि है। अंकुर — शब्दशः पौधे का नवोद्भव; यहाँ भाव के लिए प्रयुक्त — वह प्रथम अंकुर जिससे पूर्ण प्रेम विकसित होता है।
← 1.3.11.3.3 →