yathā skānde—
vaiṣṇavāni tu śāstrāṇī ye śṛṇvanti paṭhanti ca |
dhanyās te mānavā loke tesāṁ kṛṣṇaḥ prasīdati ||
vaiṣṇavāni tu śāstrāṇī ye’rcayanti gṛhe narāḥ |
sarva-pāpa-vinirmuktā bhavanti sura-vanditāḥ ||
tiṣṭhate vaiṣṇavaṁ śāstraṁ likhitaṁ yasya mandire |
tatra nārāyaṇo devaḥ svayaṁ vasati nārada ||quoted · skānde
The verse — decoded
L1citation
vaiṣṇavāni tu śāstrāṇī ye śṛṇvanti paṭhanti ca |
vaiṣṇavānithe Vaiṣṇava — the scriptures about Viṣṇuवैष्णव (शास्त्राणि का विशेषण)
tunow, as for topic-shifting particleअब जो
śāstrāṇithe scriptures (object of hearing and reciting)शास्त्रों को
yethose who correlative, subjectजो लोग
śṛṇvantilisten to (them)सुनते हैं
paṭhantiand recite (them)पढ़ते हैं
caand — both hearing and reciting connectiveऔर
ye — those who; vaiṣṇavāni śāstrāṇi — the Vaiṣṇava scriptures; śṛṇvanti — hear; paṭhanti ca — and recite
vaiṣṇavāni — वैष्णव; tu — अब जो; śāstrāṇi — शास्त्रों को; ye — जो लोग; śṛṇvanti — सुनते हैं; paṭhanti — पढ़ते हैं; ca — और
Now, the Vaiṣṇava scriptures — the texts about Viṣṇu. There are people who listen to them and recite them. This line names those people; the next line says what comes to them.
जो लोग वैष्णव शास्त्रों को सुनते और पढ़ते हैं।
Why cited: Opens the Skānda Purāṇa passage adduced to show the fruit of hearing, reciting, worshipping, and housing Vaiṣṇava scripture.
क्यों उद्धृत: स्कान्द पुराण का वह वचन आरम्भ करता है, जो वैष्णव शास्त्र के श्रवण, पाठ, पूजन और घर में रखने का फल दिखाता है।
L2citation
dhanyās te mānavā loke tesāṁ kṛṣṇaḥ prasīdati ||
dhanyāḥare blessed, fortunateधन्य हैं
tethose (very people) picks up 'ye' from L1वे (ऊपर के 'जो' लोग)
mānavāḥhuman beings, peopleमनुष्य
lokein this world locativeइस लोक में
teṣāmwith them — toward them genitive, object of pleasureउन पर (प्रसन्नता का विषय)
kṛṣṇaḥKṛṣṇaकृष्ण
prasīdatiis pleased, shows favorप्रसन्न होते हैं
te mānavāḥ — those people; loke — in the world; dhanyāḥ — are blessed; teṣām — toward them; kṛṣṇaḥ — Kṛṣṇa; prasīdati — is pleased
dhanyāḥ — धन्य हैं; te — वे; mānavāḥ — मनुष्य; loke — इस लोक में; teṣām — उन पर; kṛṣṇaḥ — कृष्ण; prasīdati — प्रसन्न होते हैं
Those people are the blessed ones in this world. And Kṛṣṇa is pleased with them. So hearing and reciting Vaiṣṇava scripture brings both good fortune here and Kṛṣṇa's favor.
इस लोक में वे मनुष्य धन्य हैं, और उन पर कृष्ण प्रसन्न होते हैं।
Why cited: States the first fruit: hearers and reciters of Vaiṣṇava scripture are blessed and win Kṛṣṇa's pleasure.
क्यों उद्धृत: पहला फल बताता है — वैष्णव शास्त्र के श्रोता और पाठक धन्य हैं और कृष्ण की प्रसन्नता पाते हैं।
L3citation
vaiṣṇavāni tu śāstrāṇī ye’rcayanti gṛhe narāḥ |
vaiṣṇavānithe Vaiṣṇava — the scriptures about Viṣṇuवैष्णव (शास्त्राणि का विशेषण)
tuand further, again continuative particleतथा
śāstrāṇithe scriptures (object of worship)शास्त्रों की
yethose men who correlative, subjectजो लोग
arcayantiworship (them), do worship to (them)अर्चना करते हैं
gṛhein the home, at home locative of placeघर में
narāḥthe men, the peopleमनुष्य
ye narāḥ — those men who; gṛhe — at home; vaiṣṇavāni śāstrāṇi — the Vaiṣṇava scriptures; arcayanti — worship
vaiṣṇavāni — वैष्णव; tu — तथा; śāstrāṇi — शास्त्रों की; ye — जो लोग; arcayanti — अर्चना करते हैं; gṛhe — घर में; narāḥ — मनुष्य
And again, the Vaiṣṇava scriptures. There are people who actually worship them at home — offer worship to the book itself. This line names them; the next says what they gain.
और जो मनुष्य घर में वैष्णव शास्त्रों की अर्चना करते हैं।
Why cited: Opens the second case: those who worship Vaiṣṇava scripture at home.
क्यों उद्धृत: दूसरा प्रसंग आरम्भ करता है — जो लोग घर में वैष्णव शास्त्र का पूजन करते हैं।
L4citation
sarva-pāpa-vinirmuktā bhavanti sura-vanditāḥ ||
sarva-pāpa-vinirmuktāḥcompletely freed from all sins compound; 'vinir-' = utterly freeसमस्त पापों से पूर्णतः मुक्त
bhavantithey becomeहो जाते हैं
sura-vanditāḥhonored, bowed to, by the gods compound; suraiḥ vanditāḥदेवताओं के द्वारा वन्दित
(te narāḥ) — those men; sarva-pāpa-vinirmuktāḥ — freed from all sins; bhavanti — become; sura-vanditāḥ — honored by the gods
sarva-pāpa-vinirmuktāḥ — समस्त पापों से पूर्णतः मुक्त; bhavanti — हो जाते हैं; sura-vanditāḥ — देवताओं के द्वारा वन्दित
They become completely free of all sins. And the gods themselves bow to them. So worshipping Vaiṣṇava scripture at home wipes out sin and even wins the reverence of the gods.
वे समस्त पापों से पूर्णतः मुक्त हो जाते हैं और देवताओं के द्वारा वन्दित होते हैं।
Why cited: States the second fruit: home-worshippers of Vaiṣṇava scripture are freed from all sin and honored by the gods.
क्यों उद्धृत: दूसरा फल बताता है — वैष्णव शास्त्र के गृह-पूजक सब पापों से मुक्त होते हैं और देवताओं से वन्दित होते हैं।
L5citation
tiṣṭhate vaiṣṇavaṁ śāstraṁ likhitaṁ yasya mandire |
tiṣṭhatestands, remains present middle voice — Viśvanātha will read it as 'shows itself'स्थित रहता है
vaiṣṇavama Vaiṣṇava, about-Viṣṇuवैष्णव
śāstramscripture, holy bookशास्त्र
likhitamwritten down, a written copy past participle qualifying śāstramलिखा हुआ
yasyain whose — of whichever person genitive/correlative, resolved in L6जिसके
mandirehome, house (also: temple) locative of placeघर में
yasya mandire — in whose home; likhitam vaiṣṇavaṁ śāstram — a written Vaiṣṇava scripture; tiṣṭhate — stands present
tiṣṭhate — स्थित रहता है; vaiṣṇavam — वैष्णव; śāstram — शास्त्र; likhitam — लिखा हुआ; yasya — जिसके; mandire — घर में
In whose home a written Vaiṣṇava scripture stands — a physical, written copy kept in the house. This sets up the 'whoever' clause; the next line completes it with what dwells there.
जिसके घर में लिखा हुआ वैष्णव शास्त्र स्थित रहता है।
Why cited: Opens the third case: the home where a written Vaiṣṇava scripture is kept.
क्यों उद्धृत: तीसरा प्रसंग आरम्भ करता है — वह घर, जहाँ लिखित वैष्णव शास्त्र रखा हो।
L6citation
tatra nārāyaṇo devaḥ svayaṁ vasati nārada ||
tatrathere — in that very home picks up 'yasya mandire' from L5वहाँ (उसी घर में)
nārāyaṇaḥNārāyaṇaनारायण
devaḥthe Lord, the Godदेव
svayamhimself, in person emphatic — Viśvanātha ties this to 'by itself'स्वयं
vasatidwells, livesनिवास करते हैं
nāradaO Nārada vocative — the addresseeहे नारद
he nārada — O Nārada; tatra — there; nārāyaṇaḥ devaḥ — the Lord Nārāyaṇa; svayam — himself; vasati — dwells
tatra — वहाँ; nārāyaṇaḥ — नारायण; devaḥ — देव; svayam — स्वयं; vasati — निवास करते हैं; nārada — हे नारद
There, O Nārada, the Lord Nārāyaṇa dwells in person. Not a symbol of him, but he himself. So keeping a written Vaiṣṇava book at home makes the home a place where Nārāyaṇa himself lives.
हे नारद, वहाँ नारायण देव स्वयं निवास करते हैं।
Why cited: States the third fruit: Nārāyaṇa himself dwells in the home that keeps a written Vaiṣṇava scripture — the point Viśvanātha then unpacks grammatically.
क्यों उद्धृत: तीसरा फल बताता है — जिस घर में लिखित वैष्णव शास्त्र रखा हो वहाँ नारायण स्वयं निवास करते हैं — यही वह बात है जिसे विश्वनाथ आगे व्याकरण से खोलते हैं।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī + Mukunda-dāsa Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam |
nanotनहीं
vyākhyātamcommented on, explained past participle, impersonalव्याख्या की गई
na vyākhyātam — (this) has not been commented on
na — नहीं; vyākhyātam — व्याख्या की गई
Jīva and Mukunda give no comment here. They leave the passage unexplained. The note simply records that they passed over it.
इसकी व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
tiṣṭhate iti prakāśanārthe tv ātmanepadam |
tiṣṭhate itias for the word 'tiṣṭhate' (in L5) 'iti' flags the word being discussed'तिष्ठते' यह शब्द
prakāśana-arthein the sense of 'showing itself, becoming manifest' locative — the meaning in which the form is usedप्रकाशन (प्रकट होने) के अर्थ में
tuhere in fact, note that marks the grammatical remarkयहाँ (व्याकरण-टिप्पणी)
ātmanepadamit is the middle-voice ending the '-te' ending, not the usual '-ti'आत्मनेपद है ('-ते' प्रत्यय)
tiṣṭhate iti — the form 'tiṣṭhate'; prakāśana-arthe tu — precisely in the sense of manifesting; ātmanepadam — takes the middle-voice ending
tiṣṭhate iti — 'तिष्ठते' यह शब्द; prakāśana-arthe — प्रकाशन के अर्थ में; tu — यहाँ; ātmanepadam — आत्मनेपद है
Viśvanātha notes a grammar point. The root 'sthā' (to stand) usually takes the active ending — 'tiṣṭhati'. But here the verse says 'tiṣṭhate', with the middle-voice ending. That special ending is used because the word here does not mean plain 'stands'; it means 'shows itself, becomes manifest'. So the book does not merely sit there — it shines forth.
'तिष्ठते' में आत्मनेपद प्रकाशन अर्थात् प्रकट होने के अर्थ में प्रयुक्त है।
ātmanepada: home meaning — a Sanskrit verb-ending class (the '-te' set), grammatically opposed to parasmaipada (the '-ti' set), often marking action for oneself. Here: Viśvanātha uses the unexpected middle ending on √sthā as the textual clue that the poet intends the sense 'become manifest' rather than merely 'stand'.
आत्मनेपद — '-ते' वाला क्रिया-प्रत्यय-वर्ग, जो परस्मैपद ('-ति' वर्ग) के विपरीत है और प्रायः अपने लिए किए गए कर्म को सूचित करता है। यहाँ विश्वनाथ √स्था पर इस अप्रत्याशित आत्मनेपद प्रत्यय को उस पाठगत संकेत के रूप में लेते हैं कि कवि का अभिप्राय केवल 'स्थित रहना' नहीं, बल्कि 'प्रकट हो जाना' है।
s2conclusion
tathā ca yasya mandire svayam eva prakāśitaṁ bhavatīty arthaḥ ||
tathā caand so, putting it together draws the consequenceऔर इस प्रकार
yasya mandirein whose home restates the verse's clauseजिसके घर में
svayam evaall by itself, on its own 'eva' = precisely of its own accordस्वयं ही
prakāśitammade manifest, shown forth the sense drawn from the middle voiceप्रकट
bhavatibecomes, comes to beहो जाता है
iti arthaḥthat is the meaning closing gloss-formulaऐसा अर्थ है
tathā ca — and so; yasya mandire — in whose home; svayam eva prakāśitam bhavati — (the Lord) becomes manifested of his own accord; iti arthaḥ — this is the meaning
tathā ca — और इस प्रकार; yasya mandire — जिसके घर में; svayam eva — स्वयं ही; prakāśitam — प्रकट; bhavati — हो जाता है; iti arthaḥ — ऐसा अर्थ है
So the full meaning is this: in whose home the written Vaiṣṇava scripture stands, there the Lord becomes manifest of his own accord. The middle-voice 'tiṣṭhate' feeds straight into the verse's own word 'svayam' (himself): Nārāyaṇa does not have to be summoned — where his book is kept, he shows himself there on his own.
और इस प्रकार अर्थ यह है कि जिसके घर में वह शास्त्र स्वयं ही प्रकट हो जाता है।