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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 12.6
← 12.512.7 →
gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya harer bhujau |
pulakodgama-śasyāya svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau ||quoted · viṣṇu-purāṇe
The verse — decoded
L1example
gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya harer bhujau |
gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣamthe embrace with the gopīs' cheeks — what the arms close in on accusative, object of abhipatya; saṁśleṣa = close contact, cheek-to-cheek touchगोपी के कपोल (गाल) के संश्लेष (गाल-से-गाल के स्पर्श) को
abhipatyahaving reached, having won gerund; both commentators gloss it prāpyaपाकर (प्राप्त करके)
harerof Hari (Kṛṣṇa) — whose arms these are genitiveहरि (कृष्ण) की
bhujauhis two arms — the subject the verse fixes on nominative dualदोनों भुजाएँ
harer bhujau — Hari's two arms; gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya — having reached the embrace with the gopīs' cheeks;
harer bhujau — कृष्ण की दोनों भुजाएँ; gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya — गोपी के गाल के स्पर्श को पाकर।
Kṛṣṇa embraces the gopīs, cheek against cheek. The verse fixes on his two arms. They have won the touch of the gopīs' cheeks —
कृष्ण की दोनों भुजाएँ गोपी के गाल का संश्लेष (स्पर्श) पा लेती हैं।
An udāharaṇa of sveda ('sweat'), the sāttvika-bhāva that arises from harṣa (joy): the lead-in reads atha svedaḥ, sa harṣād, yathā viṣṇu-purāṇe — 'now sweat; it comes from joy; as in the Viṣṇu-purāṇa (5.13.55)', from Parāśara's telling of the rāsa dance.
यह स्वेद (पसीना) नामक सात्त्विक भाव का उदाहरण है, जो हर्ष (आनन्द) से उत्पन्न होता है। लेखक पहले कहते हैं — अथ स्वेदः, वह हर्ष से होता है, जैसे विष्णुपुराण (5.13.55) में — यह पराशर द्वारा कहे गए रासलीला-वर्णन का अंश है।
L2example
pulakodgama-śasyāya svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau ||
pulakodgama-śasyāyain order to raise the crop that is the standing-up of bristling hair dative of purpose; pulaka-udgama = horripilation (itself a sāttvika-bhāva), imaged as a crop, śasyaरोमांच (पुलक) के उद्गम रूपी फसल (शस्य) के लिए
svedāmbu-ghanatāṁinto a rain-cloud thick with sweat-water accusative goal of gatau; ghana = 'cloud', punning on ghana = 'dense' (see Jīva)स्वेद-जल की घनता (बादल जैसी मेघता) को
gatauthe two arms turned into, went to nominative dual, past participle agreeing with bhujauप्राप्त हो गईं (दोनों भुजाएँ)
pulakodgama-śasyāya — to raise the crop of horripilation; svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau — the two arms became a cloud thick with sweat-water.
bhujau (पूर्व पंक्ति से) pulakodgama-śasyāya — रोमांच रूपी फसल के लिए; svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau — स्वेद-जल की मेघता को प्राप्त हो गईं।
— and now those arms turn into rain-clouds. The sweat pouring off them is the rain; the crop it grows is the horripilation, the hairs standing up all over. So Kṛṣṇa's arms became sweat-heavy clouds in order to raise that crop of bristling hair — one sāttvika sign (sweat) nursing another (pulaka).
रोमांच रूपी फसल उपजाने के लिए दोनों भुजाएँ मानो स्वेद-जल की मेघता (बादलपन) को प्राप्त हो गईं।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1gloss
abhipatya prāpya |
abhipatyathe verse's word he is glossing gerund'अभिपत्य' का अर्थ है
prāpyameans 'having reached, having attained'प्राप्त करके (पाकर)
abhipatya — prāpya; 'having reached'.
abhipatya — prāpya अर्थात् प्राप्त करके।
Jīva glosses the verse's abhipatya in one word: it means 'having reached' — the arms having attained the embrace.
'अभिपत्य' का अर्थ है 'प्राप्त करके'।
s2gloss
pulakodgamaśasyaṁ sampādayituṁ svedāmbūnāṁ ghanatāṁ meghatāṁ prāptau |
pulakodgama-śasyaṁthe crop that is the rising of horripilation accusative, object of sampādayitumरोमांच के उद्गम रूपी फसल को
sampādayituṁin order to produce — spelling out the verse's dative śasyāya infinitive of purposeउत्पन्न करने के लिए
svedāmbūnāṁof the sweat-waters genitiveस्वेद-जल की
ghanatāṁthe state of being ghana — which he reads asघनता को
meghatāṁthe state of being a cloudअर्थात् मेघता (बादलपन) को
prāptauthe two arms reached — his gloss for the verse's gatau nominative dual(दोनों भुजाएँ) प्राप्त हुईं
pulakodgama-śasyaṁ sampādayituṁ — in order to produce the crop of horripilation; svedāmbūnāṁ ghanatāṁ meghatāṁ prāptau — the two arms reached the cloud-state of the sweat-waters.
pulakodgama-śasyaṁ sampādayituṁ — रोमांच रूपी फसल उपजाने के लिए; svedāmbūnāṁ ghanatāṁ meghatāṁ prāptau — स्वेद-जल की घनता अर्थात् मेघता को प्राप्त हुईं।
Now Jīva reads the second line. To produce the crop of horripilation, the two arms 'reached the ghanatā of the sweat-waters.' He unpacks the dative śasyāya as 'in order to produce', and reads ghanatā as meghatā — cloud-state. On this reading the arms became clouds made of sweat-water.
रोमांच रूपी फसल को उपजाने के लिए दोनों भुजाएँ स्वेद-जल की घनता अर्थात् मेघता (बादलपन) को प्राप्त हुईं।
s3alternative
ghana-śabdasya niviḍa-vācyitvaṁ tu prakṛtam ||
ghana-śabdasyaof the word ghana genitive'घन' शब्द का
niviḍa-vācyitvaṁits power to denote 'dense, thick''निविड़' (सघन) अर्थ का वाच्यत्व
tubut — pulling back the emphasis just given to 'cloud'परन्तु
prakṛtamis the sense really in play hereयहाँ प्रकृत (प्रसंग-सम्मत) है
ghana-śabdasya niviḍa-vācyitvaṁ tu — but the word ghana's power to mean 'dense'; prakṛtam — is what is contextually primary.
ghana-śabdasya niviḍa-vācyitvaṁ tu prakṛtam — 'घन' शब्द का निविड़ अर्थ में वाच्यत्व तो यहाँ प्रकृत है।
But here Jīva catches the pun. He has just used ghana in its 'cloud' sense; now he flags that the word ghana also means 'dense, thick' (niviḍa), and that this 'dense' sense is the one really operative. So on the plain reading the arms did not literally turn into clouds — they grew thick and solid, packed with sweat. The verse holds both at once: arms swelling dense with sweat-water, and arms as rain-clouds growing the crop of bristling hair. Jīva does not choose between them; he only marks 'dense' as the primary sense.
परन्तु 'घन' शब्द का 'निविड़' (सघन) अर्थ में वाच्यत्व ही यहाँ प्रसंग-सम्मत है।
A śleṣa on ghana, which means both 'a rain-cloud' (megha) and 'dense, solid' (niviḍa). Jīva glosses the 'cloud' sense first to carry the rain-and-crop image, then flags 'dense' as prakṛta — the contextually intended reading — so both stay live.
'घन' पर श्लेष है, जिसका अर्थ 'मेघ' (बादल) भी है और 'निविड़' (सघन, ठोस) भी। जीव पहले 'मेघ' अर्थ का ग्रहण करते हैं जिससे वर्षा और फसल का चित्र बना रहे, फिर 'निविड़' अर्थ को प्रकृत — प्रसंग में अभिप्रेत — बतलाते हैं, जिससे दोनों अर्थ जीवित रहें।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
parāśaro maitreym āha—abhipatya prāpya pulakodgama-rūpaṁ śasyaṁ sampādayituṁ svedāmbubhir ghanatvaṁ meghatvaṁ, pakṣe niviḍatāṁ gatau yayatuḥ ||
parāśaro maitreym āhaParāśara says to Maitreya — naming who speaks the verse maitreyam, accusative; fixes the Viṣṇu-purāṇa frame, the rāsa narrationपराशर ने मैत्रेय से कहा (यह विष्णुपुराण का रासलीला-वर्णन है)
abhipatya prāpya'having reached' — the same gloss Jīva gave'अभिपत्य' अर्थात् प्राप्त करके
pulakodgama-rūpaṁ śasyaṁthe crop whose form is the rising of horripilation accusative, object of sampādayitumरोमांच के उद्गम रूपी फसल को
sampādayituṁin order to produce — unpacking the verse's śasyāya infinitive of purposeउत्पन्न करने के लिए
svedāmbubhirby means of the sweat-waters instrumental of meansस्वेद-जल के द्वारा
ghanatvaṁ meghatvaṁthe state of being ghana, i.e. being a cloudघनत्व अर्थात् मेघत्व (बादलपन) को
pakṣe niviḍatāṁor, on the other reading, the state of being dense pakṣe = 'alternatively'; the same ghana-śleṣa Jīva marked as niviḍaदूसरे पक्ष में निविड़ता (सघनता) को
gatau yayatuḥthe two arms went [there] — he glosses the verse's gatau with a finite verb gatau nominative dual; yayatuḥ third-person dual, 'the two went''गतौ' अर्थात् (दोनों भुजाएँ) प्राप्त हो गईं
parāśaro maitreyam āha — Parāśara tells Maitreya; abhipatya prāpya — 'having reached'; pulakodgama-rūpaṁ śasyaṁ sampādayituṁ — to produce the crop in the form of horripilation; svedāmbubhir ghanatvaṁ meghatvaṁ — by the sweat-waters, cloud-ness; pakṣe niviḍatāṁ — or else denseness; gatau yayatuḥ — the two arms went [there].
parāśaro maitreym āha — पराशर मैत्रेय से कहते हैं; pulakodgama-rūpaṁ śasyaṁ sampādayituṁ — रोमांच रूपी फसल उपजाने के लिए; svedāmbubhir ghanatvaṁ meghatvaṁ, pakṣe niviḍatāṁ gatau yayatuḥ — स्वेद-जल के द्वारा मेघत्व को, दूसरे पक्ष में निविड़ता को (दोनों भुजाएँ) प्राप्त हो गईं।
Viśvanātha first names the frame: this is Parāśara speaking to Maitreya, inside the rāsa-dance narration of the Viṣṇu-purāṇa. Then he glosses. Having reached the embrace, in order to grow the crop of bristling hair, Kṛṣṇa's two arms — by means of the sweat-waters — went to cloud-ness; or, on the other reading, to denseness. He builds both halves of the ghana pun into a single line — arms as sweat-clouds, and arms grown thick and solid — the very śleṣa Jīva drew out, and he does not pick one over the other.
पराशर मैत्रेय से कहते हैं — रोमांच रूपी फसल उपजाने के लिए दोनों भुजाएँ स्वेद-जल के द्वारा मेघत्व (बादलपन) को, और दूसरे पक्ष में निविड़ता (सघनता) को प्राप्त हो गईं।
pakṣe ('on the [other] side/reading') is Viśvanātha's own marker of the ghana-śleṣa: ghanatva = 'cloud-ness' (megha) on one reading, niviḍatā = 'denseness' on the other. He leaves both standing.
'पक्षे' (दूसरे पक्ष/पाठ में) विश्वनाथ का 'घन'-श्लेष का अपना संकेत है — एक अर्थ में घनत्व 'मेघता' (बादलपन), दूसरे अर्थ में निविड़ता 'सघनता'। वे दोनों अर्थ खड़े रहने देते हैं।
← 12.512.7 →