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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 5.103
kiṁ ca—
yathā syur nāyakāvasthā nikhilā eva mādhave |
tathaitā nāyikāvasthā rādhāyāṁ prāyaśo matāḥ ||
The verse — decoded
L1other
yathā syur nāyakāvasthā nikhilā eva mādhave |
yathājust as — opening the comparison correlative with tathā in L2जिस प्रकार
syuḥcan be found, are present optative of √asहों (सम्भव हों)
nāyaka-avasthāḥthe states of the hero — the whole range of moods and roles a nāyaka can take nom. pl., subjectनायक की अवस्थाएँ
nikhilāḥ evaevery single one, with none left out eva — 'the complete set'सम्पूर्ण की सम्पूर्ण ही (एक भी छूटे बिना)
mādhavein Mādhava, i.e. Kṛṣṇa — they all reside in him loc. — where they are foundमाधव में (कृष्ण में)
yathā — just as; nāyaka-avasthāḥ nikhilāḥ eva — all the hero's states, every one; mādhave syuḥ — are present in Mādhava.
जिस प्रकार नायक की सम्पूर्ण अवस्थाएँ, एक भी छूटे बिना, माधव में सम्भव होती हैं
Just as every one of the hero's states — the full range a nāyaka can take — is found in Kṛṣṇa,
जिस प्रकार नायक की सारी अवस्थाएँ पूरी की पूरी कृष्ण में पाई जाती हैं।
This is the closing summary verse of the whole Nāyikā-bheda section; the colophon 'nāyikā-bheda-prakaraṇam' follows just after. It sets a deliberate contrast: the hero-side is complete in Kṛṣṇa, the heroine-side only 'mostly' in Rādhā (L2).
L2conclusion
tathaitā nāyikāvasthā rādhāyāṁ prāyaśo matāḥ ||
tathājust so, in the same way — completing the comparison correlative with yathā in L1उसी प्रकार
etāḥthese [states] nom. pl.ये
nāyikā-avasthāḥthe states of the heroine — the varieties of nāyikā laid out in this section nom. pl., subjectनायिका की अवस्थाएँ
rādhāyāṁin Rādhā loc. — where they are held to beराधा में
prāyaśaḥfor the most part — most of them, but not quite all the pivotal word the commentary takes upप्रायः (अधिकांशतः)
matāḥare held to be present, are reckoned [to belong] past pass. part. — the settled viewमानी गई हैं
tathā — just so; etāḥ nāyikā-avasthāḥ — these states of the heroine; rādhāyāṁ prāyaśaḥ matāḥ — are held to be present in Rādhā for the most part.
उसी प्रकार ये नायिका की अवस्थाएँ राधा में प्रायः मानी गई हैं
so these states of the heroine are held to be present in Rādhā — for the most part.
उसी प्रकार नायिका की ये अवस्थाएँ राधा में प्रायः मानी गई हैं।
The whole force sits on prāyaśaḥ, 'mostly'. The hero-states are all in Kṛṣṇa without exception (nikhilāḥ eva); the heroine-states are in Rādhā only mostly — a qualification the commentators stop to explain.
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam |
na vyākhyātam[Jīva] gave no comment here impers. pass. — 'it was not explained'व्याख्या नहीं की गई
na vyākhyātam — [this verse] was not commented upon.
इस पर कोई व्याख्या नहीं की गई
Jīva Gosvāmī left this verse without comment.
यहाँ कोई व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
An editorial line simply recording that Jīva Gosvāmī's commentary passes over this verse.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
prāyaśa iti |
prāyaśaḥ ititaking up the word 'prāyaśaḥ' (mostly) — the term he means to explain pratīka — the catchword flagging what he glosses"प्रायः" — यह पद (जिसकी व्याख्या की जा रही है)
prāyaśaḥ iti — [on] the word 'prāyaśaḥ'.
"प्रायः" — इस पद को लेकर
He picks up the word 'prāyaśaḥ' — 'for the most part' — to explain what it is doing here.
"प्रायः" इस शब्द के विषय में।
s2gloss
yathā anukūla-śaṭhatvādyā avasthāḥ sarvā eva sarvathaiva mādhave sambhavanti tathā dhīra-pragalbhādayo rādhāyāṁ sarvadā sarvathā na kiṁ tu kiñcid eva kenāpy aṁśenaivety arthaḥ ||
yathājust as — matching the verse's own comparison correlative with tathā belowजिस प्रकार
anukūla-śaṭhatva-ādyāḥ avasthāḥthe hero-states such as being favorable (anukūla), being a rogue (śaṭha), and the rest nom. pl. — the nāyaka typesअनुकूल, शठ आदि (नायक की) अवस्थाएँ
sarvāḥ evaall of them, every one eva — none exceptedसब की सब ही (एक भी छूटे बिना)
sarvathā evaand in every respect, fully eva — completelyसर्वथा ही (पूर्ण रूप से ही)
mādhave sambhavantiare present in Mādhava, occur in Kṛṣṇa loc. — where; pres.माधव में सम्भव होती हैं
tathājust so, correspondingly correlative with yathāउसी प्रकार
dhīra-pragalbha-ādayaḥthe heroine-states such as dhīrā, pragalbhā, and the rest nom. pl. — the nāyikā typesधीरा, प्रगल्भा आदि (नायिका की अवस्थाएँ)
rādhāyāṁin Rādhā loc.राधा में
sarvadā sarvathā naare NOT [present] always and in every respect the denial that limits prāyaśaḥसदा और सर्वथा नहीं (होतीं)
kiṁ tubut rather tu — the correctionअपितु (किन्तु)
kiñcid evaonly some of them eva — 'only'कुछ ही (कतिपय ही)
kena api aṁśena evaand only in some one aspect, to some partial degree instr. — 'by some portion'; eva — 'only'किसी न किसी अंश से ही
iti arthaḥthat is the sense [of 'prāyaśaḥ']ऐसा अर्थ है
yathā — just as; anukūla-śaṭhatva-ādyāḥ avasthāḥ — the hero-states such as anukūla, śaṭha, etc.; sarvāḥ eva sarvathā eva — all of them, in every way; mādhave sambhavanti — occur in Mādhava; tathā — just so; dhīra-pragalbha-ādayaḥ — the heroine-states such as dhīrā, pragalbhā, etc.; rādhāyāṁ sarvadā sarvathā na — [occur] in Rādhā not always and not in every way; kiṁ tu — but rather; kiñcid eva kena api aṁśena eva — only some, and only in some one aspect; iti arthaḥ — that is the meaning.
जिस प्रकार अनुकूल, शठ आदि (नायक की) समस्त अवस्थाएँ सर्वथा माधव में सम्भव होती हैं, उसी प्रकार धीरा, प्रगल्भा आदि (नायिका की अवस्थाएँ) राधा में सदा और सर्वथा नहीं होतीं, अपितु कुछ ही, किसी न किसी अंश से ही — ऐसा अर्थ है
Here is the point of 'mostly'. On the hero's side, states like being favorable (anukūla) or being a rogue (śaṭha) are all present in Kṛṣṇa, and fully so. On the heroine's side it is not the same: states like dhīrā and pragalbhā are not all in Rādhā, and not in every respect. Only some of them belong to her, and even those only in some partial aspect. That is what 'prāyaśaḥ' means.
जैसे अनुकूल, शठ आदि नायक की सारी अवस्थाएँ पूरी तरह कृष्ण में सम्भव हैं, वैसे धीरा, प्रगल्भा आदि नायिका की अवस्थाएँ राधा में सदा और पूरी तरह नहीं होतीं। अपितु कुछ ही अवस्थाएँ, वह भी किसी न किसी अंश तक ही होती हैं। यही "प्रायः" का अर्थ है।
The two lists name the standard classifications: the nāyaka-types (anukūla, dakṣiṇa, śaṭha, dhṛṣṭa) and the nāyikā-types (dhīrā, adhīrā, dhīrādhīrā, and the mugdhā/madhyā/pragalbhā grades). Viśvanātha's reading of 'mostly': every hero-mood is complete in Kṛṣṇa, but the full heroine-typology does not fit Rādhā — some varieties, and only in part, apply to her.
"प्रायः" का बल यहीं खुलता है — यह पद राधा में नायिका-अवस्थाओं की पूर्णता को सीमित करता है : सब नहीं, सर्वथा नहीं, केवल कुछ और वह भी अंशमात्र।