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Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 5.75
timira-masibhiḥ saṁvītāṅgyaḥ kadamba-vanāntare
sakhi baka-ripuṁ puṇyātmānaḥ saranty abhisārikāḥ |
tava tu parito vidyud-varṇās tanu-dyuti-sūcayo
hari hari ghana-dhvāntāny etāḥ sva-vairiṇi bhindate ||quoted · vidagdha-mādhave
The verse — decoded
L1other
timira-masibhiḥ saṁvītāṅgyaḥ kadamba-vanāntare
timira-masibhiḥwrapped in the ink-black of the darkness timira (darkness) as masi (ink, lampblack); instrumental of means — 'with…'अंधकार रूपी काजल के द्वारा
saṁvītāṅgyaḥtheir limbs fully covered over bahuvrīhi describing the abhisārikās: saṁvīta (wrapped, veiled) + aṅga (limbs); nom. pl. fem.जिनके अंग (उससे) ढके हुए हैं (ऐसी वे स्त्रियाँ)
kadamba-vanāntaredeep inside the kadamba grove locative; antara = the interior ofकदम्ब-वन के भीतर
timira-masibhiḥ saṁvītāṅgyaḥ — their limbs wrapped in the ink of the darkness; kadamba-vanāntare — into the heart of the kadamba grove [they go].
अंधकार रूपी काजल से जिनके अंग ढके हुए हैं (ऐसी वे) कदम्ब-वन के भीतर
The night is like black ink, and the women going to meet their lover wrap their limbs in it. So covered, they slip deep into the kadamba grove.
अंधकार रूपी काजल से अपने अंगों को ढाँके हुए वे (स्त्रियाँ) कदम्ब-वन के भीतर।
L2other
sakhi baka-ripuṁ puṇyātmānaḥ saranty abhisārikāḥ |
sakhiO friend vocative — Lalitā addressing Rādhāहे सखी
baka-ripuṁtoward Kṛṣṇa, the foe of Baka accusative, the goal they move to; baka-ripu = enemy of the demon Baka = Kṛṣṇaबक (असुर) के शत्रु कृष्ण के पास (जिस ओर वे जाती हैं)
puṇyātmānaḥthese pure-souled women bahuvrīhi: puṇya (meritorious) + ātman (soul); nom. pl. fem.पुण्यात्मा (वे), जिनकी आत्मा पुण्यशालिनी है
sarantigo stealing offजाती हैं
abhisārikāḥthe abhisārikās — women who set out to meet their beloved at a trystअभिसारिकाएँ
sakhi — O friend; puṇyātmānaḥ abhisārikāḥ — the pure-souled tryst-women; baka-ripuṁ saranti — go off to Kṛṣṇa, the foe of Baka.
हे सखी! पुण्यात्मा अभिसारिकाएँ बक के शत्रु (कृष्ण) के पास जाती हैं।
O friend, look — these pure-souled abhisārikās steal off to Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of Baka.
हे सखी! वे पुण्यात्मा अभिसारिकाएँ बकासुर के शत्रु कृष्ण के पास (अभिसार करती हुई) जाती हैं।
abhisārikā is the technical name for the nāyikā who herself goes out to the tryst; the whole verse illustrates the tāmasī — the one who ventures out under cover of the dark night.
L3other
tava tu parito vidyud-varṇās tanu-dyuti-sūcayo
tava tubut in your case genitive tava (of you) set against the others; tu = butपरन्तु तेरी (उन अभिसारिकाओं के विपरीत)
paritaḥon every side of youचारों ओर
vidyud-varṇāḥflashing the colour of lightning bahuvrīhi describing the rays; vidyut (lightning) + varṇa (hue)बिजली के समान रंगवाली (वे किरणें)
tanu-dyuti-sūcayaḥthe needle-sharp rays that are your body's own radiance rūpaka: tanu-dyuti (bodily lustre) figured as sūci (needles); nom. pl. fem., the subject of L4शरीर की कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ
tava tu — but yours; paritaḥ — all around you; vidyud-varṇāḥ tanu-dyuti-sūcayaḥ — the lightning-hued needle-rays of your body's radiance.
परन्तु तेरे चारों ओर बिजली के रंगवाली, तेरे शरीर की कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ (हैं)
But you? All around you shoot the needle-bright rays of your own body — dazzling as lightning.
परन्तु तेरे चारों ओर तो बिजली के समान रंगवाली, तेरे शरीर की कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ (फैली हैं)।
L4other
hari hari ghana-dhvāntāny etāḥ sva-vairiṇi bhindate ||
hari harialas, alas! an exclamation of dismay / lamentहरि हरि (खेद का उद्गार)
ghana-dhvāntānithe thick, dense darkness accusative pl., what gets pierced; ghana (thick) + dhvānta (gloom)घने अंधकार को
etāḥthese very rays nom. pl. fem., the subject — the needle-rays of L3ये (कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ)
sva-vairiṇiO you who are your own enemy! vocative; sva (own) + vairin (foe)हे अपनी (ही) शत्रु
bhindatethey split wide open √bhid, ātmanepada pl.भेद देती हैं
hari hari — alas, alas; sva-vairiṇi — O you who are your own enemy; etāḥ — these rays; ghana-dhvāntāni bhindate — split apart the thick darkness.
हरि हरि! हे अपनी शत्रु! ये (सूइयाँ) घने अंधकार को भेद देती हैं।
Alas, alas! O you who are your own worst enemy — these rays go and tear the thick darkness wide open. The night that hides the others cannot hide you: your own glow gives you away. Under the show of scolding, Lalitā is really marvelling at how radiant Rādhā is.
हरि हरि! हे अपनी ही शत्रु! ये (कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ) घने अंधकार को चीर देती हैं।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam |
nanotनहीं
vyākhyātamcommented onव्याख्या की गई
na vyākhyātam — [Jīva] gives no comment [on this verse].
व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
Jīva offers no comment on this verse.
(जीव गोस्वामी ने) इसकी कोई व्याख्या नहीं की।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
lalitā śrī-rādhām āha—timireti |
lalitāLalitā [is the speaker]ललिता
śrī-rādhāmto Śrī Rādhā accusative — the one addressedश्रीराधा से (जिनसे कहा जा रहा है)
āhashe saysकहती हैं
timiretithe verse beginning 'timira…' quoting the opening word to take up the verse'तिमिर…' इस (शब्द) से (श्लोक उठाते हुए)
lalitā — Lalitā; śrī-rādhām — to Śrī Rādhā; āha — speaks; timireti — the verse opening 'timira…'.
ललिता श्रीराधा से कहती हैं — 'तिमिर…' इत्यादि।
Viśvanātha sets it up: this is Lalitā speaking to Śrī Rādhā — the verse that opens with 'timira.'
ललिता श्रीराधा से कहती हैं — 'तिमिर…' (इस श्लोक से)।
s2gloss
tanu-dyutaya eva sūcayo vastra-sūkṣma-randhrān nirgacchantyo ghana-dhvantāni parama-mitrāyitāny api bhindate vidārayanty ato hetoḥ sva-vairiṇi tava vairtvam eveti vyāja-stutyā sarvato'pi saundaryātiśaya uktaḥ ||
tanu-dyutaya eva sūcayaḥthe rays of her body are themselves the 'needles' eva unpacks the metaphor tanu-dyuti-sūcayaḥ — the lustre-rays ARE needlesशरीर की कान्ति ही सूइयाँ हैं
vastra-sūkṣma-randhrān nirgacchantyaḥcoming out through the fine holes in her cloth randhrān (accusative pl.) = the pores/gaps passed through; nirgacchantyaḥ = emergingवस्त्र के सूक्ष्म छिद्रों से निकलती हुई
ghana-dhvāntānithe dense darkness accusative pl., the object piercedघने अंधकार को
parama-mitrāyitāny apieven though that darkness had been acting as her greatest friend mitrāyita = behaving like a friend; api = 'even though'यद्यपि वह (अंधकार) परम मित्र के समान व्यवहार करता है, तो भी
bhindate vidārayantithey pierce it — that is, they tear it open vidārayanti glosses the verse's bhindate'भेद देती हैं' अर्थात् चीर डालती हैं
ato hetoḥand it is for just this reason [that she is called sva-vairiṇi]इस कारण से
sva-vairiṇi tava vairtvam eveti'sva-vairiṇi' means: this is your own enmity toward yourself glossing the address; vairtva (= vairitva) = enmity; iti closes the gloss'हे अपनी शत्रु' — अर्थात् (यह कान्ति) तेरी शत्रुता ही है, इस प्रकार
vyāja-stutyāby way of vyāja-stuti — praise dressed up as blameव्याज-स्तुति (निन्दा के बहाने की गई स्तुति) के द्वारा
sarvato'pifrom every side alike api = 'too, in every respect'सब प्रकार से भी
saundaryātiśayaḥthe surpassing excess of her beautyसौन्दर्य की अतिशयता
uktaḥis what is really being statedकही गई है
tanu-dyutayaḥ eva sūcayaḥ — the body's rays are themselves the needles; vastra-sūkṣma-randhrān nirgacchantyaḥ — emerging through the fine holes of the cloth; parama-mitrāyitāni api ghana-dhvāntāni — the dense darkness, though it had been her closest friend; bhindate vidārayanti — they pierce, i.e. tear it open; ato hetoḥ sva-vairiṇi — for this reason [the address] 'sva-vairiṇi'; tava vairtvam eva iti — means 'this is your own enmity to yourself'; vyāja-stutyā — by disguised praise; sarvataḥ api saundaryātiśayaḥ uktaḥ — the surpassing excess of her beauty on every side is expressed.
शरीर की कान्ति ही सूइयाँ हैं, जो वस्त्र के सूक्ष्म छिद्रों से निकलकर घने अंधकार को — यद्यपि वह परम मित्र के समान है, तो भी — भेद देती हैं, अर्थात् चीर डालती हैं; इस कारण 'हे अपनी शत्रु' (कहा गया), अर्थात् (यह कान्ति) तेरी शत्रुता ही है — इस प्रकार व्याज-स्तुति से सब प्रकार से सौन्दर्य की अतिशयता कही गई है।
Now Viśvanātha decodes it. Read 'tanu-dyuti-sūcayaḥ' as a metaphor: the rays of her body are the needles. They come stabbing out through the tiny gaps in her cloth. The thick darkness had been her best friend, screening her — and yet these rays tear it wide open. That is exactly why Lalitā calls her 'sva-vairiṇi': as if to say, 'this is your own enmity against yourself.' And by this vyāja-stuti — scolding on the surface, praise underneath — what is really being declared is the boundless excess of her beauty, radiant on every side.
शरीर की कान्ति रूपी सूइयाँ वस्त्र के सूक्ष्म छिद्रों से निकलकर घने अंधकार को चीर डालती हैं, जबकि वह अंधकार तो (अभिसार में) परम मित्र के समान है। इसी कारण 'हे अपनी शत्रु' कहा गया — अर्थात् यह कान्ति तेरी शत्रु ही है। इस व्याज-स्तुति से हर प्रकार से (राधा के) सौन्दर्य की अतिशयता कही गई है।
vyāja-stuti is the rhetorical figure of 'covert praise': the words voice a complaint or reproach, but their true burden is praise. Here the 'complaint' that her glow betrays her is in fact a celebration of how luminous she is.