तद्धिताधिकारे ठगधिकारप्रकरणम्

Covers SK 1548–1625 (78 sūtras): all present. The spine is Aṣṭādhyāyī 4.4.1–4.4.74, in order. The SK splices in three rules from 7.3 and one from 6.4 where it needs them: 7.3.7 (svāgatādīnāṃ ca, SK 1549), read after the heading; 7.3.8–9 (śvāder iñi, padāntasyānyatarasyām, SK 1560–1561), read after śvagaṇāṭ ṭhañ ca; and 6.4.172 (kārmas tācchīlye, SK 1613), read after chatrādibhyo ṇaḥ. The Aṣṭādhyāyī reference text reads 4.4.17 as vibhāṣā vivadhavīvadhāt and 4.4.53 with kiśara-. The SK reads vibhāṣā vivadhāt and kisara-, and the SK readings are followed below.

taddhitādhikāre ṭhagadhikāraprakaraṇam — outline (p31, SK 1548–1625, all 78 sūtras)

This prakaraṇa is the ṭhak heading. prāg vahateṣ ṭhak (1548) makes ṭhak the default affix for every sense taught before tad vahati (4.4.76, SK 1627). The kaumudī closes the heading at 1625; 4.4.75 (SK 1626) opens the yat heading in p32. The rules come in runs, and each run is opened by a sense-sūtra that fixes the case of the base:

• third case, tena (1550): "plays / digs / conquers / won with that". Later senses in the run: prepared, crosses, goes about, lives by, carries, produced, mixed, moistened, is engaged.
• second case, tat (1578): "behaves thus". Later senses in the run: lends, gleans, guards, makes, kills, runs, takes, practises, goes, joins, looks at.
• sixth case, tasya dharmyam (1597): "what is dharmya for that", and then avakraya (dues).
• first case, tad asya paṇyam (1601): "that is his ware". Later senses in the run: craft, weapon, view, disposition, a slip in study, what is good for him, what is regularly given to him.
• seventh case, tatra niyuktaḥ (1620): "appointed there". Later senses in the run: studies, acts, dwells.

Within each run, most sūtras name a new sense and leave ṭhak in place. The rest are apavādas for particular bases:

• ṭhañ, ṭhan, ṣṭhan, ṣṭhal, ṭhac, ṭiṭhan
• aṇ, añ, ṇya, ṇa, īkak, kak/kan, cha, ini, map/imap
• luk

Only the kaumudī blocks are translated (SK-TRANSLATE §25). The readings cited as BM (Bālamanoramā) and TB (Tattvabodhinī) are the ones recorded in the unit notes. Where the p31 audit (.work/sk-run/p31-audit-fixes.md) corrects a reading, this outline follows the corrected reading. This applies to 1548, 1552, 1560, 1561, 1567, 1573–1575, 1581, 1585, 1586, 1588, 1594–1596, 1598 and 1623. Ordering: SK order throughout; nothing is reordered.

Affix shapes used below:

• ṭh → ik by ṭhasyekaḥ (7.3.50, SK 1170), but ṭh → k after a stem in is, us, uk or t, by isusuktāntāt kaḥ (7.3.51, SK 1221): bāhukā, dhānuṣkaḥ, śalālukaḥ.
• ṭhak and ṭhañ (k- and ñ-marked) bring ādivṛddhi (7.2.117–118, SK 1075–1076).
• ṭhan, ṣṭhan, ṣṭhal, ṭhac and ṭiṭhan do not bring ādivṛddhi. The pair vivadhikaḥ (ṣṭhan) / vaivadhikaḥ (ṭhak) shows the difference.
• A final a/ā/i/ī of the stem is deleted before the affix by yasyeti ca (6.4.148, SK 311).
• Feminine: a ṣ-marked affix takes ṅīṣ by ṣidgaurādibhyaś ca (4.1.41, SK 498). ṭhak and ṭhañ take ṅīp by ṭiḍḍhāṇañ… (4.1.15, SK 470), and ṭiṭhan takes ṅīp by its ṭ.

A. The ṭhak heading and the speech-act vārttikas — running example: "mā śabdaṃ kārṣīḥ" iti āha → māśabdikaḥ

• 1548 prāg vahateṣ ṭhak 4.4.1 — adhikāra: ṭhak governs the senses taught before (prāk) tad vahati (SK 1627), and that sūtra itself is excluded. BM: "vahati" names that sūtra by a part of it (ekadeśa). The division is ṭhak, not ṣṭhak, as the śloka-vārttika at 1625 settles.
• Vārttika tad āheti māśabdādibhya upasaṃkhyānam: ṭhak in the sense "he says 'that'". The affix is added to the segment māśabda of the utterance mā śabdaṃ kārṣīḥ ("don't make a sound"). BM and TB: the affix comes after a sentence-meaning, which carries no case-ending.
• māśabda + ṭhak → ṭh → ik, and the ā is already vṛddhi: māśabdikaḥ.
• The NSP print reads mā śabdaḥ kāri, which is BM's recorded variant and TB's citation.
• 1549 svāgatādīnāṃ ca 7.3.7 — spliced in here. In svāgata etc., the augment aic does not come. That aic would otherwise be added before a pada-final y or v by na yvābhyām… (7.3.3, SK 1098); na is carried from 7.3.6 (TB). So the ṭhak-forms keep plain ādivṛddhi on the v-syllable: su-āgata → svāgatikaḥ (not sauvāgatikaḥ), svādhvarikaḥ.
• The rest of the gaṇa is illustrated with other affixes (BM): svāṅgiḥ, vyāṅgiḥ, vyāḍiḥ (iñ); vyāvahārikaḥ (the source's vyāhareṇa is read vyavahāreṇa, as in NSP); svāpateyam (ḍhañ, SK 1656).
• Vārttika āhau prabhūtādibhyaḥ: ṭhak for "says", after an adverbial word: prābhūtikaḥ, pāryāptikaḥ.
• Vārttika pṛcchatau susnātādibhyaḥ: ṭhak for "asks about": sausnātikaḥ. Also saukhaśāyanikaḥ, where both members take vṛddhi because the word is anuśatikādi (SK 1438).
• Vārttika gacchatau paradārādibhyaḥ: ṭhak for "goes to": pāradārikaḥ, gaurutalpikaḥ.

B. Third case (tena): plays, digs, conquers, won, prepared, crosses — running example: akṣair dīvyati → ākṣikaḥ

• 1550 tena dīvyati khanati jayati jitam 4.4.2 — ṭhak after a third-case word that names the instrument, in the senses "plays / digs / conquers / won" with it. BM gives the counter-example devadattena jitam, where the third case names the agent and there is no ṭhak. akṣa + ṭhak → ādivṛddhi a → ā, final a deleted: ākṣikaḥ ("plays" or "conquers with dice"), ākṣikam ("won with dice"). abhri ("spade") gives ābhrikaḥ. TB: tense, person and number are not intended; the kāraka is.
• 1551 saṃskṛtam 4.4.3 — tena continues (BM). ṭhak in the sense "prepared with that": dadhnā saṃskṛtam → dādhikam, and mārīcikam ("with peppers"). TB says the rule is split from 1550 "for what follows". The translator's note infers that this is so that only saṃskṛtam carries on into 1552.
• 1552 kulatthakopadhād aṇ 4.4.4 — aṇ in the saṃskṛta sense, an apavāda of ṭhak. It applies after kulattha, and after a base whose penultimate (upadhā) is k.
• kulattha + aṇ → kaulattham.
• tittiḍīka ("tamarind") has k as its upadhā → taittiḍīkam. This is a secure reading (the NSP print agrees). BM reads taintiṇīkam, from tintiṇīka.
• 1553 tarati 4.4.5 — ṭhak in the sense "crosses by means of that". No commentary treats this sūtra; the translator supplies tena from BM on the neighbouring sūtras. uḍupena tarati → auḍupikaḥ.
• 1554 gopucchāṭ ṭhañ 4.4.6 — ṭhañ after gopuccha, in the sense of crossing: gaupucchikaḥ ("crosses holding a cow's tail"). Being ñit, ṭhañ gives the same initial vṛddhi as ṭhak.
• 1555 naudvyacaṣ ṭhan 4.4.7 — ṭhan after nau and after a two-vowel (dvyac) word, in the sense of crossing. The affix is ṭhan, not ṣṭhan: the ṣ is the s of dvyacas made ṣ by sandhi (BM). TB calls it sāṃhitika, so there is no ṅīṣ.
• nau + ika → au becomes āv before the vowel: nāvikaḥ.
• ghaṭikaḥ: ṭhan brings no vṛddhi.
• bāhu + ṭhan: after uk, ṭh → k (SK 1221), then ṭāp for the feminine: bāhukā strī ("a woman who crosses by her arms").

C. Going about (carati), the first ṣit affixes, and aic after śvan- — running example: hastinā carati → hāstikaḥ

• 1556 carati 4.4.8 — ṭhak after a third-case word, with carati in both senses of the root car (BM, citing the dhātupāṭha gatibhakṣaṇayoḥ): "goes (about)" and "eats".
• hastin + ika → the ṭi -in is deleted by nas taddhite (SK 679), with ādivṛddhi: hāstikaḥ.
• Also śākaṭikaḥ, and, in the sense "eats with curd", dādhikaḥ.
• 1557 ākarṣāt ṣṭhal 4.4.9 — ṣṭhal after ākarṣa, "touchstone". The source reads nikāṣopala; NSP and TB read nikaṣopala. The variant reading ākaṣāt is reported; TB says it breaks the metre of the verse at 1625.
• No vṛddhi: ākarṣikaḥ.
• The ṣ-marker gives ṅīṣ: ākarṣikī.
• 1558 parpādibhyaḥ ṣṭhan 4.4.10 — ṣṭhan after parpa etc. A parpa is the seat on which the lame get about. The source reads "na parpaḥ"; NSP reads "sa parpaḥ".
• parpikaḥ, and with ṅīṣ parpikī.
• Also aśvikaḥ and rathikaḥ.
• 1559 śvagaṇāṭ ṭhañ ca 4.4.11 — after śvagaṇa ("pack of dogs"), ṭhañ and, by ca, ṣṭhan. TB calls it an apavāda of ṭhak. The examples are given at 1560, after the aic rules:
• with ṭhañ: śvāgaṇikaḥ, and with ṅīp śvāgaṇikī;
• with ṣṭhan: śvagaṇikaḥ, and with ṅīṣ śvagaṇikī.
• 1560 śvāder iñi 7.3.8 — spliced in here. For an aṅga beginning with śvan, the aic augment does not come before iñ. That aic would otherwise come because śvan is in the dvārādi group (SK 1386).
• śvābhastriḥ, śvādaṃṣṭriḥ. The source reads śvādaṃṣṭiḥ; BM confirms -ṣṭriḥ.
• Jñāpaka: the prohibition would have nothing to prohibit unless a word beginning with śvan counted as dvārādi, so it shows that tadādividhi works in dvārādi. The fruit is śauvāvahanam.
• Vārttika ikārādāv iti vācyam: read "before an i-initial affix" instead of "iñi". This lets the prohibition reach the ika of ṭhañ: śvagaṇa + ṭhañ → vṛddhi on the first vowel, no aic: śvāgaṇikaḥ.
• 1561 padāntasyānyatarasyām 7.3.9 — for a śvan-initial aṅga ending in pada, the prohibition is optional, so aic comes optionally (BM: the option on the prohibition makes the injunction optional). śvāpada + aṇ (tasyedam) → śvāpadam or śauvāpadam.

D. Living by and carrying (jīvati, harati) — running example: vetanena jīvati → vaitanikaḥ

• 1562 vetanādibhyo jīvati 4.4.12 — ṭhak after third-case vetana ("wages") etc., in the sense "lives by that": vaitanikaḥ.
• dhanus + ṭhak → ṭh → k after us (SK 1221), and s → ṣ by iṇaḥ ṣaḥ (SK 153): dhānuṣkaḥ.
• 1563 vasnakrayavikrayāṭ ṭhan 4.4.13 — ṭhan, with no vṛddhi.
• vasna ("price") → vasnikaḥ.
• krayavikraya is named so that both the compound and its separate members are covered (saṃghātavigṛhītārtham): krayavikrayikaḥ, krayikaḥ, vikrayikaḥ.
• 1564 āyudhāc cha ca 4.4.14 — after āyudha ("weapon"), cha (→ īya) and, by ca, the ṭhan of 1563: āyudhīyaḥ, āyudhikaḥ.
• 1565 haraty utsaṅgādibhyaḥ 4.4.15 — ṭhak after third-case utsaṅga ("hip") etc., in the sense "carries by that". TB glosses harati as upādatte nayati vā: "carries", not "steals". autsaṅgikaḥ.
• 1566 bhastrādibhyaḥ ṣṭhan 4.4.16 — ṣṭhan, carrying. bhastrā ("leather bag") → bhastrikaḥ, and with ṅīṣ bhastrikī.
• 1567 vibhāṣā vivadhāt 4.4.17 — after vivadha, ṣṭhan optionally; otherwise ṭhak. A vivadha is a shoulder-pole with slings tied at both ends.
• With ṣṭhan: vivadhikaḥ, no vṛddhi.
• With ṭhak: vaivadhikaḥ.
• What is altered in one part is not a different word (ekadeśavikṛtam ananyavat), so vīvadha takes ṣṭhan as well: vīvadhikaḥ, vīvadhikī. TB: the Vṛttikāra put vīvadha into the sūtra.
• The source prints "vīvadhavīvadha-"; read "vivadhavīvadha-".
• 1568 aṇ kuṭilikāyāḥ 4.4.18 — aṇ after kuṭilikā. The word means a hunter's crooked gait, and also a smith's iron tongs (BM). kauṭilikaḥ: a hunter who carries off deer, or a smith who carries off coals.

E. What is produced by, mixed with, or moistened with something — running examples: kṛtyā nirvṛttam → kṛtrimam; dadhnā saṃsṛṣṭam → dādhikam

• 1569 nirvṛtte 'kṣadyūtādibhyaḥ 4.4.19 — ṭhak in the sense "brought about by that": ākṣadyūtikaṃ vairam ("enmity arising from dice-play"). The source's analysis misprints the base as akṣadyuta.
• 1570 ktrer mam nityam 4.4.20 — after a third-case word ending in the kṛt affix ktri (tri; TB: not the numeral), map comes obligatorily.
• kṛ + ktri → kṛtri, + ma → kṛtrimam; likewise paktrimam.
• nityam means the ktri-form never occurs without map. So the analysis uses other words, kṛtyā and paktyā nirvṛttam (BM, TB).
• Vārttika bhāvapratyayāntād imab vaktavyaḥ: imap after a word ending in a bhāva affix: pākena nirvṛttam → pākimam, tyāgimam.
• BM and TB both read the pratīka as trer. TB proposes a reformulation under which map would not need to be taught.
• 1571 apamityayācitābhyāṃ kakkanau 4.4.21 — kak after apamitya and kan after yācita, respectively. apamitya ("having exchanged") is a lyap-final indeclinable; BM and TB take it in the first case, since it cannot stand in the third.
• kak brings ādivṛddhi: āpamityakam.
• kan brings none: yācitakam.
• 1572 saṃsṛṣṭe 4.4.22 — ṭhak in the sense "mixed with that": dadhnā saṃsṛṣṭam → dādhikam.
• 1573 cūrṇād iniḥ 4.4.23 — ini after third-case cūrṇa ("powder"), mixed: cūrṇinaḥ apūpāḥ ("cakes rolled in powder").
• 1574 lavaṇāl luk 4.4.24 — after third-case lavaṇa, luk of the affix. BM says "the affix of the preceding sūtra". That can only be the ṭhak of 1572, since the ini of 1573 is taught for cūrṇa alone. The bare base therefore names what is mixed with salt: lavaṇaḥ sūpaḥ, lavaṇaṃ śākam.
• 1575 mudgād aṇ 4.4.25 — aṇ after third-case mudga, mixed: maudga odanaḥ ("rice with mudga beans").
• 1576 vyañjanair upasikte 4.4.26 — ṭhak after third-case words for condiments, in the sense "moistened with that": dadhnā upasiktam → dādhikam.
• BM: since 1572 would already give this form, the rule is a niyama: condiment-words take ṭhak only in the sense "moistened", not "mixed".
• BM's counter-example is printed "sūtrena saṃsṛṣṭā sthālī"; sūpena is probably meant.

F. Conduct (vartate), with the third case and then the second — running examples: ojasā vartate → aujasikaḥ; pratīpaṃ vartate → prātīpikaḥ

• 1577 ojassaho'mbhasā vartate 4.4.27 — ṭhak after third-case ojas, sahas and ambhas, in the sense "is engaged (vartate) by that". BM glosses vartate as vyāpriyate.
• aujasikaḥ: a hero, engaged by strength.
• sāhasikaḥ: a thief, engaged by daring.
• āmbhasikaḥ: a fish, which moves by means of water.
• 1578 tat pratyanupūrvam īpalomakūlam 4.4.28 — tat starts the second-case run. ṭhak comes after īpa, loman and kūla preceded by prati or anu, in the sense vartate ("behaves"). The second case is used because the word qualifies the action (kriyāviśeṣaṇa). BM notes that the Śabdenduśekhara allows only the first case for such qualifiers.
• prātīpikaḥ, ānvīpikaḥ, prātilomikaḥ, prātikūlikaḥ, ānukūlikaḥ.
• BM and TB treat pratīpa and anvīpa as conventional words (rūḍhi) meaning pratikūla ("adverse") and anukūla ("favourable").
• 1579 parimukhaṃ ca 4.4.29 — ṭhak after second-case parimukha, vartate: pārimukhikaḥ. By ca (gathering in what is not stated), pāripārśvikaḥ. TB: either a servant who stays out of his master's sight, or one who stays wherever his master's face turns. TB offers both readings of the prefix pari.

G. Second case: what one does to an object (lends, gleans, guards, makes, kills, waylays) — running example: pakṣiṇo hanti → pākṣikaḥ

• 1580 prayacchati garhyam 4.4.30 — ṭhak after a second-case word, in the sense "lends it", when the loan is reprehensible.
• dviguṇa: money lent so that it comes back double → dvaiguṇikaḥ; likewise traiguṇikaḥ.
• Vārttika vṛddher vṛdhuṣibhāvo vaktavyaḥ: vṛddhi ("interest") is replaced by vṛdhuṣi when ṭhak follows: vārdhuṣikaḥ.
• The replacement comes only together with ṭhak (TB). So Amara's bare vārdhuṣi is a problem: BM calls it an error, and TB reports the answer that poets are unrestrained (niraṅkuśāḥ kavayaḥ).
• 1581 kusīdadaśaikādaśāt ṣṭhanṣṭhacau 4.4.31 — ṣṭhan after kusīda and ṣṭhac after daśaikādaśa, respectively, in the sense of lending at a reprehensible rate. The ṣ gives ṅīṣ. The n and c differ only in accent (BM).
• kusīda means interest, and by extension the money lent for it: kusīdikaḥ, kusīdikī.
• daśaikādaśa means ten coins lent to get eleven back. Its samāsānta a is given by nipātana in this sūtra: daśaikādaśikaḥ, daśaikādaśikī.
• The analysis daśaikādaśān prayacchati names the creditor, and so does the derivative (BM).
• 1582 uñchati 4.4.32 — ṭhak in the sense "gleans it", i.e. picks up what has fallen one grain at a time (TB). No commentary states the second case; the translator supplies it. badarāṇi uñchati → bādarikaḥ. The source files BM's note on 1583 under this unit, and has no BM on uñchati.
• 1583 rakṣati 4.4.33 — ṭhak in the sense "guards it". samājaṃ rakṣati → sāmājikaḥ. TB: samāja means "a gathering".
• 1584 śabdadarduraṃ karoti 4.4.34 — ṭhak after śabda and dardura, in the sense "makes it".
• śābdikaḥ: one who "makes" words by analysing them into base and affix. The word is not used for śabdaṃ karoti kharaḥ ("the donkey makes a noise"); BM and TB agree.
• dārdurikaḥ: TB takes dardura as a musical vessel and dārdurika as a potter.
• 1585 pakṣimatsyamṛgān hanti 4.4.35 — ṭhak in the sense "kills them".
• Vārttika svarūpasya (paryāyāṇāṃ) viśeṣāṇāṃ ca grahaṇam: each of the three words also takes in its synonyms and the words for its species. An iṣṭi of the Bhāṣya adds that of matsya's synonyms only mīna counts.
• The examples come in three triads, each ordered own form, synonym, species (BM):
• birds: pākṣikaḥ, śākunikaḥ, māyūrikaḥ.
• fish: mātsyikaḥ, mainikaḥ, and a species form. The source repeats śākunikaḥ there; BM's OCR has śākalikaḥ, and śākulikaḥ is probably meant. In mātsyikaḥ the y stays, because its deletion (SK 499) is restricted to matsya before ṅī (TB).
• beasts: mārgikaḥ, hāriṇikaḥ (source hāriṇitaḥ), sāraṅgikaḥ.
• 1586 paripanthaṃ ca tiṣṭhati 4.4.36 — ṭhak after second-case paripantha, in the sense "stands" and, by ca, "kills" (BM). pāripanthikaḥ is a thief who stands avoiding the road or covering it. Either way paripantham is an adverbial qualifier (avyayībhāva or prādi compound), which explains the second case (BM, TB).

H. Second case: runs, takes, practises, goes, joins, looks at — running example: dharmaṃ carati → dhārmikaḥ

• 1587 māthottarapadapadavyanupadaṃ dhāvati 4.4.37 — ṭhak in the sense "runs along it". It comes after a word with mātha ("path") as its final member, and after padavī and anupada.
• A daṇḍamātha is a staff-straight path (a śākapārthivādi compound): dāṇḍamāthikaḥ.
• Also pādavikaḥ and ānupadikaḥ.
• 1588 ākrandāṭ ṭhañ ca 4.4.38 — after second-case ākranda ("the place where the distressed cry out"), ṭhañ and, by ca, ṭhak, in the sense of running to it. Both affixes give ākrandikaḥ.
• 1589 padottarapadaṃ gṛhṇāti 4.4.39 — ṭhak after a second-case word whose final member (uttarapada) is pada, in the sense "takes it": pūrvapadaṃ gṛhṇāti → paurvapadikaḥ, auttarapadikaḥ.
• 1590 pratikaṇṭhārthalalāmaṃ ca 4.4.40 — ṭhak after pratikaṇṭha, artha and lalāma. By ca, gṛhṇāti ("takes") carries over.
• prātikaṇṭhikaḥ: TB reads pratikaṇṭham as "throat by throat" or "facing the throat", and excludes the prādi reading.
• ārthikaḥ; lālāmikaḥ (lalāma = a mark).
• 1591 dharmaṃ carati 4.4.41 — ṭhak in the sense "practises it": dhārmikaḥ. TB: carati means habitual practice (āsevā), not a chance act.
• Vārttika adharmāc ceti vaktavyam: ādharmikaḥ. The vārttika is needed because a rule that names its base does not extend to words ending in that base (BM).
• 1592 pratipatham eti ṭhaṃś ca 4.4.42 — after pratipatham, in the sense "goes", ṭhan and, by ca, ṭhak. pratipatham is an avyayībhāva, "toward the path" or "path by path". Only the ṭhak form, with vṛddhi, is given: prātipathikaḥ. The ṭhan form is not given.
• 1593 samavāyān samavaiti 4.4.43 — ṭhak after second-case words for assemblies, in the sense "joins them as a member". The plural samavāyān brings in synonyms (BM): sāmavāyikaḥ, sāmūhikaḥ.
• 1594 pariṣado ṇyaḥ 4.4.44 — ṇya after second-case pariṣad, an apavāda of ṭhak (BM): pāriṣadyaḥ.
• 1595 senāyā vā 4.4.45 — after second-case senā ("army"), ṇya optionally; otherwise ṭhak: sainyāḥ or sainikāḥ.
• 1596 saṃjñāyāṃ lalāṭakukkuṭyau paśyati 4.4.46 — ṭhak after second-case lalāṭa and kukkuṭī, in the sense "looks at it". The rule holds only for an established designation (saṃjñā = rūḍhi, BM), not a newly coined label.
• lālāṭikaḥ: a servant who watches his master's forehead and does no work.
• kaukkuṭikaḥ: a mendicant. By lakṣaṇā, kukkuṭī stands for the small space a hen flies over: he keeps his gaze within it.

I. Sixth case (tasya): what is dharmya for someone, and dues — running example: āpaṇasya dharmyam → āpaṇikam

• 1597 tasya dharmyam 4.4.47 — tasya starts the sixth-case run. ṭhak in the sense "what is dharmya for that". dharmya means "not departing from dharma" (dharmād anapetam), i.e. what is fit to be practised (BM, TB). āpaṇikam ("what is dharmya for a market").
• 1598 aṇ mahiṣyādibhyaḥ 4.4.48 — aṇ after mahiṣī etc.
• mahiṣī + aṇ → the ī is deleted: māhiṣam.
• yājamānam: the analysis "what is dharmya for the sacrificer" is the translator's, modelled on the first example.
• 1599 ṛto 'ñ 4.4.49 — añ after a word ending in ṛ. yātṛ + añ → ṛ becomes r, with ādivṛddhi: yātur dharmyam → yātram.
• Vārttika narāc ceti vaktavyam: narasya dharmyā → nārī, with ṅīp after añ (BM).
• Vārttika viśasitur iḍlopaś cāñ ca: viśasitṛ drops its iṭ and takes añ → vaiśastram.
• Vārttika vibhājayitur ṇilopaś cāñ ca: vibhājayitṛ drops its ṇi and takes añ → vaibhājitram.
• 1600 avakrayaḥ 4.4.50 — ṭhak after a sixth-case word, in the sense avakraya. The kaumudī defines avakraya as wealth to be collected by the king, i.e. a due or levy. āpaṇasya avakrayaḥ → āpaṇikaḥ.

J. First case (tad asya): his ware, his craft, his weapon — running example: apūpāḥ paṇyam asya → āpūpikaḥ

• 1601 tad asya paṇyam 4.4.51 — tad asya starts the first-case run. ṭhak in the sense "that is his ware (paṇya)": āpūpikaḥ, a cake-seller.
• 1602 lavaṇāṭ ṭhañ 4.4.52 — ṭhañ after lavaṇa ("salt"): lāvaṇikaḥ.
• 1603 kisarādibhyaḥ ṣṭhan 4.4.53 — ṣṭhan after kisara etc., a list of fragrant substances (kisara, uśīra, nalada …): kisarikaḥ, and with ṅīṣ kisarikī.
• 1604 śalāluno 'nyatarasyām 4.4.54 — after śalālu (a fragrant substance), ṣṭhan optionally; otherwise ṭhak. In both, ṭh → k after uk (SK 1221).
• With ṣṭhan, no vṛddhi: śalālukaḥ, śalālukī.
• With ṭhak, vṛddhi (TB): śālālukaḥ, śālālukī. The ṅīp of this feminine comes by SK 470 (translator).
• 1605 śilpam 4.4.55 — ṭhak in the sense "that is his craft (śilpa)". The base mṛdaṅga stands by lakṣaṇā for playing the mṛdaṅga (BM, TB): mārdaṅgikaḥ.
• 1606 maḍḍukajharjharād aṇ anyatarasyām 4.4.56 — after maḍḍuka and jharjhara (two musical instruments), aṇ optionally; otherwise ṭhak. māḍḍukaḥ or māḍḍukikaḥ; jhārjharaḥ or jhārjharikaḥ.
• 1607 praharaṇam 4.4.57 — ṭhak in the sense "that is his weapon (praharaṇa)".
• asiḥ praharaṇam asya → āsikaḥ.
• dhanus → ṭh → k, s → ṣ: dhānuṣkaḥ.
• 1608 paraśvadhāṭ ṭhañ ca 4.4.58 — after paraśvadha ("axe"), ṭhañ and, by ca, ṭhak. Both give pāraśvadhikaḥ.
• 1609 śaktiyaṣṭyor īkak 4.4.59 — īkak (→ īka, with ādivṛddhi) after śakti ("spear") and yaṣṭi ("staff"). The final i is deleted before the ī: śāktīkaḥ, yāṣṭīkaḥ.

K. First case, continued: his view, his disposition, and what is good for him or given to him — running example: apūpabhakṣaṇaṃ śīlam asya → āpūpikaḥ

• 1610 astināstidiṣṭaṃ matiḥ 4.4.60 — ṭhak in the sense "that is his view (mati)". BM and TB take asti and nāsti as indeclinables, or else, by the express wording, as the finite verb.
• āstikaḥ: one who holds "the other world exists".
• nāstikaḥ: one who holds that it does not. The source prints "na nāstikaḥ" for "sa nāstikaḥ".
• daiṣṭikaḥ: one who holds "it is fate" (diṣṭa).
• 1611 śīlam 4.4.61 — ṭhak in the sense "that is his disposition (śīla)". apūpa stands by lakṣaṇā for eating cakes (BM): āpūpikaḥ.
• 1612 chatrādibhyo ṇaḥ 4.4.62 — ṇa after chatra etc., in the śīla sense. chatra ("umbrella") is used figuratively for covering the teacher's faults, so one whose disposition that is is a chātraḥ ("student"). TB, citing Kaiyaṭa: "chatrādibhyo 'ṇ" would have been the better wording.
• 1613 kārmas tācchīlye 6.4.172 — spliced in here, because karman is in the chatrādi list. kārma is given as a ready-made form (nipātana) in the sense of disposition: karman + ṇa → ṭi deleted → kārmaḥ ("one whose disposition is action").
• nas taddhite (SK 679) would already delete the ṭi. So the nipātana is a jñāpaka: the ṇa of disposition performs the operations of aṇ, overriding the prakṛtibhāva of an (SK 1155).
• Because ṇa counts as aṇ, ṅīp follows: caurī, tāpasī (from curā and tapas, both chatrādi).
• Without the sense of disposition, the aṇ of tasyedam comes and the ṭi stays: kārmaṇaḥ.
• 1614 karmādhyayane vṛttam 4.4.63 — ṭhak after a first-case word, in the sense of the sixth case ("his"), when that word names an act that occurred during his study. tad asya is carried on (BM, TB).
• ekam anyat, compounded by taddhitārtha… (SK 728), → aikānyikaḥ: one who made one wrong recitation at the examination.
• TB and BM add dvaiyanyikaḥ and traiyanyikaḥ, with aic by SK 1098.
• 1615 bahvacpūrvapadāṭ ṭhac 4.4.64 — in the same sense, ṭhac after a compound whose prior member has many vowels. ṭhac is c-marked, so there is no ādivṛddhi (BM): dvādaśānyikaḥ, "one who made twelve wrong readings".
• 1616 hitaṃ bhakṣāḥ 4.4.65 — ṭhak in the sense "that is good for him", when what is good is food. The dative comes either by recasting asya (vipariṇāma) or by drawing tad asmai back from 1617; TB leaves both open. Eating cakes is good for him: āpūpikaḥ.
• 1617 tad asmai dīyate niyuktam 4.4.66 — ṭhak in the sense "that is regularly given to him". The kaumudī glosses niyuktam as niyatam. agrabhojanam ("the first portion") → āgrabhojanikaḥ.
• 1618 śrāṇāmāṃsaudanāṭ ṭiṭhan 4.4.67 — ṭiṭhan in the same sense. Its i is only for pronunciation, its ṭ gives ṅīp, and it brings no vṛddhi.
• śrāṇā ("gruel") → śrāṇikaḥ, śrāṇikī.
• māṃsaudana is named so that both the compound and its separate members are covered: māṃsaudanikaḥ, māṃsikaḥ, odanikaḥ. BM and TB: a separate affix is taught so that odanika is free of vṛddhi.
• 1619 bhaktād aṇ anyatarasyām 4.4.68 — after bhakta ("a meal"), aṇ optionally; otherwise ṭhak: bhāktaḥ or bhāktikaḥ.

L. Seventh case (tatra): appointed, studies, acts, dwells; the ṣit count closes the heading — running example: ākare niyuktaḥ → ākarikaḥ

• 1620 tatra niyuktaḥ 4.4.69 — tatra starts the seventh-case run. ṭhak in the sense "appointed there", i.e. put in charge of guarding it and the like (BM): ākarikaḥ, the officer of a mine.
• 1621 agārāntāṭ ṭhan 4.4.70 — ṭhan, with no vṛddhi, after a word ending in agāra. No commentary treats this sūtra; the brackets are the translator's. devāgāre niyuktaḥ → devāgārikaḥ.
• 1622 adhyāyiny adeśakālāt 4.4.71 — ṭhak after a word for a prohibited place or time, in the sense "one who studies there". BM: the negative in adeśakāla means niṣiddha, "prohibited".
• śmaśāne 'dhīte → śmāśānikaḥ ("studies in a cremation-ground").
• caturdaśyām → cāturdaśikaḥ ("studies on the fourteenth").
• TB's counter-examples take no ṭhak: kāśyām adhīte, pūrvāhṇe adhīte.
• 1623 kaṭhināntaprastārasaṃsthāneṣu vyavaharati 4.4.72 — ṭhak after seventh-case words ending in kaṭhina, and after prastāra and saṃsthāna, in the sense "acts in it", i.e. does the fitting action there. tatra still holds.
• vāṃśakaṭhinikaḥ: one who acts properly in a region where the bamboos are hard.
• prāstārikaḥ, sāṃsthānikaḥ. BM takes prastāra and saṃsthāna both as "arrangement". TB also gives prastāra as the ghañ-form used in any sense other than a sacrifice (pre stro 'yajñe, SK 3203; the avagraha is lost in TB's OCR).
• 1624 nikaṭe vasati 4.4.73 — ṭhak after seventh-case nikaṭa, in the sense "dwells there": naikaṭiko bhikṣuḥ. BM: a mendicant who breaks the rule of living a krośa from the village. TB: one who lives near the village and enters it only for alms.
• 1625 āvasathāt ṣṭhal 4.4.74 — ṣṭhal after seventh-case āvasatha ("house"), in the sense of dwelling. The l is for accent (TB). āvasathikaḥ, and with ṅīṣ āvasathikī.
• Śloka-vārttika ākarṣāt parpāder bhastrādibhyaḥ kusīdasūtrāc ca / āvasathāt kisarādeḥ ṣitaḥ ṣaḍ ete ṭhagadhikāre: the affixes of these six sūtras in the ṭhak heading are ṣit. In the verse's order the six are 1557, 1558, 1566, 1581, 1625 and 1603, and they teach seven affixes, because the kusīda sūtra teaches two. "Six" counts sūtras (BM).
• BM: the verse settles that the heading's affix in 1548 is ṭhak, not ṣṭhak. TB adds that it lists every ṣit affix so that a real ṣ-marker is not taken for a sandhi product, as the ṣ of 1555 is.
• With this rule the domain of ṭhak ends.