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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
MBH 2.1.1.3
samarthaḥ padavidhiḥ
Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.1.1
Vṛtti Patañjali

atha kriyamāṇe api samarthagrahaṇe samartham iti ucyate kim samartham nāma .

pṛthagarthānām ekārthībhāvaḥ samarthavacanam .

pṛthagarthānām padānam ekārthībhāvaḥ samartham iti ucyate .

vākye pṛthagarthāni rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ iti .

samāse punaḥ ekārthāni rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

kim ucyate pṛthagarthāni iti yāvatā rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ ānīyatām iti ukte rājapuruṣaḥ iti ca saḥ eva .

na api brūmaḥ anyasya ānayanam bhavati iti .

kaḥ tarhi ekārthībhāvakṛtaḥ viśeṣaḥ .

subalopaḥ vyavadhānam yatheṣṭam anyatareṇa abhisambandhaḥ svaraḥ .

supaḥ alopaḥ bhavati vākye .

rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ iti .

samāse punaḥ na bhavati .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

vyavadhānam ca bhavati vākye .

rājñaḥ ṛddhasya puruṣaḥ iti .

samāse na bhavati .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

yatheṣṭam anyatareṇa abhisambandhaḥ bhavati vākye .

rajñaḥ puruṣaḥ puruṣaḥ rājñaḥ iti .

samāse na bhavati .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

dvau svarau bhavataḥ vākye .

rajñaḥ puruṣaḥ .

samāse punaḥ ekaḥ eva .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

na ete ekārthībhāvakṛtāḥ viśeṣāḥ .

kim tarhi .

vācanikāni etāni .

āha hi bhagavān supaḥ dhātuprātipadikayoḥ upasarjanam pūrvam samāsasya antaḥ udāttaḥ bhavati iti .

ime tarhi ekārthībhāvkṛtāḥ viśeṣāḥ .

saṅkhyāviśeṣaḥ vyaktābhidānam lkupasarjanaviśeṣaṇam cayogaḥ

iti .

saṅkhyāviśeṣaḥ bhavati vākye .

rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ rājñoḥ puruṣaḥ rājñām puruṣaḥ iti .

samāse na bhavati .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

asti kāraṇam yena etat evam bhavati .

kim kāraṇam .

yaḥ asau viśeṣavācī śabdaḥ tadasānnidhyāt .

aṅga hi bhavān tam uccārayatu gaṃsyate saḥ viśeṣaḥ .

nanu ca na etena evam bhavitavyam .

na hi śabdakṛtena nāma arthena bhavitavyam .

arthakṛtena nāma śabdena bhavitavyam .

tat etat evam dṛśyatām .

artharūpam eva etat evañjātīyakam yena atra viśeṣaḥ na gamyate iti .

avaśyam ca etat evam vijñeyam .

yaḥ hi manyate yaḥ asau viśeṣavācī śabdaḥ tadasānnidhyāt atra viśeṣaḥ na gamyate iti iha tasya viśeṣaḥ gamyeta : apsucaraḥ goṣucaraḥ varṣāsujaḥ iti .

vyaktābhidhānam bhavati vākye .

brāhmaṇasya kambalaḥ tiṣṭhati iti .

samāse punaḥ avyaktam .

brāhmaṇakambalaḥ tiṣṭhati iti .

sandehaḥ bhavati sambuddhiḥ syāt ṣaṣṭhīsamāsaḥ vā iti .

eṣaḥ api aviśeṣaḥ .

bhavati hi kim cit vākye avyaktam tat ca samāse vyaktam .

vākye tāvat avyaktam .

ardham paśoḥ devadattasya iti .

sandehaḥ bhavati paśuguṇasya vā devadattasya yat ardham artha vā yaḥ asau sañjñībhūtaḥ paśuḥ nāma tasya yat ardham iti .

tat ca samāse vyaktam bhavati .

ardhhapaśuḥ devadattasya iti .

upasarjanaviśeṣaṇam bhavati vākye .

ṛddhasya rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ iti .

samāse na bhavati .

rājapuruṣaḥ iti .

eṣaḥ api adoṣaḥ .

samāse api upasarjanaviśeṣaṇam bhavati .

tat yathā devadattasya gurukulam devadattasya guruputraḥ devadattasya dāsabhāryā iti .

cayogaḥ bhavati vākye .

svacayogaḥ svāmicayogaḥ ca .

svacayogaḥ rājñaḥ gauḥ ca aśvaḥ ca puruṣaḥ ca iti .

samāse na bhavati .

rājñaḥ gavāśvapuruṣāḥ iti .

svāmicayogaḥ devadattasya ca yajñadattasya ca viṣṇumitrasya ca gauḥ iti .

samāse na bhavati .

devadattayajñadattaviṣṇumitrāṇām gauḥ iti .

atha etasmin ekārthībhāvkṛte viśeṣe kim svābhāvikam śabdaiḥ arthābhidhānam āhosvit vācanikam .

svābhāvikam iti āha .

kutaḥ etat .

arthānādeśāt .

na hi arthāḥ ādiśyante .

katham punaḥ arthān ādiśan evam brūyāt na arthāḥ ādiśyante it .

yat āha bhavān anekam anyapadārthe cārthe dvandvaḥ apatye rakte nirvṛtte iti .

na etāni arthādeśanāni .

svabhāvataḥ eteṣām śabdānām eteṣu artheṣu abhiniviṣṭānām nimittatvena anvākhyānam kriyate .

tat yathā .

kūpe hastadakṣiṇaḥ panthāḥ .

abhre candramasam paśya iti .

svabhāvataḥ tatrasthasya pathaḥ candramasaḥ ca nimittatvena anvākhyānam kriyate .

evam iha api cārthe yaḥ saḥ dvandvasamāsaḥ anyapadārthaḥ yaḥ saḥ bahuvrīhiḥ iti .

kim puna kāraṇam na ādiśyante .

tat ca laghvartham .

laghvartham hi arthāḥ na ādiśyante .

avaśyam hi anena arthān ādiśatā kena cit śabdena nirdeśaḥ kartavyaḥ syāt .

tasya ca tāvat kena kṛtaḥ yena asau kriyate .

atha tasya kena cit kṛtaḥ tasya kena kṛtaḥ iti anavasthā .

asambhavaḥ khalu api ādeśaḥ tasya .

kaḥ hi nāma samarthaḥ dhātuprātipadikapratyayanipātānām arthān ādeṣṭum .

na ca etat mantavyam pratyayārthe nirdiṣṭe prakṛtyarthaḥ anirdiṣṭaḥ iti .

bhavati hi guṇābhidhāne guṇinaḥ sampratyayaḥ .

tat yathā śuklaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ iti .

viṣamaḥ upanyāsaḥ .

sāmānyaśabdāḥ ete evam syuḥ .

sāmanyaśabdāḥ ca na antareṇa viśeṣam prakaraṇam vā viśeṣeṣu avatiṣṭhante .

yataḥ tu khalu niyogataḥ vṛkṣaḥ iti ukte svabhāvataḥ kasmin cit eva viśeṣe vṛkṣaśabdaḥ vartate ataḥ manyāmahe na ime sāmānyaśabdāḥ iti .

na cet sāmānyaśabdāḥ prakṛtiḥ prakṛtyarthe vartate pratyayaḥ pratyayārthe vartate .

apravṛttiḥ khalu api arthādeśanasya .

bahavaḥ hi śabdāḥ yeṣām arthāḥ na vijñāyante .

jarbharī turpharītū .

antareṇa khalu api śabdaprayogam bahavaḥ arthāḥ gamyante akṣinikocaiḥ pāṇivihāraiḥ ca .

na khalu api nirjñātasya arthasya anvyākhyane kim cit prayojanam asti .

yaḥ hi brūyāt purastāt ādityaḥ udeti paścāt astam eti madhuraḥ guḍaḥ kaṭukam śṛṅgaveram iti kim tena kṛtam syāt .