O king, one who has given up all duty and taken refuge with his whole being in Mukunda, the refuge worth taking, is neither servant nor debtor to the gods, the sages, living beings, kinsfolk, men, or the forefathers.
हे राजन्! जो सब कर्तव्य त्यागकर सम्पूर्ण भाव से शरण देनेवाले मुकुन्द की शरण में चला गया है, वह देवताओं, ऋषियों, प्राणियों, आत्मीयजनों, मनुष्यों और पितरों का न सेवक रहता है, न ऋणी।
The verse — line by line
L1citation
devarṣi-bhūtāpta-nṝṇāṁ pitṝṇāṁ
devarṣi-bhūtāpta-nṝṇāṁof the gods, of the sages, of ordinary creatures, of well-wishers and of men genitive plural dvandva; devarṣi = deva + ṛṣi, bhūta = living beings, āpta = trusted ones/relatives, nṛ = humansदेवताओं, ऋषियों, भूतों (प्राणियों), आप्तजनों (हितैषी सम्बन्धियों) और मनुष्यों का —
pitṝṇāṁand of the forefathers genitive pluralतथा पितरों (पूर्वजों) का
devarṣi-bhūtāpta-nṝṇām — of the gods, sages, creatures, well-wishers and men; pitṝṇām — and of the forefathers
devarṣi-bhūtāpta-nṝṇāṁ — देवता, ऋषि, भूत, आप्त और मनुष्य — इन सबका; pitṝṇāṁ — और पितरों का
This line lists whom a person normally owes something to. The gods, the sages, ordinary living creatures, one's well-wishers and fellow men, and one's forefathers. These are the classes of beings to whom, by the usual reckoning, everyone is bound. The line is all in the genitive, feeding the next line: it is to these that he is said to be neither servant nor debtor.
देवता, ऋषि, प्राणी, आप्तजन (हितैषी), मनुष्य और पितर — इन सभी के प्रति।
Why cited: Adduced in the sādhana-bhakti section to prove that one who takes full refuge in Kṛṣṇa is freed from every other obligation and debt.
क्यों उद्धृत: साधन-भक्ति के प्रकरण में इसे यह सिद्ध करने के लिए उद्धृत किया गया है कि जो कृष्ण की पूर्ण शरण ले लेता है, वह अन्य समस्त कर्तव्य और ऋण से मुक्त हो जाता है।
This list matches the śāstric scheme of the pañca-ṛṇa, the five debts every person is born owing: to the devas, to the ṛṣis, to the pitṛs (forefathers), to fellow humans/guests, and to other creatures (bhūtas). The verse names exactly these five kinds of being.
यह सूची शास्त्रोक्त पञ्च-ऋण की योजना से मेल खाती है — वे पाँच ऋण जिन्हें लेकर प्रत्येक व्यक्ति जन्म लेता है: देवताओं का, ऋषियों का, पितरों का, मनुष्यों/अतिथियों का, और अन्य प्राणियों (भूतों) का। श्लोक ठीक इन्हीं पाँच प्रकार के प्राणियों को गिनाता है।
L2conclusion
na kiṅkaro nāyam ṛṇī ca rājan |
na kiṅkaraḥhe is not a servant na = not; kiṅkaraḥ = servant, nominativeन तो वह किसी का सेवक (किंकर) है
na ayam ṛṇīnor is this one a debtor ayam = this one; ṛṇī = one who owes a debtऔर न यह (शरणागत) किसी का ऋणी है
caand (joining the two denials)और
rājanO king vocativeहे राजन्!
ayam — this one; na kiṅkaraḥ — is not a servant; ca — and; na ṛṇī — nor a debtor; rājan — O king
na kiṅkaraḥ — न सेवक; na ayam ṛṇī — न यह ऋणी; ca — और; rājan — हे राजन्
Here is the main claim of the verse. Such a person is not a servant of those beings, and he is not their debtor either. He owes them no service and no debt. The speaker addresses the king directly: O king. So the freedom being announced is total, toward every class listed in the previous line.
हे राजन्! वह न तो किसी का सेवक रह जाता है और न किसी का ऋणी।
Why cited: States the point Rūpa quotes the verse for: the surrendered devotee owes neither service nor debt to gods, sages, creatures, men, or forefathers.
क्यों उद्धृत: रूप गोस्वामी इस श्लोक को जिस बात के लिए उद्धृत करते हैं वही यहाँ कही गई है — शरणागत भक्त देवता, ऋषि, प्राणी, मनुष्य और पितरों का न सेवक रहता है, न ऋणी।
L3other
sarvātmanā yaḥ śaraṇaṁ śaraṇyaṁ
sarvātmanāwith his whole being, holding nothing back instrumental of manner: sarva + ātmanअपने समूचे अस्तित्व से (पूर्ण भाव से)
yaḥthe one who relative pronoun opening the reason-clauseजो (पुरुष)
śaraṇaṁ śaraṇyaṁto the refuge that is truly worth taking refuge in śaraṇam = shelter (object); śaraṇyam = fit to be a shelter, describing itशरण लेने योग्य उस आश्रय की शरण को
yaḥ — the one who; sarvātmanā — with his whole being; śaraṇam śaraṇyam — [went] to the refuge worthy of being a refuge
sarvātmanā — सम्पूर्ण आत्मा से; yaḥ — जो; śaraṇaṁ śaraṇyaṁ — शरण्य (शरण के योग्य) आश्रय को
Now the verse gives the reason. The one who, with his whole self and holding nothing back, has gone for shelter. And the shelter he goes to is described as śaraṇyam, the one truly worth taking as a shelter. This begins the relative clause that runs into the next line, where the refuge is named as Mukunda.
जो पुरुष अपने समूचे अस्तित्व से उस शरण-योग्य आश्रय की शरण को...
sarvātmanā literally 'with the whole self': not a partial or hedged surrender but one made with one's entire being. It is what qualifies the freedom claimed above.
सर्वात्मना का शाब्दिक अर्थ है 'समूची आत्मा से' — यह कोई आंशिक या सशर्त शरण नहीं, अपितु अपने पूरे अस्तित्व से की गई शरण है। ऊपर जो मुक्ति कही गई, उसकी यही योग्यता (शर्त) है।
L4other
gato mukundaṁ parihṛtya kartam ||
gataḥhas gone past participle, completing 'yaḥ ... gataḥ' = the one who has goneचला गया है (शरणागत हो गया है) — 'यः ... गतः'
mukundaṁto Mukunda accusative, the goal of 'has gone'मुकुन्द की ओर (उन्हीं को लक्ष्य बनाकर)
parihṛtyahaving given up gerundत्यागकर
kartam[all other] duty, what is to be done the object given up; commentators gloss it as kartum 'to do' and note the variant kṛtyam 'duty'करणीय कर्म को (जो करना चाहिए उसे); पाठान्तर 'कृत्यम्' = कर्तव्य
yaḥ — who; kartam parihṛtya — having given up [all other] duty; sarvātmanā — with his whole being; mukundam śaraṇam śaraṇyam gataḥ — has gone to Mukunda, the refuge worth taking refuge in
gataḥ — गया हुआ; mukundaṁ — मुकुन्द की; parihṛtya — त्यागकर; kartam — करणीय कर्म को
The refuge is now named: Mukunda. The one who has gone to Mukunda for shelter, having given up all other duty. So the surrender is exclusive: he sets aside every other obligation and takes Mukunda alone as his shelter. It is because of this complete giving-up and taking-shelter that he owes no service or debt to anyone else. The commentators fasten on this phrase, 'parihṛtya kartam,' and spend their comments explaining exactly what is given up.
...वह सब करणीय कर्म त्यागकर मुकुन्द की शरण में चला गया है।
Mukunda is a name of Kṛṣṇa meaning 'the giver of mukti (liberation)'; the refuge is worth taking precisely because he gives what nothing else can.
मुकुन्द कृष्ण का एक नाम है जिसका अर्थ है 'मुक्ति देने वाला'; यह शरण इसीलिए ग्रहण करने योग्य है क्योंकि वे वही देते हैं जो और कोई नहीं दे सकता।