Premabase · Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu · Vibhāga 1 · Laharī 1
Show
SanskritHindiEnglish
Edition
PhilologicalAnnotatedStudy
Study decode
Phrases
Reading
AlignedContinuous
Script
IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaMukunda-dāsaViśvanātha
BRS 1.1.44
agrato vakṣyamāṇāyās tridhā bhakter anukramāt |
dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padair etan māhātyaṁ parikīrtitam ||
Word for word
agrataḥ further on; vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ which will be described; tridhā bhakteḥ of devotion in three forms; anukramāt in due order; dviśaḥ two by two; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ by six terms; etat this; māhātyam greatness; parikīrtitam has been proclaimed
agrataḥ आगे; vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ जो कही जाने वाली है; tridhā bhakteḥ तीन प्रकार की भक्ति की; anukramāt क्रमशः; dviśaḥ दो-दो करके; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ छह पदों से; etat यह; māhātyam माहात्म्य; parikīrtitam कीर्तित किया गया है
Construed
agrataḥ vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ tridhā bhakteḥ — of devotion in three forms, which will be described further on; anukramāt — in due order; dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — two by two, by six terms; etat māhātyam — this greatness; parikīrtitam — has been proclaimed.
agrataḥ vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ tridhā bhakteḥ — आगे कही जाने वाली तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का; anukramāt — क्रमशः; dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — दो-दो करके छह पदों से; etat māhātyam — यह माहात्म्य; parikīrtitam — कीर्तित किया गया है।
Translation
Of devotion in three forms, which will be described further on, in due order, this greatness has been proclaimed, two by two, by six terms.
आगे कही जाने वाली तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, क्रमशः, यह माहात्म्य दो-दो करके छह पदों से कीर्तित किया गया है।
Commentary
Jīva Gosvāmī
Durgama-saṅgamanī
dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ kleśaghnīty ādibhiḥ parikīrtitam iti |
On dviśo and ṣaḍbhiḥ — dviśaḥ — two by two; by six terms, "kleśaghnī" and the rest, it has been proclaimed.
dviśo, ṣaḍbhiḥ — द्विशः — दो-दो; छह पदों से, "क्लेशघ्नी" आदि से, कीर्तित किया गया।
asādhāraṇatveneti pariśabdārthaḥ |
The meaning of the word "pari" is "by way of being extraordinary."
"परि" शब्द का अर्थ है "असाधारणत्व के रूप में"।
tena sādhana-rūpāyā dvau guṇau |
By that, of the form that is practice there are two qualities.
इससे साधन-रूप के दो गुण।
bhāva-rūpāyāś catvāro guṇāḥ prema-rūpāyāḥ ṣaḍ api jñeyāḥ |
Of the form that is bhāva, four qualities; of the form that is prema, six — these are to be understood.
भाव-रूप के चार गुण, प्रेम-रूप के छह — ये समझने चाहिए।
tatra tat-tad-antarbhāvāt vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭayavat ||
There, owing to the mutual inclusion of each, as with the set of four elements beginning with air.
वहाँ प्रत्येक के परस्पर अन्तर्भाव के कारण, वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान।

dviśaḥ means two by two: by six terms, "kleśaghnī" and the rest, it has been proclaimed. The meaning of the word "pari" is "by way of being extraordinary." By that, of devotion in the form that is practice there are two qualities; of the form that is bhāva, four qualities; and of the form that is prema, six — these are to be understood. There, this holds owing to the mutual inclusion of each within each, as with the set of four elements beginning with air.

"द्विशः" अर्थात् दो-दो करके, छह पदों से, "क्लेशघ्नी" आदि के द्वारा कीर्तित किया गया। "परि" शब्द का अर्थ है "असाधारणत्व के रूप में"। इससे साधन-रूप के दो गुण, भाव-रूप के चार गुण और प्रेम-रूप के छह गुण समझने चाहिए। वहाँ प्रत्येक का परस्पर अन्तर्भाव होने के कारण यह वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान है।

Viśvanātha Cakravartī
Bhakti-sāra-pradarśinī
agrata iti |
On "agrataḥ."
"अग्रतः" पर।
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyās tridhā bhakter dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ |
Of devotion in three forms — practice, bhāva, and prema — two by two, by six terms.
साधन, भाव, प्रेम-रूप तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, दो-दो करके, छह पदों से।
tathā ca kleśaghnī śubhadā ity anena pada-dvayena sādhana-bhakter māhātmyaṁ kathitam |
And so, by the pair of terms "destroyer of affliction" and "bestower of auspiciousness," the greatness of devotion-as-practice is told.
और इस प्रकार "क्लेश का नाशक" और "मंगल का दाता" इन दो पदों से साधन-भक्ति का माहात्म्य कहा गया।
evaṁ mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhā ity anena bhāva-bhakteḥ |
Likewise, by "renderer of liberation trivial" and "very hard to attain," (the greatness) of bhāva-devotion.
वैसे ही "मोक्ष को लघु करने वाली" और "सुदुर्लभ" से भाव-भक्ति का।
evaṁ sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī iti prema-bhakter ity evaṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padair ity arthaḥ ||
Likewise, by "of the nature of a distinctive dense bliss" and "attractor of Śrī Kṛṣṇa," (the greatness) of prema-devotion — thus, by six terms; that is the meaning.
वैसे ही "सान्द्र आनन्द-विशेष-स्वरूपा" और "श्रीकृष्ण को आकर्षित करने वाली" से प्रेम-भक्ति का — इस प्रकार छह पदों से; यही अर्थ है।

On "agrataḥ."

"अग्रतः" पर।

Of devotion in its three forms — practice, bhāva, and prema — the qualities are stated two by two, by six terms. And so, by the pair of terms "destroyer of affliction" and "bestower of auspiciousness," the greatness of devotion-as-practice is told. Likewise, by "renderer of liberation trivial" and "very hard to attain," the greatness of bhāva-devotion is told. And likewise, by "of the nature of a distinctive dense bliss" and "attractor of Śrī Kṛṣṇa," the greatness of prema-devotion is told — thus, by six terms; that is the meaning.

साधन, भाव और प्रेम-रूप — इन तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, दो-दो करके, छह पदों से वर्णन किया गया। इस प्रकार "क्लेश का नाशक" और "मंगल का दाता" इन दो पदों से साधन-भक्ति का माहात्म्य कहा गया; वैसे ही "मोक्ष को लघु करने वाली" और "सुदुर्लभ" इन पदों से भाव-भक्ति का; और वैसे ही "सान्द्र आनन्द-विशेष-स्वरूपा" तथा "श्रीकृष्ण को आकर्षित करने वाली" इन पदों से प्रेम-भक्ति का — इस प्रकार छह पदों से कहा गया; यही अर्थ है।

Word for word
agrataḥ further on; vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ which is to be described; tridhā bhakteḥ of devotion in its three forms; anukramāt in due sequence; dviśaḥ two by two; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ by six terms; etat this; māhātyam greatness; parikīrtitam has been fully proclaimed
agrataḥ आगे; vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ जो कही जाने वाली है; tridhā bhakteḥ तीन प्रकार की भक्ति की; anukramāt क्रमशः; dviśaḥ दो-दो करके; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ छह पदों से; etat यह; māhātyam माहात्म्य; parikīrtitam कीर्तित किया गया है
Construed
agrataḥ vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ tridhā bhakteḥ — of devotion in its three forms, which is to be described further on; anukramāt — in due sequence; dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — two by two, by six terms; etat māhātyam — this greatness; parikīrtitam — has been fully proclaimed.
agrataḥ vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ tridhā bhakteḥ — आगे कही जाने वाली तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का; anukramāt — क्रमशः; dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — दो-दो करके छह पदों से; etat māhātyam — यह माहात्म्य; parikīrtitam — कीर्तित किया गया है।
Translation
Of devotion in its three forms, which is to be described further on, in due sequence, this greatness has been fully proclaimed, two by two, by six terms.
आगे कही जाने वाली तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, क्रमशः, यह माहात्म्य दो-दो करके छह पदों से कीर्तित किया गया है।
Commentary
Jīva Gosvāmī
Durgama-saṅgamanī
dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ kleśaghnīty ādibhiḥ parikīrtitam iti |
On dviśo and ṣaḍbhiḥ — dviśaḥ: two by two; it has been proclaimed by six terms — "kleśaghnī" and the rest.
dviśo, ṣaḍbhiḥ — द्विशः — दो-दो; छह पदों से, "क्लेशघ्नी" आदि से, कीर्तित किया गया।
asādhāraṇatveneti pariśabdārthaḥ |
The prefix "pari" carries the sense "in an extraordinary way."
"परि" शब्द का अर्थ है "असाधारणत्व के रूप में"।
tena sādhana-rūpāyā dvau guṇau |
By that reckoning, devotion in the form of practice has two qualities.
इससे साधन-रूप के दो गुण।
bhāva-rūpāyāś catvāro guṇāḥ prema-rūpāyāḥ ṣaḍ api jñeyāḥ |
Devotion in the form of bhāva has four qualities; devotion in the form of prema has all six — so it is to be understood.
भाव-रूप के चार गुण, प्रेम-रूप के छह — ये समझने चाहिए।
tatra tat-tad-antarbhāvāt vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭayavat ||
and this because each set is contained within the next, on the analogy of the set of four elements beginning with air [bhūta-catuṣṭaya — in Sāṅkhya and Vaiśeṣika cosmology the gross elements (air, fire, water, earth) each carry, cumulatively, the qualities of the more subtle ones preceding them; here the image illustrates how the two qualities of practice are included within the four of bhāva, and all four within the six of prema].
वहाँ प्रत्येक के परस्पर अन्तर्भाव के कारण, वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान [bhūta-catuṣṭaya — सांख्य और वैशेषिक की सृष्टि-विद्या में स्थूल भूत (वायु, तेज, जल, पृथ्वी) क्रमशः अपने से पूर्ववर्ती सूक्ष्मतर भूतों के गुणों को उत्तरोत्तर धारण करते हैं; यहाँ यह दृष्टान्त दर्शाता है कि साधन के दो गुण भाव के चार में, और वे चारों प्रेम के छह में समाविष्ट हैं]।

The word dviśaḥ means "two by two": it has been proclaimed by six terms — "kleśaghnī" and the rest. The prefix "pari" carries the sense "in an extraordinary way." By that reckoning, devotion in the form of practice has two qualities, devotion in the form of bhāva has four qualities, and devotion in the form of prema has all six — so it is to be understood. And this is so because each set is contained within the next, on the analogy of the set of four elements beginning with air [bhūta-catuṣṭaya — in Sāṅkhya and Vaiśeṣika cosmology the gross elements (air, fire, water, earth) each carry, cumulatively, the qualities of the more subtle ones preceding them; here the image illustrates how the two qualities of practice are included within the four of bhāva, and all four within the six of prema].

"द्विशः" का अर्थ है दो-दो; छह पदों से — "क्लेशघ्नी" आदि से — कीर्तित किया गया। "परि" शब्द का अर्थ है "असाधारणत्व के रूप में"। इससे साधन-रूप के दो गुण, भाव-रूप के चार गुण, तथा प्रेम-रूप के छह गुण — ये समझने चाहिए। वहाँ प्रत्येक के परस्पर अन्तर्भाव के कारण, वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान [bhūta-catuṣṭaya — सांख्य और वैशेषिक की सृष्टि-विद्या में स्थूल भूत (वायु, तेज, जल, पृथ्वी) क्रमशः अपने से पूर्ववर्ती सूक्ष्मतर भूतों के गुणों को उत्तरोत्तर धारण करते हैं; यहाँ यह दृष्टान्त दर्शाता है कि साधन के दो गुण भाव के चार में, और वे चारों प्रेम के छह में समाविष्ट हैं]।

Viśvanātha Cakravartī
Bhakti-sāra-pradarśinī
agrata iti |
The verse beginning "agrataḥ."
"अग्रतः" पर।
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyās tridhā bhakter dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ |
Of devotion in its three forms — practice, bhāva, and prema — two by two, by six terms.
साधन, भाव, प्रेम-रूप तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, दो-दो करके, छह पदों से।
tathā ca kleśaghnī śubhadā ity anena pada-dvayena sādhana-bhakter māhātmyaṁ kathitam |
And so, by the pair of terms "destroyer of affliction" and "bestower of the auspicious," the greatness of devotion-as-practice is told.
और इस प्रकार "क्लेश का नाशक" और "मंगल का दाता" इन दो पदों से साधन-भक्ति का माहात्म्य कहा गया।
evaṁ mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhā ity anena bhāva-bhakteḥ |
Likewise, by "that which makes liberation seem trifling" and "very hard to attain," the greatness of bhāva-devotion.
वैसे ही "मोक्ष को लघु करने वाली" और "सुदुर्लभ" से भाव-भक्ति का।
evaṁ sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī iti prema-bhakter ity evaṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padair ity arthaḥ ||
Likewise, by "that whose essence is a distinct, concentrated bliss" and "the one who draws Śrī Kṛṣṇa," the greatness of prema-devotion — thus, by six terms; that is the meaning.
वैसे ही "सान्द्र आनन्द-विशेष-स्वरूपा" और "श्रीकृष्ण को आकर्षित करने वाली" से प्रेम-भक्ति का — इस प्रकार छह पदों से; यही अर्थ है।

On the verse beginning "agrataḥ."

"अग्रतः" पर।

Of devotion in its three forms — practice, bhāva, and prema — the qualities are stated two by two, by six terms. And so, by the pair of terms "destroyer of affliction" (kleśaghnī) and "bestower of the auspicious" (śubhadā), the greatness of devotion-as-practice is told. Likewise, by "that which makes liberation seem trifling" (mokṣa-laghutākṛt) and "very hard to attain" (sudurlabhā), the greatness of bhāva-devotion. And likewise, by "that whose essence is a distinct, concentrated bliss" (sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā) and "the one who draws Śrī Kṛṣṇa" (śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī), the greatness of prema-devotion — thus, by six terms; that is the meaning.

साधन, भाव और प्रेम-रूप — इन तीन प्रकार की भक्ति का, दो-दो करके, छह पदों से वर्णन है। और इस प्रकार "क्लेश का नाशक" तथा "मंगल का दाता" — इन दो पदों से साधन-भक्ति का माहात्म्य कहा गया। वैसे ही "मोक्ष को लघु करने वाली" तथा "सुदुर्लभ" — इनसे भाव-भक्ति का। और वैसे ही "सान्द्र आनन्द-विशेष-स्वरूपा" तथा "श्रीकृष्ण को आकर्षित करने वाली" — इनसे प्रेम-भक्ति का; इस प्रकार छह पदों से — यही अर्थ है।

The verse — decoded
L1conclusion
agrato vakṣyamāṇāyās tridhā bhakter anukramāt |
agrataḥfurther on, up ahead in the text adverb of place/timeआगे
vakṣyamāṇāyāḥwhich is going to be described future passive participle, gen. sg. agreeing with bhakteḥजो आगे कही जाएगी उस (भक्ति) की
tridhāin three kinds — as practice, as bhāva, and as prema adverb, 'threefold'तीन प्रकार की
bhakteḥof devotion; this is what the whole line is about genitiveभक्ति की
anukramātin due order, taking each form in turn ablative used adverbially, 'in sequence'क्रम से
bhakteḥ — of devotion; agrataḥ vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ — which is going to be described further on; tridhā — in its three kinds; anukramāt — in due sequence
agrataḥ — आगे; vakṣyamāṇāyāḥ — जो आगे कही जाएगी; tridhā — तीन प्रकार की; bhakteḥ — भक्ति की; anukramāt — क्रम से
This line is about devotion. It is the devotion that will be described further on in the book. That devotion comes in three kinds. They are taken in order, one after another.
आगे जिस त्रिविध भक्ति का वर्णन किया जाएगा, उसका क्रम से (माहात्म्य कहा जा रहा है)।
tridhā bhakti: the three are sādhana-bhakti (devotion as practice), bhāva-bhakti (devotion ripened into feeling), and prema-bhakti (devotion as full love) — as the commentaries spell out; the line itself only says 'threefold.'
त्रिधा भक्ति — इसके तीन प्रकार हैं: साधन-भक्ति (अभ्यास रूप भक्ति), भाव-भक्ति (भाव में परिपक्व हुई भक्ति), और प्रेम-भक्ति (पूर्ण प्रेम रूप भक्ति) — जैसा टीकाकार खोलकर बताते हैं; पंक्ति स्वयं केवल इतना कहती है कि भक्ति 'त्रिधा' (तीन प्रकार की) है।
L2conclusion
dviśaḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ padair etan māhātyaṁ parikīrtitam ||
dviśaḥtwo at a time, a pair for each distributive adverb, 'by twos'दो-दो करके
ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥby means of six terms instrumental of meansछह पदों के द्वारा
etatthis — the greatness spoken of here nom./acc. sg. neut., pointing at māhātyamयह
māhātyamgreatness, how great devotion is nominative subject (metri causa for māhātmyam)माहात्म्य
parikīrtitamhas been fully proclaimed, declared all the way past passive participle; pari- adds 'thoroughly'भलीभाँति कहा गया है
etat māhātyam — this greatness; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — by six terms; dviśaḥ — two at a time; parikīrtitam — has been fully proclaimed
dviśaḥ — दो-दो करके; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — छह पदों से; etat — यह; māhātyam — माहात्म्य; parikīrtitam — भलीभाँति वर्णित है
This greatness of devotion has been fully declared. It was done using six terms. The six are given two at a time — one pair for each of the three kinds of devotion.
दो-दो करके, छह पदों से इस (भक्ति) का माहात्म्य भलीभाँति कहा गया है।
pari- in parikīrtitam: the plain sense is 'thoroughly, all the way.' The commentators read the same prefix as marking that the greatness told is out of the ordinary (Jīva) — but the line's own force is simply 'fully proclaimed.'
परिकीर्तितम् में 'परि' उपसर्ग — इसका सीधा अर्थ है 'पूरी तरह, भली-भाँति'। टीकाकार (जीव) इसी उपसर्ग को इस रूप में पढ़ते हैं कि जिस माहात्म्य का कीर्तन हुआ वह असाधारण है — परन्तु पंक्ति का अपना बल इतना ही है कि माहात्म्य 'पूर्णतया उद्घोषित' हुआ।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1gloss
dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ kleśaghnīty ādibhiḥ parikīrtitam iti |
dviśaḥtwo by two — that is, taking them in pairs distributive adverb glossed by the following instrumentalsदो-दो करके
dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁin twos and twos — two terms for each kind of devotion instrumental dual, repeated for the distributive senseदो-दो के द्वारा
ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥby six terms in all instrumental of meansछह पदों के द्वारा
kleśaghnī ity ādibhiḥnamely the words beginning with “kleśaghnī” (“it destroys affliction”) instrumental in apposition, naming the six terms'क्लेशघ्नी' इत्यादि (नामक) पदों के द्वारा
parikīrtitamhas been fully proclaimed past passive participle, the main predicateभलीभाँति कहा गया है
iti— so the verse says quotative, closing the paraphrase of the mūlaइस प्रकार
dviśaḥ — two by two, i.e.; dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ — taking them in pairs; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — by six terms; kleśaghnī ity ādibhiḥ — namely those beginning with “kleśaghnī”; parikīrtitam — it has been fully proclaimed; iti — so the verse says.
dviśaḥ — दो-दो करके; dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ — दो-दो के द्वारा; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — छह पदों से; kleśaghnī ity ādibhiḥ — 'क्लेशघ्नी' इत्यादि पदों से; parikīrtitam — भलीभाँति कहा गया; iti — इस प्रकार
Jīva first unpacks the verse's word “dviśaḥ.” It means “two by two” — you take the terms in pairs. So the six terms are grouped as two, two, and two. And the six terms he means are the ones beginning with “kleśaghnī” (“it destroys affliction”), the descriptive words used earlier. By these six terms, he says, the greatness of devotion has been fully proclaimed.
'दो-दो करके' का अर्थ है दो-दो के द्वारा; और छह पद अर्थात् 'क्लेशघ्नी' इत्यादि पद — इनसे भलीभाँति कहा गया है।
s2gloss
asādhāraṇatveneti pariśabdārthaḥ |
asādhāraṇatvena“in an extraordinary way” — in a way that belongs to nothing else instrumental of manner; -tva abstract unpacked into an adverbial clauseअसाधारण रूप से
iti— this is what it amounts to quotative marking the explanatory glossइस अर्थ में
pari-śabda-arthaḥis the sense of the prefix “pari” (in pari-kīrtitam) genitive tatpuruṣa; identifies what the preverb adds'परि' उपसर्ग का अर्थ है
asādhāraṇatvena iti — “in an extraordinary way”; pari-śabda-arthaḥ — this is the meaning the prefix “pari” carries.
asādhāraṇatvena — असाधारण रूप से; iti — इस अर्थ में; pari-śabda-arthaḥ — 'परि' उपसर्ग का अर्थ
Now Jīva explains the prefix “pari” in the verse's word pari-kīrtitam (“fully proclaimed”). The “pari” is not idle. It means “in an extraordinary way” — a way that belongs to devotion and to nothing else. So the greatness has been proclaimed as something utterly special, not merely stated.
'परि' उपसर्ग का यह अर्थ है — 'असाधारण रूप से'।
s3gloss
tena sādhana-rūpāyā dvau guṇau |
tenaon that reckoning — taking the terms two by two as just said instrumental of reason, resuming s1–s2इसलिए
sādhana-rūpāyāḥof devotion in the form of practice (sādhana) genitive; bhakteḥ understoodसाधन-रूप (भक्ति) के
dvau guṇauthere are two qualities nominative dual; the counted resultदो गुण (हैं)
tena — on that reckoning; sādhana-rūpāyāḥ — of devotion in the form of practice; dvau guṇau — there are two qualities.
tena — इसलिए; sādhana-rūpāyāḥ — साधन-रूप भक्ति के; dvau guṇau — दो गुण
Taking the terms in pairs, as he just set out, Jīva assigns the first pair. Devotion in the form of practice (sādhana-bhakti) has two qualities. These are the first two of the six terms.
इसलिए साधन-रूप भक्ति के दो गुण हैं।
s4gloss
bhāva-rūpāyāś catvāro guṇāḥ prema-rūpāyāḥ ṣaḍ api jñeyāḥ |
bhāva-rūpāyāḥof devotion in the form of bhāva (awakened feeling) genitive; bhakteḥ understoodभाव-रूप (भक्ति) के
catvāraḥ guṇāḥthere are four qualities nominative plural; the counted result for bhāvaचार गुण
prema-rūpāyāḥof devotion in the form of prema (mature love) genitive; bhakteḥ understoodप्रेम-रूप (भक्ति) के
ṣaṭ apiall six — even the whole set api = “even / all”, stressing the full countछहों (गुण)
jñeyāḥare to be understood as belonging to it gerundive (predicate), governing the whole assignmentजानने चाहिए
bhāva-rūpāyāḥ — of devotion as bhāva; catvāraḥ guṇāḥ — four qualities; prema-rūpāyāḥ — of devotion as prema; ṣaṭ api — all six; jñeyāḥ — are to be understood.
bhāva-rūpāyāḥ — भाव-रूप भक्ति के; catvāraḥ guṇāḥ — चार गुण; prema-rūpāyāḥ — प्रेम-रूप भक्ति के; ṣaṭ api — छहों; jñeyāḥ — जानने चाहिए
Jīva now assigns the remaining pairs. Devotion as bhāva (awakened feeling) has four qualities — the first two plus the next two. Devotion as prema (mature love) has all six. That, he says, is how it is to be understood. So the count rises: two for practice, four for bhāva, six for prema.
भाव-रूप भक्ति के चार गुण, और प्रेम-रूप भक्ति के छहों गुण जानने चाहिए।
s5gloss
tatra tat-tad-antarbhāvāt vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭayavat ||
tatraand here — as to why the higher stage carries the lower one's qualities locative, pointing to the case just statedइस विषय में
tat-tad-antarbhāvātbecause each set is contained within the next ablative of cause; antar-bhāva = “inclusion within”क्योंकि उन-उन (पूर्व गुणों) का इनमें अन्तर्भाव है
vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭaya-vatjust like the set of four elements beginning with air -vat suffix = “like, on the analogy of”वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान
tatra — and here; tat-tad-antarbhāvāt — because each set is contained within the next; vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭaya-vat — just like the four elements beginning with air.
tatra — इस विषय में; tat-tad-antarbhāvāt — क्योंकि उन-उन का अन्तर्भाव है; vāyv-ādi-bhūta-catuṣṭaya-vat — वायु आदि चार भूतों के समान
Why does the count climb rather than reset? Because each smaller set is contained inside the larger one. The two qualities of practice are already inside the four of bhāva; those four are already inside the six of prema. Jīva gives an analogy: the four gross elements beginning with air. The mapping: air carries only its own quality; the next element carries air's quality plus its own; and so on, each element cumulatively holding the qualities of the subtler ones before it. In the same way prema holds the qualities of bhāva, and bhāva holds those of practice. The analogy is offered in support, and it stops at the point of cumulative inclusion — it illustrates only how the lower qualities are carried up into the higher stage, nothing more.
इस विषय में, उन-उन (पूर्व) गुणों के अन्तर्भाव के कारण (गुण बढ़ते जाते हैं) — जैसे वायु आदि चार भूतों में (होता है)।
bhūta-catuṣṭaya (“the four elements”): in Sāṅkhya–Vaiśeṣika cosmology the gross elements — here air, fire, water, earth — arise in sequence, and each later one cumulatively carries the qualities of the more subtle ones before it. Home meaning: a physical account of how the elements build up. Meaning here: borrowed only as a picture of cumulative inclusion — how practice's two qualities are held within bhāva's four, and all four within prema's six.
भूत-चतुष्टय ('चार भूत'): सांख्य-वैशेषिक सृष्टि-क्रम में स्थूल भूत — यहाँ वायु, अग्नि, जल, पृथ्वी — क्रम से उत्पन्न होते हैं, और प्रत्येक पिछला भूत अपने से सूक्ष्म भूतों के गुणों को उत्तरोत्तर अपने में समेटता जाता है। मूल अर्थ: भूतों के क्रमिक निर्माण का भौतिक वर्णन। यहाँ अभिप्राय: केवल क्रमिक अन्तर्भाव के दृष्टान्त रूप में लिया गया — कि साधन के दो गुण भाव के चार में, और वे चारों प्रेम के छह में समाविष्ट रहते हैं।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
agrata iti |
agrataḥ"further on" — he quotes the verse's first word to mark which verse he is about to comment on pratīka (catch-word citing the verse)'अग्रतः' (श्लोक का प्रतीक)
iti"the one that begins thus" — closes the catch-word; i.e. the verse starting with agrataḥइत्यादि
agrataḥ — "further on"; iti — the verse that begins with this word.
agrataḥ — 'अग्रतः'; iti — इत्यादि
He picks up the verse by its opening word. "The verse beginning agrataḥ." This just names the verse he is now going to explain.
'अग्रतः' इत्यादि (श्लोक की व्याख्या की जा रही है)।
s2gloss
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyās tridhā bhakter dviśo dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ |
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyāḥ"of devotion in the forms of practice, of bhāva, and of prema" — he spells out the three forms the verse only called "threefold" genitive; bahuvrīhi naming the three rūpasसाधन, भाव और प्रेम रूप वाली
tridhā bhakteḥ"of devotion in its three kinds" — the verse's own phrase, now filled in by the three just named genitiveत्रिविध भक्ति की
dviśaḥ"two at a time" — glossed next by the doubling phraseदो-दो करके
dvābhyāṁ dvābhyām"two by two, two by two" — this is what dviśaḥ means: take the six terms in pairs instrumental, distributive repetitionदो-दो (पदों) के द्वारा
ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ"by six terms" — the six descriptive words, worked through two per form instrumental of meansछह पदों के द्वारा
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyāḥ tridhā bhakteḥ — of devotion in its three forms, practice, bhāva, and prema; dviśaḥ = dvābhyāṁ dvābhyām — two by two; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — by six terms.
sādhana-bhāva-prema-rūpāyāḥ — साधन-भाव-प्रेम रूप वाली; tridhā bhakteḥ — त्रिविध भक्ति की; dviśaḥ — दो-दो करके; dvābhyāṁ dvābhyām — दो-दो के द्वारा; ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — छह पदों से
Devotion is threefold: as practice (sādhana), as bhāva, and as prema. He is filling in what the verse left as just "threefold." Then he unpacks the word dviśaḥ: it means "two at a time." So the six terms are taken two by two — one pair for each of the three forms.
साधन, भाव और प्रेम — इन तीन रूपों वाली त्रिविध भक्ति की, दो-दो करके छह पदों से (माहात्म्य कहा गया है)।
s3gloss
tathā ca kleśaghnī śubhadā ity anena pada-dvayena sādhana-bhakter māhātmyaṁ kathitam |
tathā ca"and so, accordingly" — he now applies the two-by-two rule to the first pair connectiveऔर इस प्रकार
kleśaghnī śubhadāthe first pair of terms: "she destroys suffering" and "she gives what is good" quoted pada-pair (the two terms themselves)'क्लेशघ्नी शुभदा' (ये दो पद)
iti anena pada-dvayena"by this pair of terms" — i.e. by these two words taken together instrumental of meansइन दो पदों के द्वारा
sādhana-bhakteḥ"of devotion-as-practice" — whose greatness this first pair states genitiveसाधन-भक्ति का
māhātmyam"the greatness" — the point being toldमाहात्म्य
kathitam"has been told, stated" — by that pair past passive participleकहा गया है
tathā ca — and so; kleśaghnī śubhadā iti anena pada-dvayena — by this pair of terms, "destroyer of suffering" and "giver of good"; sādhana-bhakteḥ māhātmyam — the greatness of devotion-as-practice; kathitam — has been told.
tathā ca — और इस प्रकार; kleśaghnī śubhadā — 'क्लेशघ्नी शुभदा'; iti anena pada-dvayena — इन दो पदों से; sādhana-bhakteḥ — साधन-भक्ति का; māhātmyam — माहात्म्य; kathitam — कहा गया है
Now he applies the pairing. The first pair of terms is kleśaghnī ("she destroys suffering") and śubhadā ("she gives what is good"). By these two words, the greatness of devotion-as-practice (sādhana-bhakti) is stated. So: pair one, for the first form.
और इस प्रकार 'क्लेशघ्नी शुभदा' — इन दो पदों से साधन-भक्ति का माहात्म्य कहा गया है।
s4gloss
evaṁ mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhā ity anena bhāva-bhakteḥ |
evam"in the same way" — the same pairing rule applied to the next pair connective, parallel to the previous sentenceइसी प्रकार
mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhāthe second pair: "she makes liberation look small" and "she is very hard to get" quoted pada-pair'मोक्ष-लघुताकृत् सुदुर्लभा' (ये दो पद)
iti anena"by this [pair]" — carrying over "pair of terms" and "the greatness … has been told" from the previous sentence instrumental; elliptical, borrows the verb from s3इन (दो पदों) के द्वारा (कहा गया है)
bhāva-bhakteḥ"of bhāva-devotion" — whose greatness this second pair states genitiveभाव-भक्ति का (माहात्म्य)
evam — likewise; mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhā iti anena [pada-dvayena] — by this pair, "maker-of-liberation-trifling" and "very-hard-to-attain"; bhāva-bhakteḥ [māhātmyaṁ kathitam] — [the greatness] of bhāva-devotion [is told].
evam — इसी प्रकार; mokṣa-laghutākṛt sudurlabhā — 'मोक्ष-लघुताकृत् सुदुर्लभा'; iti anena — इन (दो पदों) से; bhāva-bhakteḥ — भाव-भक्ति का
In the same way, the second pair is mokṣa-laghutākṛt ("she makes even liberation look trivial") and sudurlabhā ("she is very hard to attain"). By this pair the greatness of bhāva-devotion is told. The verb "is told" is understood again from the line before. So: pair two, for the second form.
इसी प्रकार 'मोक्ष-लघुताकृत् सुदुर्लभा' — इन दो पदों से भाव-भक्ति का (माहात्म्य कहा गया है)।
s5conclusion
evaṁ sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī iti prema-bhakter ity evaṁ ṣaḍbhiḥ padair ity arthaḥ ||
evam"in the same way" — the pairing rule applied a third time connective, parallel againइसी प्रकार
sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇīthe third pair: "her very self is a thick, special joy" and "she pulls Śrī Kṛṣṇa in" quoted pada-pair'सान्द्रानन्द-विशेषात्मा श्री-कृष्णाकर्षिणी' (ये दो पद)
iti"[by] this [pair]" — closes the quoted pair, again borrowing "by this pair … is told"इन (पदों) से
prema-bhakteḥ"of prema-devotion" — whose greatness this third pair states genitiveप्रेम-भक्ति का (माहात्म्य)
iti evam ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ"so, in this way, by six terms" — the tally: three pairs make the verse's "six terms" instrumental, summing upइस प्रकार छह पदों के द्वारा
iti arthaḥ"that is the meaning" — he closes off the whole explanation formula ending a glossऐसा अर्थ है
evam — likewise; sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī iti — by this pair, "one whose self is a thick, distinct joy" and "drawer-in of Śrī Kṛṣṇa"; prema-bhakteḥ [māhātmyaṁ kathitam] — [the greatness] of prema-devotion [is told]; iti evam ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — thus, in this way, by six terms; iti arthaḥ — that is the meaning.
evam — इसी प्रकार; sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī — 'सान्द्रानन्द-विशेषात्मा श्री-कृष्णाकर्षिणी'; iti — (इन पदों से); prema-bhakteḥ — प्रेम-भक्ति का; iti evam ṣaḍbhiḥ padaiḥ — इस प्रकार छह पदों से; iti arthaḥ — ऐसा अर्थ है
In the same way, the third pair is sāndrānanda-viśeṣātmā ("her very being is a thick, special joy") and śrī-kṛṣṇākarṣiṇī ("she draws Śrī Kṛṣṇa to herself"). By this pair the greatness of prema-devotion is told. Add it up: two plus two plus two — that is the verse's "six terms." That, he says, is the meaning.
इसी प्रकार 'सान्द्रानन्द-विशेषात्मा श्री-कृष्णाकर्षिणी' — इन दो पदों से प्रेम-भक्ति का (माहात्म्य कहा गया है); इस प्रकार छह पदों से (सम्पूर्ण माहात्म्य वर्णित है) — ऐसा अर्थ है।