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IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaViśvanāthaViṣṇudāsa
UN 4.27
← 4.264.28 →
atha ramya-vāk—
suvadane vadane tava radhike
sphurati keyam ihākṣara-mādhurī |
vikalatāṁ labhate kila kokilaḥ
sakhi yayādya sudhāpi mudhārthatām ||
The verse — decoded
L1other
suvadane vadane tava radhike
suvadaneO you of the lovely face — vocative; Kṛṣṇa addressing Rādhāहे सुन्दर मुखवाली! (कृष्ण राधा को सम्बोधित करते हैं)
vadane tavahere on your mouth vadane locative 'on the mouth' + tava 'your'तुम्हारे मुख में
rādhikeO Rādhikā vocativeहे राधिके!
suvadane rādhike — O lovely-faced Rādhikā; vadane tava — on your mouth
हे सुन्दर मुखवाली राधिके! तुम्हारे मुख में
Kṛṣṇa is speaking. He calls out, 'O Rādhikā, you of the lovely face — here, on your very mouth...' The line sets the scene: everything that follows is about what lives on her lips.
हे सुन्दर मुखवाली राधिके! तुम्हारे मुख में —
Source prints 'radhike'; rendered in full IAST as rādhike.
L2other
sphurati keyam ihākṣara-mādhurī |
sphuratishines forth, bursts outस्फुरित हो रही है, प्रकट हो रही है
kā iyamwhat is this? keyam = kā + iyamयह कौन-सी
ihahere [on your lips]यहाँ, इस समय
akṣara-mādhurīthis sweetness of your very syllables — the melody of the sounds you speak akṣara 'syllable, speech-sound' + mādhurī 'sweetness'अक्षरों की माधुरी (वाणी की मधुरता)
kā iyam akṣara-mādhurī iha sphurati — what is this sweetness of syllables that bursts forth here?
यहाँ यह कौन-सी अक्षरों की माधुरी स्फुरित हो रही है
'What is this sweetness of syllables that shines forth here?' He is asking about the melody of her very speech-sounds — not what she says, but the sweetness of the sounds themselves.
यहाँ तुम्हारे मुख में यह कौन-सी अक्षरों की मधुरता प्रकट हो रही है!
L3other
vikalatāṁ labhate kila kokilaḥ
kokilaḥthe cuckoo [the songbird famed for its sweet note]कोयल
kila— why, they sayनिश्चय ही (कहते हैं)
vikalatāṁ labhatefalls to pieces, is left faltering [loses its own sweet voice] vikalatām acc. 'faltering, disability' + labhate 'comes to'विकलता को प्राप्त हो जाती है
kokilaḥ kila vikalatāṁ labhate — the cuckoo, indeed, comes to faltering
कोयल निश्चय ही विकलता को प्राप्त हो जाती है
'Why, the cuckoo itself is thrown into faltering by it.' The one bird whose whole fame is its sweet song is left disabled, undone — outdone by the sweetness of her speech.
कोयल निश्चय ही विकल हो जाती है।
L4conclusion
sakhi yayādya sudhāpi mudhārthatām ||
sakhiO friendहे सखी!
yayāby which [same sweetness] instrumental relative, picking up akṣara-mādhurīजिस (माधुरी) के कारण
adyathis very day, nowआज
sudhā apieven nectar itselfअमृत भी
mudhārthatāmis made purposeless — its whole point falls away acc.; the verb labhate carries over from L3व्यर्थता को (L3 का 'प्राप्त होती है' यहाँ भी लागू)
sakhi, yayā adya sudhā api mudhārthatāṁ [labhate] — O friend, by which even nectar, this day, comes to purposelessness
हे सखी! जिस माधुरी के कारण आज अमृत भी व्यर्थता को प्राप्त हो जाता है
'O friend, and by that same sweetness even nectar is now made pointless.' The two things most famed for sweetness — the cuckoo's song for the ear, nectar for the tongue — are both left with nothing to offer. That is what her speech does.
हे सखी! जिस माधुरी के कारण आज अमृत भी व्यर्थ हो गया है।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam |
na vyākhyātam[Jīva] gives no comment on it na 'not' + vyākhyātam 'explained, commented on'व्याख्या नहीं की गई
na vyākhyātam — it was not commented on
व्याख्या नहीं की गई
Jīva Gosvāmī leaves this verse without any comment.
इस श्लोक की व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1gloss
suvadane iti śrī-kṛṣṇa-vākyam |
suvadane itithe verse beginning 'suvadane' iti marks the pratīka, the opening catch-word standing for the whole verse'सुवदने' इत्यादि (यह प्रतीक-पद पूरे श्लोक का सूचक है)
śrī-kṛṣṇa-vākyamis spoken by Śrī Kṛṣṇaश्रीकृष्ण का वचन है
suvadane iti śrī-kṛṣṇa-vākyam — the 'suvadane' verse is Kṛṣṇa's speech
'सुवदने' इत्यादि श्रीकृष्ण का वचन है
Viśvanātha first fixes who is speaking: the 'suvadane' verse is Kṛṣṇa's own words. He is the one praising Rādhā's speech.
'सुवदने' से आरम्भ होने वाला यह श्लोक श्रीकृष्ण का कथन है।
s2gloss
sausvaryeṇa kokilasya śabdārtha-vaicitryā sudhāyāś ca vaiyarthyam uktam ||
sausvaryeṇaby [Rādhā's] sweet, well-toned voice instrumental of meansमधुर स्वर के द्वारा
kokilasyaof the cuckoo — whose uselessness genitive, going with vaiyarthyamकोयल की (व्यर्थता के साथ अन्वय)
śabdārtha-vaicitryāand by the marvel of her words and their meaning instrumental (irregular for vaicitryeṇa); śabda 'word' + artha 'sense' + vaicitrya 'wonderful variety'शब्द और अर्थ की विचित्रता के द्वारा
sudhāyāḥ caand of the nectar genitive, also going with vaiyarthyamऔर अमृत की (व्यर्थता के साथ अन्वय)
vaiyarthyamthe uselessness, the being-in-vainव्यर्थता
uktamis what the verse is statingकही गई है
sausvaryeṇa kokilasya [vaiyarthyam], śabdārtha-vaicitryā ca sudhāyāḥ vaiyarthyam uktam — by [her] sweet tone the cuckoo's uselessness, and by the marvel of word-and-meaning the nectar's uselessness, is declared
मधुर स्वर के द्वारा कोयल की, और शब्द-अर्थ की विचित्रता के द्वारा अमृत की व्यर्थता कही गई है
Viśvanātha splits the praise into two lines of attack. By the sweetness of her tone, the cuckoo is made useless — sound beaten by sound. And by the marvel of her words and their meaning, nectar is made useless — for nectar is merely sweet to taste, it carries no word and no sense. So her speech beats the cuckoo at pure melody and beats nectar by having meaning as well. Each rival is outdone on its own ground.
मधुर स्वर से कोयल की, और शब्द तथा अर्थ की विचित्रता से अमृत की व्यर्थता कही गई है।
Source 'vaicitryā' is an irregular instrumental for the expected vaicitryeṇa; read parallel to sausvaryeṇa.
← 4.264.28 →