L1gloss
harer atiprasādo’yaṁ saṅga-dānādir ātmanaḥ ||
hareḥof Hari — this belongs to Hari; it is his genitive of possession, going with atiprasādaḥहरि का
atiprasādaḥis his overflowing grace — his extraordinary favor nominative, the predicate; ati- 'sur-, beyond ordinary'परम कृपा (साधारण से बढ़कर, असाधारण अनुग्रह)
ayamthis thing — this (namely the prema just spoken of, pointed back to) nominative, subject; refers to the topic of the preceding lineयह (पूर्व पंक्ति में वर्णित प्रेम)
saṅga-dānādiḥwhich consists in his giving his own company, and the rest that follows from it compound; -ādiḥ 'beginning with, and so on'जिसका आरम्भ संग-दान आदि से होता है
ātmanaḥof his own self — the company he gives is company with himself genitive; construed (with Viśvanātha) as Hari's ownअपने ही (हरि के) स्वरूप का
ayam — this [prema]; hareḥ — of Hari; ātmanaḥ saṅga-dānādiḥ — being the giving of his own company and the rest; atiprasādaḥ — is his overflowing grace.
hareḥ — हरि का; atiprasādaḥ — परम (असाधारण) कृपा; ayam — यह (पूर्वोक्त प्रेम); saṅga-dānādiḥ — जिसका आरम्भ संग-दान आदि से है; ātmanaḥ — अपने ही (हरि के) स्वरूप का
This — the prema just described — is Hari's overflowing grace. What is that grace? It is his giving his own company, and everything that comes with it. The company he gives is company with himself. So the highest favor Hari shows is to hand over his own association.
यह प्रेम हरि की परम कृपा है। इसका पहला उपहार है — हरि का अपना संग देना।
atiprasāda: 'prasāda' at home means favor or grace (also the food left from an offering); the prefix 'ati-' pushes it past ordinary favor — here his utmost, out-of-the-way grace. 'ātmanaḥ' is taken with Viśvanātha as 'of his own self,' so the gift is not merely association but association with Hari himself.
"प्रसाद" का अर्थ है कृपा या अनुग्रह (भोग के बाद बचा हुआ अन्न भी); "अति-" उपसर्ग इसे साधारण कृपा से बढ़ाकर परम, असाधारण कृपा बना देता है। विश्वनाथ "आत्मनः" को "अपने ही स्वरूप का" लेते हैं, इसलिए यह उपहार केवल संग नहीं, बल्कि स्वयं हरि का संग है।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī + Mukunda-dāsa Gosvāmī
s1gloss
saṅga-dānam ādir yasya saḥ ||
saṅga-dānamthe giving of his company nom. sg. n. — subject of the relative clause; from the verse's compound saṅga-dānādiḥसंग का दान
ādiḥis the first item nom. sg. — predicate of the relative clause; the -ādi of the compound(जिसका) आदि अर्थात् प्रथम अंग है
yasyaof which — i.e. the thing whose gen. sg. rel. pron.; sets up the bahuvrīhiजिसका
saḥthat is it nom. sg. correlative — resolves the bahuvrīhi back onto the grace/prema of the verseवह (यह प्रेम/कृपा)
yasya — of which; saṅga-dānam — the giving of his company; ādiḥ — is the first item; saḥ — that is it.
saṅga-dānam — संग का दान; ādiḥ — (जिसका) प्रथम अंग है; yasya — जिसका; saḥ — वह (यह प्रेम)
This just unpacks the verse-word saṅga-dānādiḥ. It means: that of which the giving of Hari's company is the first item. So the grace the verse is talking about is the kind whose leading part is being given the Lord's own association, with the other gifts following after. In short, saṅga-dānādiḥ = 'the one whose first element is the giving of association.'
जिसका प्रथम अंग संग का दान है — वह यह प्रेम है। यही "आदिर् यस्य सः" रूप से समास को खोलना है।
This is a vigraha — the way a commentator dissolves a compound. saṅga-dānādiḥ is a bahuvrīhi ('possessing X as its first part'), and the frame 'X ādir yasya saḥ' is the standard formula for spelling one out: 'that of which X is the first.' Here it identifies the grace/prema of the verse as the thing whose foremost gift is Hari's company.
यह विग्रह है — वह ढंग जिससे टीकाकार समास को खोलता है। "संग-दानादिः" बहुव्रीहि है ("जिसका प्रथम अंग X है"), और "X आदिर् यस्य सः" उसे खोलने का प्रचलित सूत्र है — "जिसका प्रथम X है, वह"। यहाँ यह श्लोक की उस कृपा/प्रेम को पहचानता है जिसका प्रमुख उपहार हरि का संग है।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
harer iti |
harer itihe picks up the verse's opening word "harer" (of Hari) to mark the line he is about to explain pratīka — lemma-citation naming the verse-line"हरेः" इत्यादि (श्लोक-पंक्ति का प्रतीक-उद्धरण)
harer iti — [the line beginning] "harer" [is what he now takes up to comment on].
harer iti — "हरेः" इस पद से (श्लोक-पंक्ति का प्रतीक)
He quotes the first word of the verse, "harer" (of Hari). This is just his way of pointing to the line he is about to explain.
"हरेः" — इस शब्द से टीकाकार आगे व्याख्या के लिए श्लोक-पंक्ति को उद्धृत करता है।
"iti" after a quoted word is the standard commentator's device for citing a lemma: it means "the passage that goes 'harer…'", flagging which words the next sentence will unpack.
किसी उद्धृत शब्द के बाद "इति" लगाना टीकाकार का प्रचलित ढंग है, जिससे प्रतीक उद्धृत किया जाता है — इसका अर्थ है "वह पंक्ति जो 'हरेः…' से आरम्भ होती है", और यह संकेत करता है कि अगला वाक्य किन शब्दों को खोलेगा।
s2gloss
ātmanaḥ saṅga-dānādir eva harer atiprasādasya kāryatvāt atiprasāda ucyate ||
ātmanaḥof his own self — that is, the giving of Hari's own company gen. sg., possessive (whose association)अपने (हरि के) — जिसके संग का
saṅga-dānādiḥthe granting of [his] association and the like — this is the subject nom. sg.संग-दान आदि
evathis very thing, precisely itही
harer atiprasādasyaof Hari's abundant grace — its gen. sg.हरि की परम कृपा का
kāryatvātbecause it is the effect [of that grace] — the reason the name transfers abl. sg. of cause (kārya = effect)कार्य अर्थात् फल होने के कारण
atiprasāda ucyateit too is called "abundant grace"(वह भी) परम कृपा कहलाता है
ātmanaḥ saṅga-dānādiḥ eva — the granting of [Hari's] own association and the like, this very thing; harer atiprasādasya kāryatvāt — because it is the effect of Hari's abundant grace; atiprasādaḥ ucyate — is [itself] called abundant grace.
ātmanaḥ — अपने (हरि के) संग का; saṅga-dānādiḥ — संग-दान आदि; eva — ही; harer atiprasādasya — हरि की परम कृपा का; kāryatvāt — कार्य होने के कारण; atiprasāda ucyate — (वह भी) परम कृपा कहलाता है
The verse calls the granting of Hari's own company "abundant grace" (atiprasāda). But strictly speaking, Hari's grace is the cause, and the giving of his company is what that grace produces. So why call the giving itself "grace"? Because the giving of association is the effect of Hari's abundant grace. The effect is named after its cause: since it comes from that grace, the giving too is called "grace."
हरि के अपने संग का दान — यह हरि की परम कृपा का कार्य अर्थात् फल है। इसी कारण वह कार्य भी स्वयं परम कृपा ही कहलाता है।
kārya / kāraṇa — in nyāya usage, "effect" and "cause." Here the figure is naming an effect by its cause's name (as we say "drink a whole bottle" meaning the wine in it): the giving of association is the kārya (effect); Hari's atiprasāda is its kāraṇa (cause); so the effect borrows the cause's name and is itself called atiprasāda.
कार्य / कारण — न्याय की भाषा में "फल" और "हेतु"। यहाँ अलंकार कार्य को उसके कारण के नाम से पुकारता है (जैसे "पूरी बोतल पी गया" कहकर उसमें भरी मदिरा का अभिप्राय लिया जाता है)। संग का दान कार्य (फल) है; हरि की परम कृपा उसका कारण है; इसलिए कार्य अपने कारण का नाम उधार लेकर स्वयं "अतिप्रसाद" कहलाता है।