Premabase · Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu · Vibhāga 1 · Laharī 2
Show
SanskritHindiEnglish
Study decode
Phrases
Script
IASTदेवनागरीবাংলা
Commentary
JīvaMukunda-dāsaViśvanātha
BRS 1.2.290-291
rāgātmikāyā dvaividhyād dvidhā rāgānugā ca sā | kāmānugā ca sambandhānugā ceti nigadyate ||
tatra adhikārī—
rāgātmikāika-niṣṭhā ye vraja-vāsi-janādayaḥ | teṣāṁ bhāvāptaye lubdho bhaved atrādhikāravān ||
The verse — decoded
L1definition
rāgātmikāyā dvaividhyād dvidhā rāgānugā ca sā | kāmānugā ca sambandhānugā ceti nigadyate ||
rāgātmikāyāḥof rāgātmikā bhakti — the devotion that is made of spontaneous passionate love, the kind the eternal residents of Vraja have genitive; source-noun for the split that followsरागात्मिका (भक्ति) का — जिससे आगे का विभाजन निकलता है
dvaividhyātbecause it is of two kinds ablative of cause — 'since it splits in two'क्योंकि वह दो प्रकार की है, इस कारण
dvidhāin two ways, twofoldदो भेदों में
rāgānugārāgānugā bhakti — the devotion that follows after (anuga) that passionate loveरागानुगा (भक्ति)
ca sāand it too (is twofold) sā = rāgānugā, picking up the subject; ca links it to the source's splitऔर वह (रागानुगा) भी
kāmānugāthe desire-following kind — following the amorous mood (kāma) of the gopīsकामानुगा
caandऔर
sambandhānugāthe relationship-following kind — following a settled relationship (sambandha), as parent, friend, servantसम्बन्धानुगा
ca itiand — thus (the two names) iti closes the enumerationऔर — इस प्रकार (गणना समाप्त)
nigadyateit is declared, it is called passive presentकही जाती है
rāgātmikāyāḥ dvaividhyāt — because rāgātmikā is of two kinds; sā rāgānugā ca dvidhā — that rāgānugā too is twofold; kāmānugā ca sambandhānugā ca iti — as kāmānugā and sambandhānugā; nigadyate — so it is declared.
rāgātmikāyāḥ — रागात्मिका का; dvaividhyāt — दो प्रकार की होने के कारण; sā rāgānugā — वह रागानुगा; dvidhā — दो भेदों में; kāmānugā ca sambandhānugā ca iti — कामानुगा और सम्बन्धानुगा — इस प्रकार; nigadyate — कही जाती है।
Rāgātmikā bhakti — the spontaneous, passionate love the eternal Vraja residents have — comes in two kinds. Because its source is twofold, the devotion that follows it, rāgānugā, is twofold as well. The two are called kāmānugā, which follows the amorous mood, and sambandhānugā, which follows a fixed relationship like parent or friend.
रागात्मिका के दो प्रकार होने के कारण वह रागानुगा भी दो भेदों में कही जाती है। एक कामानुगा और दूसरी सम्बन्धानुगा।
rāgānugā: rāga is 'passionate attachment'; anuga is 'following after'. So rāgānugā = practice that models itself on (follows behind) the rāgātmikā love of Vraja, as against vaidhī bhakti, which follows scriptural rule.
रागानुगा — 'राग' अर्थात् गाढ़ा प्रेमास्पद अनुराग, और 'अनुग' अर्थात् पीछे-पीछे चलना। अतः रागानुगा वह साधना है जो व्रज की रागात्मिका प्रीति का अनुसरण करती है (उसके पीछे चलती है), जबकि वैधी भक्ति शास्त्रविधि का अनुसरण करती है।
L2definition
rāgātmikāika-niṣṭhā ye vraja-vāsi-janādayaḥ | teṣāṁ bhāvāptaye lubdho bhaved atrādhikāravān ||
rāgātmikā-eka-niṣṭhāḥthose whose one and only devotion is rāgātmikā — fixed on it alone, with nothing else mixed in bahuvrīhi describing the Vraja people; eka = 'one alone', exclusiveजिनकी एकमात्र निष्ठा रागात्मिका (भक्ति) में ही है
yewho — those who relative pronoun, answered by teṣām belowजो (लोग)
vraja-vāsi-jana-ādayaḥthe people who dwell in Vraja, and the like ādi = 'and such', leaving the group openव्रजवासी जन आदि (और इस प्रकार के अन्य)
teṣāmof them — the love that they have genitive answering ye; 'their' bhāva is what one longs forउनके (जिनका ऊपर 'जो' से निर्देश हुआ)
bhāva-āptayein order to attain that (their) loving mood dative of purpose — 'for the sake of gaining the bhāva'भाव की प्राप्ति के लिए
lubdhaḥone who has become greedy — who covets it, longs for it hungrilyलालायित (लोभी)
bhavethe would be, he becomes optativeहो जाए
atrahere — in this path (of rāgānugā)इस (रागानुगा मार्ग) में
adhikāra-vānthe one who is qualified, who has the eligibility -vat possessive: 'possessed of the right to it'अधिकारी होता है — इसका अधिकार रखता है
ye vraja-vāsi-jana-ādayaḥ rāgātmikā-eka-niṣṭhāḥ — those Vraja-dwellers and the like whose one devotion is rāgātmikā; teṣām bhāva-āptaye lubdhaḥ — one greedy to attain their loving mood; atra adhikāra-vān bhavet — he becomes the qualified one here.
ye vraja-vāsi-jana-ādayaḥ — जो व्रजवासी जन आदि; rāgātmikā-eka-niṣṭhāḥ — रागात्मिका में ही एकनिष्ठ हैं; teṣām bhāva-āptaye — उनके भाव की प्राप्ति के लिए; lubdhaḥ bhavet — जो लालायित हो जाए; atra adhikāra-vān — वही इसमें अधिकारी (होता है)।
Look at the residents of Vraja and others like them: their devotion is rāgātmikā and nothing else. Now take a person who becomes greedy — who hungers to gain the very loving mood those Vraja people have. That greedy longing is what makes him eligible for this path of rāgānugā. So eligibility here is not by rule or birth; it is by covetous longing for their bhāva.
जो व्रजवासी जन आदि रागात्मिका भक्ति में ही एकनिष्ठ हैं, उनके भाव को पाने के लिए जो लालायित हो जाए — वही इस मार्ग में अधिकारी है।
adhikāra: normally the formal 'entitlement / qualification' to perform a rite (by initiation, varṇa, etc.). Here the entry ticket is not ritual standing but lobha — greed for the Vraja mood; the verse relocates 'qualification' onto the heart.
अधिकार — साधारणतया किसी कर्म को करने की औपचारिक पात्रता होती है (दीक्षा, वर्ण आदि से)। परन्तु यहाँ प्रवेश की योग्यता कोई कर्मकाण्डीय स्थिति नहीं, अपितु लोभ है — व्रज के भाव के प्रति लालसा। यह श्लोक 'अधिकार' को हृदय पर स्थापित कर देता है।
Commentary — decoded
Jīva Gosvāmī
s1other
na vyākhyātam |
na vyākhyātam(it was) not commented on — Jīva gives no gloss here na + past participle; a note of silence, not an argumentव्याख्या नहीं की गई
na vyākhyātam — not explained.
na vyākhyātam — व्याख्या नहीं की गई।
Jīva Gosvāmī offers no comment on this verse. The editor simply records the gap: 'not commented on.' Nothing is being argued here; it only marks that this ācārya passed the verse by.
(जीव गोस्वामी ने) इसकी व्याख्या नहीं की।
Viśvanātha Cakravartī
s1avataranika
prasaṅgato rāgātmikāyā lakṣaṇam uktvā prastutāyā rāgānugāyā lakṣaṇam āha—rāgātmikāyā iti |
prasaṅgataḥin passing, as the topic happened to come up adverb — 'incidentally', not as the main businessप्रसंगवश (मुख्य विषय के रूप में नहीं)
rāgātmikāyāḥ lakṣaṇamthe defining mark of rāgātmikā objective genitive — 'the definition of rāgātmikā'रागात्मिका का लक्षण
uktvāhaving stated (it) gerund — 'once he has given that'कह चुकने पर
prastutāyāḥ rāgānugāyāḥof rāgānugā, the topic actually at hand genitive; prastutā = the subject formally under discussionप्रस्तुत (विवेच्य) रागानुगा का
lakṣaṇamits defining markलक्षण
āhahe (Rūpa) now states the avataraṇikā verb introducing the verseकहते हैं
rāgātmikāyāḥ itiwith the words 'rāgātmikāyāḥ…' — i.e. this verse iti naming the verse by its opening word'रागात्मिकायाः' — इस (आरम्भिक शब्द वाले श्लोक) से
prasaṅgataḥ rāgātmikāyāḥ lakṣaṇam uktvā — having incidentally given the definition of rāgātmikā; prastutāyāḥ rāgānugāyāḥ lakṣaṇam āha — he states the definition of rāgānugā, the real topic; rāgātmikāyāḥ iti — namely the verse beginning 'rāgātmikāyāḥ.'
prasaṅgataḥ rāgātmikāyāḥ lakṣaṇam uktvā — प्रसंगवश रागात्मिका का लक्षण कहकर; prastutāyāḥ rāgānugāyāḥ lakṣaṇam āha — प्रस्तुत रागानुगा का लक्षण कहते हैं; rāgātmikāyāḥ iti — 'रागात्मिकायाः' इस श्लोक से।
Viśvanātha sets up the verse. He notes that rāgātmikā was only defined in passing — it came up as a side matter. The real subject on the table is rāgānugā. So now, he says, Rūpa Gosvāmī gives the definition of rāgānugā itself. And he names the verse by its first word: 'rāgātmikāyāḥ…'
प्रसंगवश रागात्मिका का लक्षण कह चुकने पर, अब प्रस्तुत रागानुगा का लक्षण 'रागात्मिकायाः' इस श्लोक से कहते हैं।
s2gloss
rāgātmikā-bhaktau eka-niṣṭhā yeṣāṁ teṣāṁ vraja-vāsināṁ śrī-kṛṣṇe yo bhāvas tat-sajātīya-bhāvāptaye lubdha ity arthaḥ ||
rāgātmikā-bhaktauin rāgātmikā devotion locative — the object their one-pointedness rests onरागात्मिका भक्ति में
eka-niṣṭhāone-pointed fixity, having it as one's sole ground the abstract Viśvanātha resolves the compound intoएकमात्र निष्ठा (एकनिष्ठा)
yeṣāmof whom — those who have this genitive in a bahuvrīhi paraphrase, resolving rāgātmikaika-niṣṭhāḥजिनकी
teṣām vraja-vāsināmof those Vraja-dwellers genitive; he equates 'ye' with the residents of Vrajaउन व्रजवासियों का
śrī-kṛṣṇe yaḥ bhāvaḥthe loving mood they have toward Śrī Kṛṣṇa he specifies whose bhāva and toward whomश्रीकृष्ण के प्रति जो भाव है
tat-sajātīya-bhāva-āptayein order to gain a loving mood of the same class as theirs dative of purpose; sajātīya = 'of the same kind' — the key clarifying word he addsउसके सजातीय (समान प्रकार के) भाव की प्राप्ति के लिए
lubdhaḥone who is greedy (for it)लालायित (लोभी)
iti arthaḥ— that is the meaning closing formula of a glossयह अर्थ है
rāgātmikā-bhaktau eka-niṣṭhā yeṣām teṣām vraja-vāsinām — of those Vraja-dwellers who are one-pointed in rāgātmikā devotion; śrī-kṛṣṇe yaḥ bhāvaḥ tat-sajātīya-bhāva-āptaye lubdhaḥ — greedy to attain a mood of the same kind as their mood toward Śrī Kṛṣṇa; iti arthaḥ — this is the meaning.
rāgātmikā-bhaktau eka-niṣṭhā yeṣām — जिनकी रागात्मिका भक्ति में एकनिष्ठा है; teṣām vraja-vāsinām śrī-kṛṣṇe yaḥ bhāvaḥ — उन व्रजवासियों का श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति जो भाव है; tat-sajātīya-bhāva-āptaye lubdhaḥ — उसके सजातीय भाव की प्राप्ति के लिए लालायित; iti arthaḥ — यह अर्थ है।
Viśvanātha unpacks the verse's compound. 'Rāgātmikaika-niṣṭhāḥ' means: those whose devotion rests one-pointedly on rāgātmikā — and those people are the residents of Vraja. Now they have a certain loving mood toward Śrī Kṛṣṇa. The eligible person, he says, is one who is greedy to obtain a mood of the same class as that. His added word is sajātīya, 'of the same kind': the aspirant does not get their identical mood, but one of the same type. That greed, he concludes, is the meaning of the verse. That is the sense.
जिनकी एकमात्र निष्ठा रागात्मिका भक्ति में है, उन व्रजवासियों का श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति जो भाव है — उसके सजातीय भाव को पाने के लिए जो लालायित हो, यही (मूल श्लोक का) अर्थ है।
sajātīya: 'belonging to the same genus/kind.' Viśvanātha inserts it to be exact — the practitioner longs not for the Vraja residents' own numerically identical bhāva but for a homogeneous, same-class mood; the model is theirs, the mood attained is one's own of that type.
सजातीय — 'एक ही जाति या वर्ग का'। विश्वनाथ इसे ठीक-ठीक कहने के लिए जोड़ते हैं — साधक व्रजवासियों के ठीक उसी (संख्यातः एक) भाव की कामना नहीं करता, अपितु उसी वर्ग के, समान प्रकार के भाव की। आदर्श उनका है, पर प्राप्त होने वाला भाव अपना ही उसी जाति का होता है।